Programme - biomed.cas.cz
... Site T704 in Acute Desensitization of the Vanilloid Receptor TRPV1 J. BENEDIKT, K. TOUŠOVÁ, K. SUŠÁNKOVÁ, A. SAMAD, L. VYKLICKÝ, J. TEISINGER, V. VLACHOVÁ, Prague 2. PKA dependent effect of pregnenolone sulfate on NMDA receptors expressed in hippocampal neurons M. PETROVIC, H. CHODOUNSKÁ, M. SEDLÁČE ...
... Site T704 in Acute Desensitization of the Vanilloid Receptor TRPV1 J. BENEDIKT, K. TOUŠOVÁ, K. SUŠÁNKOVÁ, A. SAMAD, L. VYKLICKÝ, J. TEISINGER, V. VLACHOVÁ, Prague 2. PKA dependent effect of pregnenolone sulfate on NMDA receptors expressed in hippocampal neurons M. PETROVIC, H. CHODOUNSKÁ, M. SEDLÁČE ...
Autonomic Nervous System
... • Neurons have one behavior property in common with muscles: Irritability – the ability to respond to a stimulus. • However, neurons have an aspect of irritability that muscles DO NOT have: converting stimuli into nerve impulses. • Nerve impulse = a tiny electrical charge that transmits information ...
... • Neurons have one behavior property in common with muscles: Irritability – the ability to respond to a stimulus. • However, neurons have an aspect of irritability that muscles DO NOT have: converting stimuli into nerve impulses. • Nerve impulse = a tiny electrical charge that transmits information ...
GnRH Protein Levels in Atrazine-Treated Axolotls
... determination methods for axolotls do not exist. In future studies, it may be beneficial to raise all specimens into adulthood, and divide the animals up by sex to process the data. Of course, further perturbations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis may also occur in older animals, or conver ...
... determination methods for axolotls do not exist. In future studies, it may be beneficial to raise all specimens into adulthood, and divide the animals up by sex to process the data. Of course, further perturbations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis may also occur in older animals, or conver ...
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy
... glutamate accumulation, which causes neuro-degeneration. “Glutamate is generally acknowledged to be the most important transmitter for normal brain function” (Purves et al., 2001). Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter. However, high extracellular glutamate can have toxic effects on neurons. I ...
... glutamate accumulation, which causes neuro-degeneration. “Glutamate is generally acknowledged to be the most important transmitter for normal brain function” (Purves et al., 2001). Glutamate is an excitatory neurotransmitter. However, high extracellular glutamate can have toxic effects on neurons. I ...
Dynamic Stochastic Synapses as Computational Units
... of changes in specific parameters of a biological synapse. After the presentation of this model in section 2, we analyze the computational consequences of this model in section 3. We focus here on computations on short spike trains, which have not been addressed previously in the literature. 2 A Mod ...
... of changes in specific parameters of a biological synapse. After the presentation of this model in section 2, we analyze the computational consequences of this model in section 3. We focus here on computations on short spike trains, which have not been addressed previously in the literature. 2 A Mod ...
Regulation of neurons in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus by
... were conducted at −60 mV. The average frequency of sEPSCs was 3.5 ± 0.7 Hz (range from 0.7 to 6.5 Hz, n = 8). After bath application of 100 µM resveratrol the frequency of sEPSCs significantly increased to 4.2 ± 0.8 Hz (range from 0.8 to 8.2 Hz, n = 8, p < 0.05) (Figures 1A–C). The average amplitude ...
... were conducted at −60 mV. The average frequency of sEPSCs was 3.5 ± 0.7 Hz (range from 0.7 to 6.5 Hz, n = 8). After bath application of 100 µM resveratrol the frequency of sEPSCs significantly increased to 4.2 ± 0.8 Hz (range from 0.8 to 8.2 Hz, n = 8, p < 0.05) (Figures 1A–C). The average amplitude ...
Development of Multicellular Organisms
... melanogaster, and the vertebrate Homo sapiens are the first three animals for which a complete genome sequence was obtained. In the family tree of animal evolution, they are very distant from one another: the lineage leading to the vertebrates is thought to have diverged from that leading to the nem ...
... melanogaster, and the vertebrate Homo sapiens are the first three animals for which a complete genome sequence was obtained. In the family tree of animal evolution, they are very distant from one another: the lineage leading to the vertebrates is thought to have diverged from that leading to the nem ...
The Living World - Chapter 28 - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Supplements the fish’s sense of hearing Fish are able to sense objects that reflect pressure waves and low-frequency vibrations The system consists of canals running the length of the fish’s body under the skin Canals have sensory structures containing hair cells projecting into a gelatinous cupula ...
... Supplements the fish’s sense of hearing Fish are able to sense objects that reflect pressure waves and low-frequency vibrations The system consists of canals running the length of the fish’s body under the skin Canals have sensory structures containing hair cells projecting into a gelatinous cupula ...
Chapter 2 - Biological Basis of Behavior
... Plays an important role in arousal and attention Loss of ACh producing cells is linked to Alzheimer’s ...
... Plays an important role in arousal and attention Loss of ACh producing cells is linked to Alzheimer’s ...
Pattern adaptation and cross-orientation interactions in the primary
... The responsiveness of neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) is substantially reduced after a few seconds of visual stimulation with an effective pattern. This phenomenon, called pattern adaptation, is uniquely cortical and is the likely substrate of a variety of perceptual after-effects. While a ...
... The responsiveness of neurons in the primary visual cortex (V1) is substantially reduced after a few seconds of visual stimulation with an effective pattern. This phenomenon, called pattern adaptation, is uniquely cortical and is the likely substrate of a variety of perceptual after-effects. While a ...
Cartesian spatial coordinates Computing reaching dynamics in
... are considerably more concise than for joint-based reference frames and have physically intuitive interpretations (Hinton 1984). The dynamics of linked rigid bodies using spatial vectors, known as the Newton-Euler method (reviewed in APPENDIX A), has been well studied, especially in robotics, but it ...
... are considerably more concise than for joint-based reference frames and have physically intuitive interpretations (Hinton 1984). The dynamics of linked rigid bodies using spatial vectors, known as the Newton-Euler method (reviewed in APPENDIX A), has been well studied, especially in robotics, but it ...
Neuronal responses to face-like and facial stimuli in the monkey
... patterns (Johnson et al., 1991). Infant monkeys reared in isolation or without exposure to faces respond to pictures of conspecifics (Sackett, 1966; Sugita, 2008), and SC lesions in infant monkeys decrease their social behaviors among conspecifics (Maior et al., 2012). Convergent animal and human ev ...
... patterns (Johnson et al., 1991). Infant monkeys reared in isolation or without exposure to faces respond to pictures of conspecifics (Sackett, 1966; Sugita, 2008), and SC lesions in infant monkeys decrease their social behaviors among conspecifics (Maior et al., 2012). Convergent animal and human ev ...
Chemical Transmitters and Modulation of Sleep
... Aithough evidence has suggested a dual role of the basal forebrain (BF) in arousai and sleep generation, the neurotransmitter identity and activity ofBF neurons serving these different functions have remained uncertain. Furthermore, few studies have been done to clarify how the wake vs. sleep promot ...
... Aithough evidence has suggested a dual role of the basal forebrain (BF) in arousai and sleep generation, the neurotransmitter identity and activity ofBF neurons serving these different functions have remained uncertain. Furthermore, few studies have been done to clarify how the wake vs. sleep promot ...
3D Visual Response Properties of MSTd Emerge from an Efficient
... patterns on the basis of inputs received from neurons in MT with receptive fields that resemble basis vectors recovered with non-negative matrix factorization. These assumptions are sufficient to quantitatively simulate neurophysiological response properties of MSTd cells, such as 3D translation and ...
... patterns on the basis of inputs received from neurons in MT with receptive fields that resemble basis vectors recovered with non-negative matrix factorization. These assumptions are sufficient to quantitatively simulate neurophysiological response properties of MSTd cells, such as 3D translation and ...
Multiple Modes of Action Potential Initiation and Propagation in
... Depending on these input conditions, the action potential can be initiated at the soma or distal dendrite and can either back propagate or forward propagate. These experimental results are most easily understood with the aid of computer simulations that are tightly constrained by the simple geometry ...
... Depending on these input conditions, the action potential can be initiated at the soma or distal dendrite and can either back propagate or forward propagate. These experimental results are most easily understood with the aid of computer simulations that are tightly constrained by the simple geometry ...
Morphological Analysis of Dendritic Spine Development in Primary
... The dendritic spine constitutes the main locus of excitatory synaptic interaction among central neurons. The great variety of shapes,strategic location, and abundancehas focusedconsiderableattention on the dendritic spineas the key site for the potential encoding of activity-dependent, neuronal plas ...
... The dendritic spine constitutes the main locus of excitatory synaptic interaction among central neurons. The great variety of shapes,strategic location, and abundancehas focusedconsiderableattention on the dendritic spineas the key site for the potential encoding of activity-dependent, neuronal plas ...
Intrinsic and synaptic plasticity in the vestibular system
... (Figure 1). Vestibular nucleus neurons contribute to a variety of circuits that are responsible for initiating compensatory movements of the eyes, head and body [1,2] in addition to providing information about head direction to forebrain circuits [3,4] and for signaling postural changes to the auton ...
... (Figure 1). Vestibular nucleus neurons contribute to a variety of circuits that are responsible for initiating compensatory movements of the eyes, head and body [1,2] in addition to providing information about head direction to forebrain circuits [3,4] and for signaling postural changes to the auton ...
Search Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School The
... astrocytic and synaptic function implies that the initiation of a calcium wave by a subgroup of synapses within the domain should inhibit neurotransmitter release throughout the entire domain, and this initiation should effect a secondary neurotransmission synchrony in the domain's larger group of s ...
... astrocytic and synaptic function implies that the initiation of a calcium wave by a subgroup of synapses within the domain should inhibit neurotransmitter release throughout the entire domain, and this initiation should effect a secondary neurotransmission synchrony in the domain's larger group of s ...
PowerPoint-Präsentation
... withdrawal reflex Individuals were restrained in small aquariums in a manner that the gill was exposed. A tactile stimulus was administered to the siphon and elicited the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex. A photocell was placed under the gill to record amplitude and duration of the response elicite ...
... withdrawal reflex Individuals were restrained in small aquariums in a manner that the gill was exposed. A tactile stimulus was administered to the siphon and elicited the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex. A photocell was placed under the gill to record amplitude and duration of the response elicite ...
Using deep sequencing to characterize the biophysical mechanism
... that bind the TRS of interest. Secondly, TRSs typically contain multiple binding sites for each operative regulatory protein, making it difficult to determine the specific role of each site simply by varying the concentration of the regulator. This latter fact has created difficulty for similar stud ...
... that bind the TRS of interest. Secondly, TRSs typically contain multiple binding sites for each operative regulatory protein, making it difficult to determine the specific role of each site simply by varying the concentration of the regulator. This latter fact has created difficulty for similar stud ...
morphological changes in chick embryo neural tissue associated
... minimal disruption to neural tissue. These two fixating methods were applied to control neural tissue as well as tissues exposed to 0.137M and 0.685M hydrocortisone. When evaluated by TEM, the control tissue appeared to be intact with no displacement. Exposure of neurons to 0.137M hydrocortisone ...
... minimal disruption to neural tissue. These two fixating methods were applied to control neural tissue as well as tissues exposed to 0.137M and 0.685M hydrocortisone. When evaluated by TEM, the control tissue appeared to be intact with no displacement. Exposure of neurons to 0.137M hydrocortisone ...
Coincidence Detection or Temporal Integration?
... In cats, SII cortex receives direct projections from the ventrobasal complex (Spreafico et al., 1981; Burton and Kopf, 1984). We recorded neurons in SII cortex instead of primary somatosensory (SI) cortex because receptive fields in SII cortex are larger, and this increased the probability of encoun ...
... In cats, SII cortex receives direct projections from the ventrobasal complex (Spreafico et al., 1981; Burton and Kopf, 1984). We recorded neurons in SII cortex instead of primary somatosensory (SI) cortex because receptive fields in SII cortex are larger, and this increased the probability of encoun ...
A Neurodynamical cortical model of visual attention and
... gradually transforming inputs it receives, which over the ...
... gradually transforming inputs it receives, which over the ...
Channelrhodopsin
Channelrhodopsins are a subfamily of retinylidene proteins (rhodopsins) that function as light-gated ion channels. They serve as sensory photoreceptors in unicellular green algae, controlling phototaxis: movement in response to light. Expressed in cells of other organisms, they enable light to control electrical excitability, intracellular acidity, calcium influx, and other cellular processes. Channelrhodopsin-1 (ChR1) and Channelrhodopsin-2 (ChR2) from the model organism Chlamydomonas reinhardtii are the first discovered channelrhodopsins. Variants have been cloned from other algal species, and more are expected.