Chapter 9: Learning: Principles and Applications
... This spontaneous recovery does not bring the CR back to original strength, however. Pavlov’s dogs produced much less saliva during spontaneous recovery extinction: the gradual disthan they did at the end of their original conditioning. Alternating lengthy appearance of a conditioned when the conditi ...
... This spontaneous recovery does not bring the CR back to original strength, however. Pavlov’s dogs produced much less saliva during spontaneous recovery extinction: the gradual disthan they did at the end of their original conditioning. Alternating lengthy appearance of a conditioned when the conditi ...
Learning and Memory - Ionia County Intermediate School District
... Lecture about the principles of memory. Use memory activities to illustrate the concepts that you’re teaching students about. Begin a service learning experience to help in evaluating the knowledge obtained by the class through the learning and memory unit. Their object of the psychology class is to ...
... Lecture about the principles of memory. Use memory activities to illustrate the concepts that you’re teaching students about. Begin a service learning experience to help in evaluating the knowledge obtained by the class through the learning and memory unit. Their object of the psychology class is to ...
A visual safety signal improves learning of an auditory avoidance task
... acquires reinforcing properties when it is presented concurrently with a reinforcing state. Several theorists have added to the concept of secondary reinforcement, including Dinsmoor (1950) who stated that when a cue, such as a light stimulus, is produced by a subject’s own behavior it should be ref ...
... acquires reinforcing properties when it is presented concurrently with a reinforcing state. Several theorists have added to the concept of secondary reinforcement, including Dinsmoor (1950) who stated that when a cue, such as a light stimulus, is produced by a subject’s own behavior it should be ref ...
D22 - Viktor`s Notes for the Neurosurgery Resident
... evoked from muscle (F response). stimulator is rotated 180 (cathode proximal). STIMULUS should be of greater intensity (than is required to elicit maximal CMAP); stimulus may not always elicit F response! F response is small (usually < 5% of CMAP) F response latency and amplitude vary consi ...
... evoked from muscle (F response). stimulator is rotated 180 (cathode proximal). STIMULUS should be of greater intensity (than is required to elicit maximal CMAP); stimulus may not always elicit F response! F response is small (usually < 5% of CMAP) F response latency and amplitude vary consi ...
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... Purpose: Human beings frequently experience fear, phobia, migraine and hallucinations, however, the cerebral mechanisms underpinning these conditions remain poorly understood. Towards this goal, in this work, we aim to correlate the human ocular perceptions with visual hallucinations, and map them ...
... Purpose: Human beings frequently experience fear, phobia, migraine and hallucinations, however, the cerebral mechanisms underpinning these conditions remain poorly understood. Towards this goal, in this work, we aim to correlate the human ocular perceptions with visual hallucinations, and map them ...
chapter 5 lesson plan nov 28
... punishment. Explain the circumstances under which punishment can be effective and the drawbacks to using punishment. • Explain what is meant by learned helplessness. • Describe how biofeedback and neurofeedback can be used to change behavior. Factors Shared by Classical and Operant Conditioning • De ...
... punishment. Explain the circumstances under which punishment can be effective and the drawbacks to using punishment. • Explain what is meant by learned helplessness. • Describe how biofeedback and neurofeedback can be used to change behavior. Factors Shared by Classical and Operant Conditioning • De ...
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
... Surgery on the anterior commissure (AC) was carried out under aseptic conditions and anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital (25–30 mgykg). The right hemisphere was retracted from the falx with a brain spoon. An aspirator was used to make a sagittal incision #5 mm in length in the corpus callosum, ente ...
... Surgery on the anterior commissure (AC) was carried out under aseptic conditions and anesthesia with sodium pentobarbital (25–30 mgykg). The right hemisphere was retracted from the falx with a brain spoon. An aspirator was used to make a sagittal incision #5 mm in length in the corpus callosum, ente ...
Chapter 5: Sensation and Perception SW
... information is critical to our survival, there is so much information available at any given time that we would be overwhelmed if we were forced to attend to all of it. In fact, we are aware of only a fraction of the sensory information taken in by our sensory systems at any given time. This chapter ...
... information is critical to our survival, there is so much information available at any given time that we would be overwhelmed if we were forced to attend to all of it. In fact, we are aware of only a fraction of the sensory information taken in by our sensory systems at any given time. This chapter ...
Unit 6 Notes - Reading Community Schools
... Discrimination • in classical conditioning, the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus. Ex. Guard dog vs guide dog. ...
... Discrimination • in classical conditioning, the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus. Ex. Guard dog vs guide dog. ...
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... occurs only if the response being conditioned has just been elicited © 2012 McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
... occurs only if the response being conditioned has just been elicited © 2012 McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
Response Suppression in V1 Agrees with Psychophysics of
... observers’ task was to determine whether the contrast of one segment was lower than the contrast of the other seven segments, or whether they all had the same contrast. Observers practiced the task in a series of practice sessions until they reached asymptotic performance levels. Procedure. Contrast ...
... observers’ task was to determine whether the contrast of one segment was lower than the contrast of the other seven segments, or whether they all had the same contrast. Observers practiced the task in a series of practice sessions until they reached asymptotic performance levels. Procedure. Contrast ...
Visual behaviour mediated by retinal projections directed to the
... visual (P p 0.01, Student's t-test, comparing responses to the right ®eld light at the visual and auditory reward spouts, respectively, in each animal; P . 0.1 comparing post-LGN/LP lesion right light responses with pre-lesion right, left or centre light responses in each animal). The timing of the ...
... visual (P p 0.01, Student's t-test, comparing responses to the right ®eld light at the visual and auditory reward spouts, respectively, in each animal; P . 0.1 comparing post-LGN/LP lesion right light responses with pre-lesion right, left or centre light responses in each animal). The timing of the ...
(2007) The most superficial sublamina of rat superior colluculus
... integrate visual, auditory, and somatosensory information (for review, see Stein et al. 2004) and generate motor commands for eye saccades and other attention-directed movements (for review, see Wurtz and Optican 1994). In addition, the SGS1 projects to the lateral posterior thalamic nucleus, thus c ...
... integrate visual, auditory, and somatosensory information (for review, see Stein et al. 2004) and generate motor commands for eye saccades and other attention-directed movements (for review, see Wurtz and Optican 1994). In addition, the SGS1 projects to the lateral posterior thalamic nucleus, thus c ...
POST-CONSUMMATORY AROUSAL OF DRIVE AS A MECHANISM
... noted: "If the application of the conditioned stimulus is prolonged (while) the presentation of food delayed, the motor (instrumental) response occurs when the inhibition (of salivary CR) develops." (ibid. p. 913). Finally, summarizing the results in the spirit of Pavlovian speculative neurophysiolo ...
... noted: "If the application of the conditioned stimulus is prolonged (while) the presentation of food delayed, the motor (instrumental) response occurs when the inhibition (of salivary CR) develops." (ibid. p. 913). Finally, summarizing the results in the spirit of Pavlovian speculative neurophysiolo ...
The neural basis of the speed–accuracy tradeoff - Eric
... noise in the stimulus, the dominant direction of motion is not immediately obvious. When put under time pressure, animals and humans are able to make such decisions relatively quickly, but at the cost of making more errors. When required to be accurate, they can reduce the probability of making an e ...
... noise in the stimulus, the dominant direction of motion is not immediately obvious. When put under time pressure, animals and humans are able to make such decisions relatively quickly, but at the cost of making more errors. When required to be accurate, they can reduce the probability of making an e ...
Chapter 9
... Although many psychologists have contributed to behavioral theory, B.F. Skinner is best known as the translator of these theories into usable methods. This theory postulates that people are born neutral, with equal potential for good and evil. People are responders to their environments. They demons ...
... Although many psychologists have contributed to behavioral theory, B.F. Skinner is best known as the translator of these theories into usable methods. This theory postulates that people are born neutral, with equal potential for good and evil. People are responders to their environments. They demons ...
Neurophysiological investigation of the basis of the fMRI signal
... such potentials, including single-spike responses and ®eld potentials, whereby the latter relate well not only to spike activity but also to subthreshold integrative processes in areas such as dendrites that are otherwise inaccessible. Microelectrode recording methods have been used extensively to o ...
... such potentials, including single-spike responses and ®eld potentials, whereby the latter relate well not only to spike activity but also to subthreshold integrative processes in areas such as dendrites that are otherwise inaccessible. Microelectrode recording methods have been used extensively to o ...
Please Touch: Aesthetic Features that Invite Touch
... when imagery and perception compete for the same resources, the positive effects of imaging are reduced. Similarly, Petrova and Cialdini (2005) found that difficulty in imagery generation can reverse the positive effects of imagery appeals. In some instances, consumer behavior researchers have instr ...
... when imagery and perception compete for the same resources, the positive effects of imaging are reduced. Similarly, Petrova and Cialdini (2005) found that difficulty in imagery generation can reverse the positive effects of imagery appeals. In some instances, consumer behavior researchers have instr ...
the primate amygdala: neuronal representations of
... collected using a Datawave Discovery Inc. (Tucson, AZ, USA) system which digitized the signal (12 bit, 16 kHz) for 8 s after stimulus onset. The spikes were sorted off-line using the cluster cutting method provided with the Datawave system, and this procedure was straightforward as the data were col ...
... collected using a Datawave Discovery Inc. (Tucson, AZ, USA) system which digitized the signal (12 bit, 16 kHz) for 8 s after stimulus onset. The spikes were sorted off-line using the cluster cutting method provided with the Datawave system, and this procedure was straightforward as the data were col ...
Cholinergic Deafferentation of the Entorhinal Cortex in Rats
... within-subjects replication of the effects of novel stimuli. Testing continued with each list of novel stimuli being reordered for each session and lists alternated each day over 8 additional days. A retest of the presurgical familiar odors was performed for one session. The following dependent meas ...
... within-subjects replication of the effects of novel stimuli. Testing continued with each list of novel stimuli being reordered for each session and lists alternated each day over 8 additional days. A retest of the presurgical familiar odors was performed for one session. The following dependent meas ...
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... others). The NB neurons, located in the basal forebrain, send cholinergic and GABAergic projections to the entire cortical mantle11 (Fig. 1a). Pairing NB stimulation with sound stimulation failed to produce significant cortical reorganizations when the acetylcholine-containing cells in the NB were i ...
... others). The NB neurons, located in the basal forebrain, send cholinergic and GABAergic projections to the entire cortical mantle11 (Fig. 1a). Pairing NB stimulation with sound stimulation failed to produce significant cortical reorganizations when the acetylcholine-containing cells in the NB were i ...
Vol. 9, No. 1 (Winter 1996) - Mathematics and Statistics
... Figure 1. The Euler characteristic (EC) of a solid EC = 0; and the EC decreases by 1 for each extra hole is the number of vertices − edges + faces − polyhedra. (d, e); in (f) the central cube is missing so the solid is For a single polyhedron (a) or several joined together hollow, in which case the ...
... Figure 1. The Euler characteristic (EC) of a solid EC = 0; and the EC decreases by 1 for each extra hole is the number of vertices − edges + faces − polyhedra. (d, e); in (f) the central cube is missing so the solid is For a single polyhedron (a) or several joined together hollow, in which case the ...
Turning on the alarm - Center for Healthy Minds
... pain ratings. It is therefore difficult to know whether individual differences in the self-reported transition from innocuous to painful stimulation reflect subjective experience or merely idiosyncratic reporting behavior. Indeed, the ability or propensity of subjects to consistently report a given st ...
... pain ratings. It is therefore difficult to know whether individual differences in the self-reported transition from innocuous to painful stimulation reflect subjective experience or merely idiosyncratic reporting behavior. Indeed, the ability or propensity of subjects to consistently report a given st ...
Classical Conditioning
... unbearable – then getting used to it and not even being able to smell it any longer. Taste: Something that initially tastes too sweet (or salty), but gradually begins to taste normal Sight: we gaze less and less at a particular visual stimulus the longer it is presented. Sound: being initially distr ...
... unbearable – then getting used to it and not even being able to smell it any longer. Taste: Something that initially tastes too sweet (or salty), but gradually begins to taste normal Sight: we gaze less and less at a particular visual stimulus the longer it is presented. Sound: being initially distr ...