Preserving information in neural transmission - CNL
... distribution that is often skewed and has nonzero kurtosis (van Hateren, 1997; Simoncelli and Olshausen, 2001). We created 5 s luminance sequences that had naturalistic temporal frequency power spectra between 0.2 and 80 Hz. These stimuli were derived by first generating a series of independent samp ...
... distribution that is often skewed and has nonzero kurtosis (van Hateren, 1997; Simoncelli and Olshausen, 2001). We created 5 s luminance sequences that had naturalistic temporal frequency power spectra between 0.2 and 80 Hz. These stimuli were derived by first generating a series of independent samp ...
Encoding Information in Neuronal Activity
... In one example the correlated firing between two neurons during the GO tasks was highest during the first second after the onset of the stimulus and lower during the next second. During the NO- GO tasks the pattern of correlated firing was reversed. The correlation was low in the first second and hi ...
... In one example the correlated firing between two neurons during the GO tasks was highest during the first second after the onset of the stimulus and lower during the next second. During the NO- GO tasks the pattern of correlated firing was reversed. The correlation was low in the first second and hi ...
The neural basis for combinatorial coding in a cortical population response
... separated successive trials, and directions of motion were pseudorandomly interleaved. A typical experiment included 13 motion directions that spanned ⫾90° around the neuron’s preferred direction in 15° increments, all presented at the neuron’s preferred speed. Each stimulus was presented up to 222 ...
... separated successive trials, and directions of motion were pseudorandomly interleaved. A typical experiment included 13 motion directions that spanned ⫾90° around the neuron’s preferred direction in 15° increments, all presented at the neuron’s preferred speed. Each stimulus was presented up to 222 ...
Behaviorism*
... bodies were thought to be derived from the principles or essences of which they were composed. Combustion was explained by the phlogiston inside the combustible object. Wounds healed and bodies grew well because of a vis medicatrix. It has been especially tempting to attribute the behavior of a livi ...
... bodies were thought to be derived from the principles or essences of which they were composed. Combustion was explained by the phlogiston inside the combustible object. Wounds healed and bodies grew well because of a vis medicatrix. It has been especially tempting to attribute the behavior of a livi ...
associative processes - Infant Cognition Group
... quench your thirst. How would you feel? 2) One evening as you are driving home from work, a small animal darts in front of your car just as you are rounding a corner and approaching a small bridge. To avoid the animal, you swerve to one side, knocking a guard rail from the bridge and nearly descendi ...
... quench your thirst. How would you feel? 2) One evening as you are driving home from work, a small animal darts in front of your car just as you are rounding a corner and approaching a small bridge. To avoid the animal, you swerve to one side, knocking a guard rail from the bridge and nearly descendi ...
Is There a Cell-Biological Alphabet for Simple Forms of Learning?
... To illustrate these points, we divide this article into two parts. In the first part, which is empirical, we briefly review research on the cellular mechanisms of two forms of nonassociative learning and one form of associative learning in Aplysia, and suggest how these mechanisms form the outline o ...
... To illustrate these points, we divide this article into two parts. In the first part, which is empirical, we briefly review research on the cellular mechanisms of two forms of nonassociative learning and one form of associative learning in Aplysia, and suggest how these mechanisms form the outline o ...
Learning sensory maps with real-world stimuli in real time using a
... the synapses from thalamic neurons to cortical excitatory neurons are randomly chosen in the range of 0.7–0.8 [Fig. 2(a)]; this makes the initial receptive field of all the cortical excitatory neurons diffuse and no knowledge about the stimuli is put into the network. The network is exposed for 2.5 ...
... the synapses from thalamic neurons to cortical excitatory neurons are randomly chosen in the range of 0.7–0.8 [Fig. 2(a)]; this makes the initial receptive field of all the cortical excitatory neurons diffuse and no knowledge about the stimuli is put into the network. The network is exposed for 2.5 ...
CHRONIC PAIN
... i. Variable unpleasantness ii. Movement activates sensitized receptors iii. Feeling of weakness, somnolence, exhaustion ...
... i. Variable unpleasantness ii. Movement activates sensitized receptors iii. Feeling of weakness, somnolence, exhaustion ...
1) Discuss if NOCICEPTORS are real. 2) Describe the distribution of
... lampreys (Christenson, J. et al., 1988) have mechanosensory neurons that are likely to be nociceptive, despite their relatively low mechanical thresholds, because the tissue they innervate is delicate enough to be damaged by modest pressures. Paraphrased from “Nociceptors: a phylogenetic view” (J. ...
... lampreys (Christenson, J. et al., 1988) have mechanosensory neurons that are likely to be nociceptive, despite their relatively low mechanical thresholds, because the tissue they innervate is delicate enough to be damaged by modest pressures. Paraphrased from “Nociceptors: a phylogenetic view” (J. ...
PDF
... Controlled responses differ from reflexes because they can be turned off and on. This is a critical part of what distinguishes animals from automatons. How does the nervous system gate the flow of information so that a sensory stimulus that elicits a strong response on some occasions, evokes no resp ...
... Controlled responses differ from reflexes because they can be turned off and on. This is a critical part of what distinguishes animals from automatons. How does the nervous system gate the flow of information so that a sensory stimulus that elicits a strong response on some occasions, evokes no resp ...
PDF: 2 MB - 2012 Book Archive
... Having been properly diagnosed with PTSD at age 35, I know that there is not one aspect of my life that has gone untouched by this mental illness. My PTSD was triggered by several traumas, most importantly a sexual attack at knifepoint that left me thinking I would die. I would never be the same aft ...
... Having been properly diagnosed with PTSD at age 35, I know that there is not one aspect of my life that has gone untouched by this mental illness. My PTSD was triggered by several traumas, most importantly a sexual attack at knifepoint that left me thinking I would die. I would never be the same aft ...
Affective percept and voluntary action: A hypothesis
... rats. Also using self-stimulation techniques, Gallistel and Beagley (1971) found that rats choose stimulation at one hypothalamic site when hungry and at a different site when thirsty. Using functional imaging techniques Francis et al. (1999) found three different areas for pleasure of touch, taste ...
... rats. Also using self-stimulation techniques, Gallistel and Beagley (1971) found that rats choose stimulation at one hypothalamic site when hungry and at a different site when thirsty. Using functional imaging techniques Francis et al. (1999) found three different areas for pleasure of touch, taste ...
Power Point Slides for Chapter 5
... Classical Conditioning • Our understanding of classical conditioning has been subject to revision since Pavlov introduced the basic processes. • One principle that has emerged from this continued research is that the better the CS predicts the occurrence of the UCS, the stronger the conditioning wi ...
... Classical Conditioning • Our understanding of classical conditioning has been subject to revision since Pavlov introduced the basic processes. • One principle that has emerged from this continued research is that the better the CS predicts the occurrence of the UCS, the stronger the conditioning wi ...
The resting membrane potential - Lectures For UG-5
... axon hillock, an action potential will be generated at axon hillock. • The axon hillock has the lowest threshold in the neuron because this region has a much higher density of voltage gated Na+ channels than anywhere else in the neurons • Action potential originates at axon hillock ...
... axon hillock, an action potential will be generated at axon hillock. • The axon hillock has the lowest threshold in the neuron because this region has a much higher density of voltage gated Na+ channels than anywhere else in the neurons • Action potential originates at axon hillock ...
Functional Properties of Neurons in Middle Temporal Visual Area of
... be involved in the analysis of motion, it does not resolve the nature of the processing actually occurring within MT nor does it identify which specific aspects of motion analysis might be served. Motion analysis is a complex process and may be divided into distinct components such as motion detecti ...
... be involved in the analysis of motion, it does not resolve the nature of the processing actually occurring within MT nor does it identify which specific aspects of motion analysis might be served. Motion analysis is a complex process and may be divided into distinct components such as motion detecti ...
Psychological Review, 46, 553-65. A STIMULUS - s-f
... As early as 1903, Pavlov (10) expressed a point of view that bears a striking resemblance to the position taken by Freud in this connection. He said: “The importance of the remote signs (signals) of objects can be easily recognized in the movement reaction of the animal. By means of distant and even ...
... As early as 1903, Pavlov (10) expressed a point of view that bears a striking resemblance to the position taken by Freud in this connection. He said: “The importance of the remote signs (signals) of objects can be easily recognized in the movement reaction of the animal. By means of distant and even ...
AP Fall Final Test Bank 2014 2015
... In an experiment designed to determine whether watching violent scenes on television increases the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group saw a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, rese ...
... In an experiment designed to determine whether watching violent scenes on television increases the frequency of aggressive behavior in children, one group of subjects saw a nonviolent cartoon and another group saw a violent cartoon. In the play period that followed the viewing of the cartoons, rese ...
Overshadowing of explicitly unpaired conditioned inhibition is
... The present series of experiments was designed to explore the nature of the interaction between stimulus preexposure and overshadowing within a conditioned inhibition preparation. Specifically, we attempted to replicate the interaction of preexposure and overshadowing, using an explicitly unpaired c ...
... The present series of experiments was designed to explore the nature of the interaction between stimulus preexposure and overshadowing within a conditioned inhibition preparation. Specifically, we attempted to replicate the interaction of preexposure and overshadowing, using an explicitly unpaired c ...
1 Spiking Neurons
... These classical results show that the experimenter as an external observer can evaluate and classify neuronal firing by a spike count measure – but is this really the code used by neurons in the brain? In other words, is a neuron which receives signals from a sensory neuron only looking at and react ...
... These classical results show that the experimenter as an external observer can evaluate and classify neuronal firing by a spike count measure – but is this really the code used by neurons in the brain? In other words, is a neuron which receives signals from a sensory neuron only looking at and react ...
Maruska & Tricas 2009b
... the exception of silent units. The coefficient of variation (CV), which is a dimensionless ratio of standard deviation to mean interspike interval was also calculated for each unit to estimate relative variability in resting discharge patterns. Units with resting activity were classified as regular ...
... the exception of silent units. The coefficient of variation (CV), which is a dimensionless ratio of standard deviation to mean interspike interval was also calculated for each unit to estimate relative variability in resting discharge patterns. Units with resting activity were classified as regular ...
Reconciling simplicity and likelihood principles in perceptual
... input will be organized into the most probable distal object or event consistent with that input. The second, initiated by Wertheimer and developed by other Gestalt psychologists, advocates what Pomerantz and Kubovy (1986) call the simplicity principle: The perceptual system is viewed as finding the ...
... input will be organized into the most probable distal object or event consistent with that input. The second, initiated by Wertheimer and developed by other Gestalt psychologists, advocates what Pomerantz and Kubovy (1986) call the simplicity principle: The perceptual system is viewed as finding the ...
A November, 2003 paper on the Pavlovian roots of the approach
... psychological accounts of behavioral phenomena had to be formulated in terms of the (observable) connections between stimuli and responses. The main rationale underlying both the Watsonian and Skinnerian approaches is that they provide testable explanations. The validity of this rationale has been q ...
... psychological accounts of behavioral phenomena had to be formulated in terms of the (observable) connections between stimuli and responses. The main rationale underlying both the Watsonian and Skinnerian approaches is that they provide testable explanations. The validity of this rationale has been q ...
Strength–Duration Relationship for Extracellular Neural Stimulation
... the standard Hodgkin–Huxley (HH) model of a squid giant axon (Hodgkin and Huxley 1952) and a six-channel salamander retinal ganglion cell (RGC) model (Fohlmeister and Miller 1990). Three cell geometries were analyzed: an idealized planar cell with two uniformly polarized flat surfaces and more reali ...
... the standard Hodgkin–Huxley (HH) model of a squid giant axon (Hodgkin and Huxley 1952) and a six-channel salamander retinal ganglion cell (RGC) model (Fohlmeister and Miller 1990). Three cell geometries were analyzed: an idealized planar cell with two uniformly polarized flat surfaces and more reali ...