Conditioning: Simple Neural Circuits in the Honeybee
... the spontaneous activity fluctuations suffice to reconstruct the stimulus. It is concluded that these modifiable fluctuations could provide an ideal substrate for Hebbian reverberations and sensory memory in a neural system. It is important to note that all these associative and nonassociative chang ...
... the spontaneous activity fluctuations suffice to reconstruct the stimulus. It is concluded that these modifiable fluctuations could provide an ideal substrate for Hebbian reverberations and sensory memory in a neural system. It is important to note that all these associative and nonassociative chang ...
Temporal and spatial neural dynamics in the perception of basic
... sadness and happiness may involve a slower unfolding over time than that of fear or disgust (Fredrickson, 1998; Baumeister et al., 2001). Aside from its theoretical relevance, including the time element in our current understanding of emotions can also yield new discoveries about how emotions are re ...
... sadness and happiness may involve a slower unfolding over time than that of fear or disgust (Fredrickson, 1998; Baumeister et al., 2001). Aside from its theoretical relevance, including the time element in our current understanding of emotions can also yield new discoveries about how emotions are re ...
Power Shifts Track Serial Position and Modulate Encoding in
... In both humans and animals, the first events in a series exert a more powerful influence on behavior and cognition than do subsequent events. This law of primacy (Tulving 2007) is particularly striking in learning and memory tasks, where the first few items are better recalled and recognized than subse ...
... In both humans and animals, the first events in a series exert a more powerful influence on behavior and cognition than do subsequent events. This law of primacy (Tulving 2007) is particularly striking in learning and memory tasks, where the first few items are better recalled and recognized than subse ...
Cognitive Training Enhances Intrinsic Brain Connectivity in Childhood
... linking frontoparietal activity to working memory performance is that activity in these domain-general networks codes information about fluctuating task goals. During control-demanding tasks, long-range functional connections between frontoparietal networks and other cortical areas integrate this hi ...
... linking frontoparietal activity to working memory performance is that activity in these domain-general networks codes information about fluctuating task goals. During control-demanding tasks, long-range functional connections between frontoparietal networks and other cortical areas integrate this hi ...
Specialized Neurons, Their Characteristics And
... NCAS is not about artificial neurons; nor is it about artificial neural networks, or any other system of computerized simulation. Computerized simulation, even using the most powerful of computers, falls far short of accomplishing what most humans achieve effortlessly: Common sense, truth judgment, ...
... NCAS is not about artificial neurons; nor is it about artificial neural networks, or any other system of computerized simulation. Computerized simulation, even using the most powerful of computers, falls far short of accomplishing what most humans achieve effortlessly: Common sense, truth judgment, ...
What Are Emotional States, and Why Do We
... in emotional behaviour. The first is stimulus–reinforcer association learning; emotional states are produced as a result (Rolls, in press). This process is implemented in structures such as the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala (see Figures 2 and 3; Grabenhorst & Rolls, 2011; Rolls, in press; Rolls ...
... in emotional behaviour. The first is stimulus–reinforcer association learning; emotional states are produced as a result (Rolls, in press). This process is implemented in structures such as the orbitofrontal cortex and amygdala (see Figures 2 and 3; Grabenhorst & Rolls, 2011; Rolls, in press; Rolls ...
Cortical EEG correlates of successful memory encoding
... information. Thus, perceptual and conceptual features as well as contextual details and self-generated thoughts that pertain to the current episode need to be co-activated during encoding to give rise to new memories. 2.1. Studying successful memory encoding with the subsequent memory paradigm In ad ...
... information. Thus, perceptual and conceptual features as well as contextual details and self-generated thoughts that pertain to the current episode need to be co-activated during encoding to give rise to new memories. 2.1. Studying successful memory encoding with the subsequent memory paradigm In ad ...
Eyewitness Testimony - The Grange School Blogs
... In her research Loftus showed that memories can be affected by the wording of questions. A leading question is a question about an event that is phrased in such a way as to prompt a particular answer. Information is provided in the question (i.e. after the event) which may distort the accuracy of th ...
... In her research Loftus showed that memories can be affected by the wording of questions. A leading question is a question about an event that is phrased in such a way as to prompt a particular answer. Information is provided in the question (i.e. after the event) which may distort the accuracy of th ...
Overgeneralized autobiographical memory and future
... Time frame (recent/remote) was manipulated because previous work shows that past and future event phenomenology, such as personal significance and level of event detail, varies with temporal distance (Addis et al., 2007; D’Argembeau & van der Linden, 2004). Moreover, time frame was manipulated to add ...
... Time frame (recent/remote) was manipulated because previous work shows that past and future event phenomenology, such as personal significance and level of event detail, varies with temporal distance (Addis et al., 2007; D’Argembeau & van der Linden, 2004). Moreover, time frame was manipulated to add ...
Slides - Indiana University Bloomington
... in the CA1 neurons are shown in B. For a single stimulus, the amplitude of the EPSPs is plotted at 100%. When a train of stimuli is applied instead, the amplitude of the EPSPs augment to about 150%, whereas with 4 such trains, the amplitude increases to 250%. Many people think that long-term potenti ...
... in the CA1 neurons are shown in B. For a single stimulus, the amplitude of the EPSPs is plotted at 100%. When a train of stimuli is applied instead, the amplitude of the EPSPs augment to about 150%, whereas with 4 such trains, the amplitude increases to 250%. Many people think that long-term potenti ...
Speed, noise, information and the graded nature of neuronal
... states (here collectively called ‘stimuli’). Such measurements are becoming increasingly important, as the study of information processing in the brain begins to include quantitative analyses, and attempts to utilize theoretical models at a quantitative level. A most prominent correlate of the avera ...
... states (here collectively called ‘stimuli’). Such measurements are becoming increasingly important, as the study of information processing in the brain begins to include quantitative analyses, and attempts to utilize theoretical models at a quantitative level. A most prominent correlate of the avera ...
Brain Architecture for an Intelligent Stream of Consciousness
... referee is essential, including a processor that assigns priority to memory returns and then chooses the highest priority image to be gated into conscious STM. A basic recall referee is proposed in this book. Decisions are important to a successful life form, and are shown to be choices made mainly ...
... referee is essential, including a processor that assigns priority to memory returns and then chooses the highest priority image to be gated into conscious STM. A basic recall referee is proposed in this book. Decisions are important to a successful life form, and are shown to be choices made mainly ...
A neural support vector machine
... artificial neuron’s threshold function causes a similar behaviour. Liljenström (2003) describes a dynamical model of self-organized cortical oscillations. As a simplified model of stochastic switching we assert that each memory state has an endurance time Ti . Once a given memory pattern is triggere ...
... artificial neuron’s threshold function causes a similar behaviour. Liljenström (2003) describes a dynamical model of self-organized cortical oscillations. As a simplified model of stochastic switching we assert that each memory state has an endurance time Ti . Once a given memory pattern is triggere ...
Hippocampus duality: memory and novelty detection are subserved
... abstract pictures during an explicit encoding phase. The recognition phase took place after a 3 min delay. The patients were asked to say whether the stimulus presented was old or new. All stimuli were single-trial and consisted of abstract pictures which were difficult to verbalize. Participants un ...
... abstract pictures during an explicit encoding phase. The recognition phase took place after a 3 min delay. The patients were asked to say whether the stimulus presented was old or new. All stimuli were single-trial and consisted of abstract pictures which were difficult to verbalize. Participants un ...
Modeling Neural Mechanisms of Cognitive-Affective Interaction Abninder Litt () Chris Eliasmith ()
... A wide range of studies have implicated orbitofrontal cortex in the evaluation of the rewarding nature of stimuli (reviewed by Rolls, 2000). With myriad connections to primary and secondary sensory areas, it is well-placed to provide an integrative valuation of the rewarding or punishing nature of e ...
... A wide range of studies have implicated orbitofrontal cortex in the evaluation of the rewarding nature of stimuli (reviewed by Rolls, 2000). With myriad connections to primary and secondary sensory areas, it is well-placed to provide an integrative valuation of the rewarding or punishing nature of e ...
Uncinate Fasciculus
... • During a go/no-‐go task, neurons had differenOal responses to whether a sOmulus indicated reward • Reversing the sOmuli indicated that some neurons were linked to sensory features of sOmuli, some to th ...
... • During a go/no-‐go task, neurons had differenOal responses to whether a sOmulus indicated reward • Reversing the sOmuli indicated that some neurons were linked to sensory features of sOmuli, some to th ...
Brain rhythms in mental time travel
... search through one's past experience which yields a set of overt behavioral responses in the form of vocal report of the studied items. While much of memory search is behaviorally covert, reliable neural signals are produced which reflect the dynamics of the search and can reveal the influence of the ...
... search through one's past experience which yields a set of overt behavioral responses in the form of vocal report of the studied items. While much of memory search is behaviorally covert, reliable neural signals are produced which reflect the dynamics of the search and can reveal the influence of the ...
Classical Conditioning
... value that is not there! Physically the products are often made from the same materials, sometimes even in the same factory (footwear and clothing ...
... value that is not there! Physically the products are often made from the same materials, sometimes even in the same factory (footwear and clothing ...
Learning and Memory - Ionia County Intermediate School District
... 1. Fred has a fluffy down pillow with some of the down sticking out of the fabric. When he first tries out the pillow, a piece of down tickles his nose and he sneezes. This happens every time he goes to bed. Soon he sneezes every time he lays down on any kind of pillow. ...
... 1. Fred has a fluffy down pillow with some of the down sticking out of the fabric. When he first tries out the pillow, a piece of down tickles his nose and he sneezes. This happens every time he goes to bed. Soon he sneezes every time he lays down on any kind of pillow. ...
Limbic system – Emotional Experience
... as well as an appetitive (positive) conditioning. Individuals with larger amygdalae had larger and more complex social networks. Amygdala, Traumatic experiences and PTSD When we lose a battle, a match, or a job, the hippocampus is stimulated making sure we would remember the loss forever. The center ...
... as well as an appetitive (positive) conditioning. Individuals with larger amygdalae had larger and more complex social networks. Amygdala, Traumatic experiences and PTSD When we lose a battle, a match, or a job, the hippocampus is stimulated making sure we would remember the loss forever. The center ...
Neural basis of learning and memory
... perspective, but also biologically as they both involve and are influenced by many of the same neural mechanisms and processes. All memory involves neurological changes that occur as a result of learning. Memory is not a recorded ‘snapshot’ of an event but a neurological representation of the event. ...
... perspective, but also biologically as they both involve and are influenced by many of the same neural mechanisms and processes. All memory involves neurological changes that occur as a result of learning. Memory is not a recorded ‘snapshot’ of an event but a neurological representation of the event. ...
SYC=, Spri~g 1996, Quiz 1 FORM A True-False: Use A for T
... 2. Spalding found that chicks who were kept from seeing in the first few days after hatching were able to cope with the visual world. 3. It is inappropriate to say that a response rather than an organism is reinforced. 4. Historically, a major argument for the ineffectiveness of punishment was that ...
... 2. Spalding found that chicks who were kept from seeing in the first few days after hatching were able to cope with the visual world. 3. It is inappropriate to say that a response rather than an organism is reinforced. 4. Historically, a major argument for the ineffectiveness of punishment was that ...
Understanding the neurobiological mechanisms of
... different neurochemical processes underlie the formation of STM, ITM and LTM, respectively. This would make feasible according to Lashley’s hypothesis (1950) that some kinds of memory appeared to be formed faster to allow growth of neural connections (this would be the case for LTM) considering that ...
... different neurochemical processes underlie the formation of STM, ITM and LTM, respectively. This would make feasible according to Lashley’s hypothesis (1950) that some kinds of memory appeared to be formed faster to allow growth of neural connections (this would be the case for LTM) considering that ...
Semantic and episodic components of brand knowledge
... acquisition (Milner et al. 1998). Second, semantic and episodic memory systems are subject to different forms of biases and distortions (Schacter & Slotnick 2004). Episodic memory is a late-developing and earlydeteriorating memory system, more vulnerable than other memory systems to neuronal dysfunc ...
... acquisition (Milner et al. 1998). Second, semantic and episodic memory systems are subject to different forms of biases and distortions (Schacter & Slotnick 2004). Episodic memory is a late-developing and earlydeteriorating memory system, more vulnerable than other memory systems to neuronal dysfunc ...