Chapter 7 Review Name: Date: Question Answer Process that
... Process that occurs in the cytoplasm in the absence of oxygen; Glucose is converted to pyruvic acid; ATP and NADH are also produced ...
... Process that occurs in the cytoplasm in the absence of oxygen; Glucose is converted to pyruvic acid; ATP and NADH are also produced ...
Exam 3
... Bonus: (5 pts) How many protons are transferred into the intermembrane space of a mitochondria when one molecule of lactate is fully processed through the citric acid cycle? Give a full and clear accounting of your thought process to receive any credit. (Assume that any cytosolic NADH produced go t ...
... Bonus: (5 pts) How many protons are transferred into the intermembrane space of a mitochondria when one molecule of lactate is fully processed through the citric acid cycle? Give a full and clear accounting of your thought process to receive any credit. (Assume that any cytosolic NADH produced go t ...
Study guide for Midterm 3.
... d. Uses NADPH as reactant e. Uses FADH2 as reactant f. Uses NAD+ as reactant g. Uses NADP+ as reactant h. Uses FAD as reactant ...
... d. Uses NADPH as reactant e. Uses FADH2 as reactant f. Uses NAD+ as reactant g. Uses NADP+ as reactant h. Uses FAD as reactant ...
Exam 4, 2015 - Biochemistry at CSU, Stanislaus
... 14. (24 points) Describe how liver cells are controlled so that glycolysis and gluconeogenesis do not occur simultaneously in the liver. Give specific details about the regulation by insulin and glucagon. Give specific details about the reactions that are regulated. What enzyme, how is it regulated? ...
... 14. (24 points) Describe how liver cells are controlled so that glycolysis and gluconeogenesis do not occur simultaneously in the liver. Give specific details about the regulation by insulin and glucagon. Give specific details about the reactions that are regulated. What enzyme, how is it regulated? ...
Catabolic Pathways and Glycolysis
... Catabolic Pathways and Glycolysis • The ability to do that work depends on catabolic process that harvest the potential energy found in organic molecules. The 2 catabolic processes that occur in organisms are fermentation (breakdown without O2)and cellular respiration (breakdown with O2). ...
... Catabolic Pathways and Glycolysis • The ability to do that work depends on catabolic process that harvest the potential energy found in organic molecules. The 2 catabolic processes that occur in organisms are fermentation (breakdown without O2)and cellular respiration (breakdown with O2). ...
Cellular Respiration
... • The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate into lactic acid and converts NADH into NAD+. • Usually blood can remove the lactate, however if this does not happen muscle fatigue results. ...
... • The enzyme lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate into lactic acid and converts NADH into NAD+. • Usually blood can remove the lactate, however if this does not happen muscle fatigue results. ...
Biochemical Systems Handout All living cells need energy to
... take place. In humans this energy is obtained by breaking down organic molecules such as carbohydrates, fats and proteins. When the previous substances are broken down at molecular level, bonds breaking and forming between the atoms in the molecules release or require energy. The biochemical reactio ...
... take place. In humans this energy is obtained by breaking down organic molecules such as carbohydrates, fats and proteins. When the previous substances are broken down at molecular level, bonds breaking and forming between the atoms in the molecules release or require energy. The biochemical reactio ...
CHAPTER 2 The Chemistry of Living Things
... • What are the electron carrying coenzymes that are modified during glycolysis and what is their relevance to cellular respiration? • In the presence of oxygen how many of each of the reduced coenzymes are produced (per glucose)? • With oxygen the carbons from the original glucose exit glycolysis a ...
... • What are the electron carrying coenzymes that are modified during glycolysis and what is their relevance to cellular respiration? • In the presence of oxygen how many of each of the reduced coenzymes are produced (per glucose)? • With oxygen the carbons from the original glucose exit glycolysis a ...
1. Organisms that synthesize organic molecules from inorganic
... c) to carry energized electrons for later chemical reactions d) to generate two molecules of energy rich ATP 5. What is the total number of molecules of ATP yielded per glucose molecule directly by glycolysis? a) 4 b) 2 c) 6 d) 1 ...
... c) to carry energized electrons for later chemical reactions d) to generate two molecules of energy rich ATP 5. What is the total number of molecules of ATP yielded per glucose molecule directly by glycolysis? a) 4 b) 2 c) 6 d) 1 ...
Metabolism of fats and proteins
... of one glucose to two pyruvate molecules? • How many ATP are utilized to break down one glucose molecule into two pyruvate ...
... of one glucose to two pyruvate molecules? • How many ATP are utilized to break down one glucose molecule into two pyruvate ...
Final Review
... 7. ATP is the molecule most often used for energy transport because The hydrolysis of the third phosphate releases a significant amount of energy and is slow except in the presence of an enzyme. 8. Which statement concerning coenzymes and redox reactions is incorrect? Explain. A. Oxidation can be co ...
... 7. ATP is the molecule most often used for energy transport because The hydrolysis of the third phosphate releases a significant amount of energy and is slow except in the presence of an enzyme. 8. Which statement concerning coenzymes and redox reactions is incorrect? Explain. A. Oxidation can be co ...
Chem 2B
... 7. ATP is the molecule most often used for energy transport because The hydrolysis of the third phosphate releases a significant amount of energy and is slow except in the presence of an enzyme. 8. Which statement concerning coenzymes and redox reactions is incorrect? Explain. A. Oxidation can be co ...
... 7. ATP is the molecule most often used for energy transport because The hydrolysis of the third phosphate releases a significant amount of energy and is slow except in the presence of an enzyme. 8. Which statement concerning coenzymes and redox reactions is incorrect? Explain. A. Oxidation can be co ...
C483 Final Exam Study Guide The final will be held in CH 001 at 8
... molecule that you store in your liver. Circle the pathways/cycles below that are part of this overall transformation. Cross out any that are not. Gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, citric acid cycle B. Trace the metabolic path of this glutamate molecule throu ...
... molecule that you store in your liver. Circle the pathways/cycles below that are part of this overall transformation. Cross out any that are not. Gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, citric acid cycle B. Trace the metabolic path of this glutamate molecule throu ...
Slide 1
... metabolized to generate energy. Many carbohydrates can be broken down in glycolysis and enter the Krebs Cycle. Proteins can be broken down into amino acids and those can be deaminated and the carbon chains feed into the Krebs Cycle. The very long carbon chains of fatty acids can be chopped into two ...
... metabolized to generate energy. Many carbohydrates can be broken down in glycolysis and enter the Krebs Cycle. Proteins can be broken down into amino acids and those can be deaminated and the carbon chains feed into the Krebs Cycle. The very long carbon chains of fatty acids can be chopped into two ...
Photosynthesis
... Step 4: Hydrogen is trapped by NADP Step 5: Oxygen is released to atmosphere when water is split ...
... Step 4: Hydrogen is trapped by NADP Step 5: Oxygen is released to atmosphere when water is split ...
Biology Name_____________________________________
... 8. Put the following events of Glycolysis in order that they occur: a. Two 3-carbon molecules called PGAL are formed b. Two molecules of pyruvic acid are produced. c. An ADP is transformed into an ATP d. An ATP is used to provide energy. e. NAD+ is transformed into NADH 9. What is the difference be ...
... 8. Put the following events of Glycolysis in order that they occur: a. Two 3-carbon molecules called PGAL are formed b. Two molecules of pyruvic acid are produced. c. An ADP is transformed into an ATP d. An ATP is used to provide energy. e. NAD+ is transformed into NADH 9. What is the difference be ...
notes for cell resp - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
... 3. Eukaryotes- glycolysis- outside mitochondria, rest associated with matrix or plasma membrane of mitochondria. 4. Prokaryotes- steps occur either in the cytosol or inner surface of the plasma membrane C. If oxygen is not present 1. Glycolysis 2. Fermentation lactic acid and carbon dioxide III. G ...
... 3. Eukaryotes- glycolysis- outside mitochondria, rest associated with matrix or plasma membrane of mitochondria. 4. Prokaryotes- steps occur either in the cytosol or inner surface of the plasma membrane C. If oxygen is not present 1. Glycolysis 2. Fermentation lactic acid and carbon dioxide III. G ...
3. GLYCOLYSIS
... up into mitochondria, and after conversion to acety-CoA is oxidized to CO2 by the citric acid cycle. • The reducing equivalents from the NADH+H+ formed in glycolysis are taken up into mitochontria for oxidation. ...
... up into mitochondria, and after conversion to acety-CoA is oxidized to CO2 by the citric acid cycle. • The reducing equivalents from the NADH+H+ formed in glycolysis are taken up into mitochontria for oxidation. ...
BIOL 100 Quiz 2 The four major classes of biological molecules
... 14. What role do hydrogen ions (H+) play in the electron transport chain? A) They add phosphates onto ADP to form ATP B) They are pumped across the mitochondrial inner membrane against their concentration gradient (to where their concentration is high); as the H+ ions flow back to where their concen ...
... 14. What role do hydrogen ions (H+) play in the electron transport chain? A) They add phosphates onto ADP to form ATP B) They are pumped across the mitochondrial inner membrane against their concentration gradient (to where their concentration is high); as the H+ ions flow back to where their concen ...
Lecture 3 - Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis 1 2 3 4
... Pyruvic acid is more oxidized than glucose The energy released from the oxidation is used to create 2 molecules of ATP from 2 ADP and 2 Pi This is an anaerobic process. Under anaerobic conditions the pyruvic acid can be fermented to lactic acid or to ethanol plus CO2. Under aerobic conditions, gluco ...
... Pyruvic acid is more oxidized than glucose The energy released from the oxidation is used to create 2 molecules of ATP from 2 ADP and 2 Pi This is an anaerobic process. Under anaerobic conditions the pyruvic acid can be fermented to lactic acid or to ethanol plus CO2. Under aerobic conditions, gluco ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑