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The case of KC: contributions of a memory
... The case of K.C. turned out to be one contributor to the eventual crumbling of the neat and tidy single-memory, single-locus model of amnesia. Today, there are as many puzzles surrounding memory impairment as there are surrounding “normal” memory. For instance, it is becoming increasingly clear that ...
... The case of K.C. turned out to be one contributor to the eventual crumbling of the neat and tidy single-memory, single-locus model of amnesia. Today, there are as many puzzles surrounding memory impairment as there are surrounding “normal” memory. For instance, it is becoming increasingly clear that ...
Selective cognitive dysfunction in acetylcholine M
... (d) Baseline activity (arbitrary units based on pixel change scored by computer) during the 4 min before the first shock on the first conditioning day is shown. M1 mutants did not differ from littermate controls. (e) Contextual memory was assessed by giving naive mice two tone–shock pairings after a ...
... (d) Baseline activity (arbitrary units based on pixel change scored by computer) during the 4 min before the first shock on the first conditioning day is shown. M1 mutants did not differ from littermate controls. (e) Contextual memory was assessed by giving naive mice two tone–shock pairings after a ...
The contribution of sleep to hippocampus
... ories, including procedural memory (e.g. mirror tracing) and the amygdala-dependent enhancement of emotional declarative memories, benefited particularly from periods of REM sleep-rich late sleep. But deviations from this dichotomy indicate that more features need consideration: for instance, in one ...
... ories, including procedural memory (e.g. mirror tracing) and the amygdala-dependent enhancement of emotional declarative memories, benefited particularly from periods of REM sleep-rich late sleep. But deviations from this dichotomy indicate that more features need consideration: for instance, in one ...
Methylphenidate Enhances Working Memory by Modulating
... agents (Arnsten and Goldman-Rakic, 1985) as well as electrophysiological measures (Bernardi et al., 1982) in the monkey have identified the lateral prefrontal cortex as a critical region by which these monoamine systems influence SWM processes. In addition, in humans, methylphenidate enhances perfor ...
... agents (Arnsten and Goldman-Rakic, 1985) as well as electrophysiological measures (Bernardi et al., 1982) in the monkey have identified the lateral prefrontal cortex as a critical region by which these monoamine systems influence SWM processes. In addition, in humans, methylphenidate enhances perfor ...
Synaptic reverberation underlying mnemonic persistent activity
... Fig. 1. Various scenarios for the anatomical substrate of excitatory reverberation in the cortex. (a) A closed thalamo–cortical loop and/or cortico–striato–thalamic–cortical circuit. In the latter case, cortical excitation of the caudate nucleus leads to an inhibition of the output from the cells of ...
... Fig. 1. Various scenarios for the anatomical substrate of excitatory reverberation in the cortex. (a) A closed thalamo–cortical loop and/or cortico–striato–thalamic–cortical circuit. In the latter case, cortical excitation of the caudate nucleus leads to an inhibition of the output from the cells of ...
Segmentation in the perception and memory of events
... using EEG indicate that perceptual processing is modulated at event boundaries on an ongoing basis. In one set of experiments [23], participants viewed movies of goaldirected activities while undergoing EEG recording, after which they segmented the movies into events. Evoked responses were detected ...
... using EEG indicate that perceptual processing is modulated at event boundaries on an ongoing basis. In one set of experiments [23], participants viewed movies of goaldirected activities while undergoing EEG recording, after which they segmented the movies into events. Evoked responses were detected ...
Circuits of emotion in the primate brain
... homologous structures across species may have been co-opted for new or species-specific purposes. Thus, even as we refer to core structures that are conserved across vertebrates, mammals, or primates, their functions may vary according to species-specific, ecological and ethological demands. The fir ...
... homologous structures across species may have been co-opted for new or species-specific purposes. Thus, even as we refer to core structures that are conserved across vertebrates, mammals, or primates, their functions may vary according to species-specific, ecological and ethological demands. The fir ...
Consumer Attitudes and Behaviors Part 2of 7
... Once this pairing is learned, the conditioned stimulus will lead to a conditional response that is identical to the unconditioned ...
... Once this pairing is learned, the conditioned stimulus will lead to a conditional response that is identical to the unconditioned ...
The retrieval of perceptual memory details depends on right
... peripheral to an event's main themes. In other words, they are unlikely to become part of a memory's gist which, according to Winocur and Moscovitch (Winocur & Moscovitch, 2011; Winocur et al., 2010), can be retained and accessed without involving the hippocampus. For these reasons, we propose that ...
... peripheral to an event's main themes. In other words, they are unlikely to become part of a memory's gist which, according to Winocur and Moscovitch (Winocur & Moscovitch, 2011; Winocur et al., 2010), can be retained and accessed without involving the hippocampus. For these reasons, we propose that ...
Towards understanding of the cortical network underlying
... These regions are reactivated during retrieval and contribute to the contents of a memory. Two different types of retrieval signals are suggested as follows: automatic and active. One flows backward from the medial temporal lobe during the automatic retrieval process, whereas the other is conveyed a ...
... These regions are reactivated during retrieval and contribute to the contents of a memory. Two different types of retrieval signals are suggested as follows: automatic and active. One flows backward from the medial temporal lobe during the automatic retrieval process, whereas the other is conveyed a ...
clinical assessment of dementia
... strategies that capture essential information. The average dementia assessment requires approximately one hour; however, this process can be broken into several segments. A careful examination is accurate in 90% of cases when performed by a knowledgeable clinician. The value of laboratory studies or ...
... strategies that capture essential information. The average dementia assessment requires approximately one hour; however, this process can be broken into several segments. A careful examination is accurate in 90% of cases when performed by a knowledgeable clinician. The value of laboratory studies or ...
Processing of complex stimuli and natural scenes in the visual cortex
... extensively studied and a diverse range of these have been described (see Allman et al. and Fitzpatrick [20,21] for a review). A recent study sought to classify these effects [22]. But instead of finding a unified picture of contextual effects, the authors came up with a different point of view: re ...
... extensively studied and a diverse range of these have been described (see Allman et al. and Fitzpatrick [20,21] for a review). A recent study sought to classify these effects [22]. But instead of finding a unified picture of contextual effects, the authors came up with a different point of view: re ...
The Role of Working Memory in Reading Disability
... tant study by Torgesen and Houck (1980), two level at the end of first grade. In a subsequent groups of learning disabled children were identified, only one of which had memory impairanalysis of these children, Jorm, Share, Maclean, and Matthews (1986) subdivided the children who ments. Further, the ...
... tant study by Torgesen and Houck (1980), two level at the end of first grade. In a subsequent groups of learning disabled children were identified, only one of which had memory impairanalysis of these children, Jorm, Share, Maclean, and Matthews (1986) subdivided the children who ments. Further, the ...
Student Presentation - UNM Computer Science
... These comparisons between artificial and natural automata result in one question: “Our artificial automata are much smaller than natural automata in what they do and in the number of components they have, and they’re phenomenally more expensive in terms of space and energy. Why is this so?” Von Neum ...
... These comparisons between artificial and natural automata result in one question: “Our artificial automata are much smaller than natural automata in what they do and in the number of components they have, and they’re phenomenally more expensive in terms of space and energy. Why is this so?” Von Neum ...
2-2
... • Explain Figure 7. What is the experimental paradigm? What is the objective of the experiment? What is the conclusion of the experimental results? How sound and color are cross-temporally integrated in frontal cortex? ...
... • Explain Figure 7. What is the experimental paradigm? What is the objective of the experiment? What is the conclusion of the experimental results? How sound and color are cross-temporally integrated in frontal cortex? ...
How the hippocampus preserves order: the role of
... the magnitude of this hippocampal subsequent memory effect has been shown to increase with the degree of spatiotemporal discontinuity between the studied representations [18]. Interestingly, the role of the hippocampus in bridging representations across time does not appear to be limited to episodic ...
... the magnitude of this hippocampal subsequent memory effect has been shown to increase with the degree of spatiotemporal discontinuity between the studied representations [18]. Interestingly, the role of the hippocampus in bridging representations across time does not appear to be limited to episodic ...
This article was originally published in the Encyclopedia of
... behavioral no-go response. Strikingly, when stimulation is applied during go trials in which the monkey should respond, the response is cancelled or delayed, concomitant with reduced electrical activity in the motor cortex. The strength of the suppressive effect depends on the stimulation timing, wi ...
... behavioral no-go response. Strikingly, when stimulation is applied during go trials in which the monkey should respond, the response is cancelled or delayed, concomitant with reduced electrical activity in the motor cortex. The strength of the suppressive effect depends on the stimulation timing, wi ...
Cortical Functions Reference
... in the cortex). It can also produce hemineglect, if it affects the non-dominant hemisphere. It could also reduce nociception, thermoception, and crude touch, but, since information from the spinothalamic tract is interpreted mainly by other areas of the brain (see insular cortex and cingulate gyrus) ...
... in the cortex). It can also produce hemineglect, if it affects the non-dominant hemisphere. It could also reduce nociception, thermoception, and crude touch, but, since information from the spinothalamic tract is interpreted mainly by other areas of the brain (see insular cortex and cingulate gyrus) ...
The parietal cortex and episodic memory: an
... Because patients with parietal lobe damage do not show retrograde or anterograde amnesia, few investigators have assessed memory in these patients. Thus, subtle episodic-memory deficits may have been overlooked. A recent study of the effects of parietal lobe damage on autobiographical memory and epi ...
... Because patients with parietal lobe damage do not show retrograde or anterograde amnesia, few investigators have assessed memory in these patients. Thus, subtle episodic-memory deficits may have been overlooked. A recent study of the effects of parietal lobe damage on autobiographical memory and epi ...
2) Classical Conditioning
... after a rest period, and this is called "Spontaneous Recovery". Pavlov concluded that the conditional reflex is not entirely lost during extinction, but possibly inhibited. In this state, the behavior can be recovered after the passage of time or the recurrence of the unconditional stimuli. ...
... after a rest period, and this is called "Spontaneous Recovery". Pavlov concluded that the conditional reflex is not entirely lost during extinction, but possibly inhibited. In this state, the behavior can be recovered after the passage of time or the recurrence of the unconditional stimuli. ...
Bayesian Retrieval In Associative Memories With Storage Errors
... framework for retrieval, we must first outline what is known about the power of existing associative memory models. Capacity results in this area are notoriously confusing, because many different measures of capacity have been employed in many different ways. Autoassociative memories only provide ne ...
... framework for retrieval, we must first outline what is known about the power of existing associative memory models. Capacity results in this area are notoriously confusing, because many different measures of capacity have been employed in many different ways. Autoassociative memories only provide ne ...
PowerPoint Slides - Portland State University
... • State space analysis and synthesis of vocalizations to aid in stimulus design • Comparison of neural responses from both a spike rate and spike timing perspective • Improved methods for creating input>output models of individual neurons provided the pure tone responses of these neurons – Used to a ...
... • State space analysis and synthesis of vocalizations to aid in stimulus design • Comparison of neural responses from both a spike rate and spike timing perspective • Improved methods for creating input>output models of individual neurons provided the pure tone responses of these neurons – Used to a ...
The ventral striatum in goal-directed behavior and - UvA-DARE
... of multiple interconnected brain structures, some level of anatomical distinction can be justified as the circuitries underlying different types of learning consist of different subsets of brain structures. The formation and retrieval of declarative memories require at least ...
... of multiple interconnected brain structures, some level of anatomical distinction can be justified as the circuitries underlying different types of learning consist of different subsets of brain structures. The formation and retrieval of declarative memories require at least ...
Distinct neuroanatomical bases of episodic and semantic memory
... & Probst, 2008), suggesting that cognitive functions associated with the PRC may be additionally important for the early detection of AD. The PRC receives dense inputs from the visual object processing stream and also information from unimodal and polymodal sensory areas (Suzuki & Amaral, 1994). Res ...
... & Probst, 2008), suggesting that cognitive functions associated with the PRC may be additionally important for the early detection of AD. The PRC receives dense inputs from the visual object processing stream and also information from unimodal and polymodal sensory areas (Suzuki & Amaral, 1994). Res ...
Principle of Superposition-free Memory - Deep Blue
... respond to their calls and do so before too many receptors lose their conformation and before fixation wears off, the memory will be maintained indefinitely. In principle intracellular potentials could also be used for reloading. If the brain is cooled to extremely low temperatures the receptor conf ...
... respond to their calls and do so before too many receptors lose their conformation and before fixation wears off, the memory will be maintained indefinitely. In principle intracellular potentials could also be used for reloading. If the brain is cooled to extremely low temperatures the receptor conf ...