Name - Northern Highlands
... a. breaking down toxic molecules. b. making food. c. making ATP that powers cellular metabolism. ...
... a. breaking down toxic molecules. b. making food. c. making ATP that powers cellular metabolism. ...
Cell Respiration Notes (Honors)
... modified before the citric acid cycle begins. These new molecules are broken down to form ATP and CO2. One ATP per cycle is produced, two cycles occur per glucose molecule – therefore 2 ATP’s are produced by Krebs Cycle. *Also generates high energy electrons carried by NADH and FADH2. ...
... modified before the citric acid cycle begins. These new molecules are broken down to form ATP and CO2. One ATP per cycle is produced, two cycles occur per glucose molecule – therefore 2 ATP’s are produced by Krebs Cycle. *Also generates high energy electrons carried by NADH and FADH2. ...
Energy metabolism - Donald Edward Winslow
... A closed system does not exchange energy or matter with anything outside it. ...
... A closed system does not exchange energy or matter with anything outside it. ...
GLYCOLYSIS
... Glycolysis Control – Muscle Cell • Phosphofructokinase • Most important regulator in Glycolysis • ATP binds to an allosteric (Greek: other object) site on the enzyme • AMP competes for the site with ATP; AMP has no inhibitory effect • When ATP/AMP ratio lowered → increases enzyme activity • Also in ...
... Glycolysis Control – Muscle Cell • Phosphofructokinase • Most important regulator in Glycolysis • ATP binds to an allosteric (Greek: other object) site on the enzyme • AMP competes for the site with ATP; AMP has no inhibitory effect • When ATP/AMP ratio lowered → increases enzyme activity • Also in ...
Complete breakdown of Glucose:
... 2) Fermentation: Process for regenerating NAD+ for glycolysis • Occurs in organisms which live where oxygen is rare ...
... 2) Fermentation: Process for regenerating NAD+ for glycolysis • Occurs in organisms which live where oxygen is rare ...
Aerobic Respiration - Weber State University
... route in the ETC and don’t build as large as proton gradient by the time they get to O2. Because the ATP yield is down, these plants release more heat. These plants are called thermogenic. They can raise the temperature in their microenvironment as much as 10oC. This temperature increase volatilizes ...
... route in the ETC and don’t build as large as proton gradient by the time they get to O2. Because the ATP yield is down, these plants release more heat. These plants are called thermogenic. They can raise the temperature in their microenvironment as much as 10oC. This temperature increase volatilizes ...
Cellular Respiration
... Nothing happens in the mitochondria because there is no oxygen Electron carriers that were reduced in glycolysis are oxidized in fermentation so that they can return to glycolysis process ...
... Nothing happens in the mitochondria because there is no oxygen Electron carriers that were reduced in glycolysis are oxidized in fermentation so that they can return to glycolysis process ...
How do they (or we) use the glucose?
... Cell Respiration - Two types - Anaerobic respiration: O2 not needed; - done by yeast, certain bacteria, exhausted muscle cells of animals - produces 2 ATP per glucose - Two steps: - glycolysis - fermentation: alcohol or lactic acid ...
... Cell Respiration - Two types - Anaerobic respiration: O2 not needed; - done by yeast, certain bacteria, exhausted muscle cells of animals - produces 2 ATP per glucose - Two steps: - glycolysis - fermentation: alcohol or lactic acid ...
Oct 31: Biology Homework
... Answer the following questions from page 164 (questions 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5) 1. Explain why biological reactions that are exergonic require an enzyme only, but endergonic reactions require an enzyme and ATP? 2. Compare the relative potential energies of reactants and products in endergonic reactions with ...
... Answer the following questions from page 164 (questions 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5) 1. Explain why biological reactions that are exergonic require an enzyme only, but endergonic reactions require an enzyme and ATP? 2. Compare the relative potential energies of reactants and products in endergonic reactions with ...
Study Guide
... Phases of Glycolysis, products of Glycolysis, net yields of energy molecules – location of pathway Role of NAD+, NADH, FAD, FADH2 as electron carriers (redox reactions) Pyruvate oxidation under aerobic conditions, pyruvate fermentation under anaerobic conditions – net yields of important energy mole ...
... Phases of Glycolysis, products of Glycolysis, net yields of energy molecules – location of pathway Role of NAD+, NADH, FAD, FADH2 as electron carriers (redox reactions) Pyruvate oxidation under aerobic conditions, pyruvate fermentation under anaerobic conditions – net yields of important energy mole ...
Cellular Respiration notes
... • Adenosine Triphosphate is the energy currency in living organisms • It cannot be stored-instead glucose is stored and converted as the body needs it. This conversion is called cellular respiration • When ATP is made, it then can be released and used by the cells in functions such as making protein ...
... • Adenosine Triphosphate is the energy currency in living organisms • It cannot be stored-instead glucose is stored and converted as the body needs it. This conversion is called cellular respiration • When ATP is made, it then can be released and used by the cells in functions such as making protein ...
Cellular Respiration Chapter 9
... Lactic Acid build-up causes muscle soreness or burning after intense activity. Pyruvic Acid + NADH lactic acid + NAD+ ...
... Lactic Acid build-up causes muscle soreness or burning after intense activity. Pyruvic Acid + NADH lactic acid + NAD+ ...
Metabolic Processes Unit
... Energy of reactions (What kind of reactions are spontaneous at all temperatures?) ...
... Energy of reactions (What kind of reactions are spontaneous at all temperatures?) ...
2-4_EnergyProd_FabinyiB
... contains enzyme complexes, that are part of the oxidative phosphorylation, and transport proteins. It has a restricted permeability, highly regulated, that doesn’t even allow ions to pass through. The matrix contains proteins, enzymes and mitochondrial DNA. The citric acid cycle, the beta-oxidation ...
... contains enzyme complexes, that are part of the oxidative phosphorylation, and transport proteins. It has a restricted permeability, highly regulated, that doesn’t even allow ions to pass through. The matrix contains proteins, enzymes and mitochondrial DNA. The citric acid cycle, the beta-oxidation ...
Name - wvhs.wlwv.k12.or.us
... 7) What is the energy content of ATP relative to that of glucose? 8) What produces the “high energy” nature of ATP? 9) What happens when a molecule becomes phosphorylated? 10) What are the three stages of cellular respiration? ...
... 7) What is the energy content of ATP relative to that of glucose? 8) What produces the “high energy” nature of ATP? 9) What happens when a molecule becomes phosphorylated? 10) What are the three stages of cellular respiration? ...
ch3b_SP13x
... – Yield raw materials (amino acids, etc) and chemical energy (NADH, ATP) – Convergent: diverse starting materials broken down to conserved set of ...
... – Yield raw materials (amino acids, etc) and chemical energy (NADH, ATP) – Convergent: diverse starting materials broken down to conserved set of ...
Respiration.review.guide.2012.2013w.answers
... 20. Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce __CO2______ and ____H2O_____ along with ATP. 21.Write the equation for cellular respiration and photosynthesis. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ------------ 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light --------- C6H12O6 + 6O2 22. Electron carriers called __NADH____ ...
... 20. Cellular respiration uses glucose and oxygen to produce __CO2______ and ____H2O_____ along with ATP. 21.Write the equation for cellular respiration and photosynthesis. C6H12O6 + 6O2 ------------ 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP 6CO2 + 6H2O + Light --------- C6H12O6 + 6O2 22. Electron carriers called __NADH____ ...
Study Guide
... a. acetyl CoA. b. pyruvic acid. c. oxaloacetic acid. d. citric acid. _____ 2. The starting substance of the Krebs cycle, which is regenerated at the end of the cycle, is a. acetyl CoA. b. pyruvic acid. c. oxaloacetic acid. d. citric acid. _____ 3. The Krebs cycle a. produces two molecules CO2. b. pr ...
... a. acetyl CoA. b. pyruvic acid. c. oxaloacetic acid. d. citric acid. _____ 2. The starting substance of the Krebs cycle, which is regenerated at the end of the cycle, is a. acetyl CoA. b. pyruvic acid. c. oxaloacetic acid. d. citric acid. _____ 3. The Krebs cycle a. produces two molecules CO2. b. pr ...
word
... Describe basic process – what starts, what ATP needed, what ending and what energy yield Two phases: preparation, and energy generating; what compartment in cell? Critical enzymes: hexokinase (glucokinase in liver), phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1), pyruvate kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and regulati ...
... Describe basic process – what starts, what ATP needed, what ending and what energy yield Two phases: preparation, and energy generating; what compartment in cell? Critical enzymes: hexokinase (glucokinase in liver), phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1), pyruvate kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase, and regulati ...
Chem 150 quiz #6
... 10. Will the coupled reaction using the two reactions below be spontaneous or nonspontaneous? ATP + H2O ----> ADP + Pi Glucose + Pi ----> Glucose-6-Pi + H2O a. spontaneous ...
... 10. Will the coupled reaction using the two reactions below be spontaneous or nonspontaneous? ATP + H2O ----> ADP + Pi Glucose + Pi ----> Glucose-6-Pi + H2O a. spontaneous ...
Chapter 9 Study Guide
... c. Fats, because they are highly reduced compounds. d. Proteins, because the energy stored in their tertiary structure. e. Amino acids, because they can be fed directly into the Krebs cycle. ______23. Fats and proteins can be used as fuel in the cell because they, a. can be converted to glucose by e ...
... c. Fats, because they are highly reduced compounds. d. Proteins, because the energy stored in their tertiary structure. e. Amino acids, because they can be fed directly into the Krebs cycle. ______23. Fats and proteins can be used as fuel in the cell because they, a. can be converted to glucose by e ...
Chapter 3: Energy, Catalysis, and Biosynthesis
... storage molecule breaks down into glucose 1-phosphate, which enters the ...
... storage molecule breaks down into glucose 1-phosphate, which enters the ...
Document
... • Maintenance of high energy bond • Acetyl CoA product is made • Lipoamide still reduced—not catalytically viable at this point ...
... • Maintenance of high energy bond • Acetyl CoA product is made • Lipoamide still reduced—not catalytically viable at this point ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑