Midterm Exam Key
... substrate 43) __false___ All enzymes begin to exhibit a saturation effect at a substrate concentration that equals Km saturation effect is evident at very high substrate concentrations 44) __true___ The centrosome is the major microtubule organizing center in cells ...
... substrate 43) __false___ All enzymes begin to exhibit a saturation effect at a substrate concentration that equals Km saturation effect is evident at very high substrate concentrations 44) __true___ The centrosome is the major microtubule organizing center in cells ...
3+4 - Using Other Fuels
... • Fatty acids contain far more Hydrogen than Glucose • This means far more ATP is produced ...
... • Fatty acids contain far more Hydrogen than Glucose • This means far more ATP is produced ...
Answer Key 2 - UC Davis Plant Sciences
... c) Two groups of experimental rats were fed two different fatty acids as the sole source of carbon for about one month. The first group was fed with heptanoic acid (a “7:0 fatty acid”), and the second group received octanoic acid (an “8:0 fatty acid”). After the experiment, rats of both groups were ...
... c) Two groups of experimental rats were fed two different fatty acids as the sole source of carbon for about one month. The first group was fed with heptanoic acid (a “7:0 fatty acid”), and the second group received octanoic acid (an “8:0 fatty acid”). After the experiment, rats of both groups were ...
04_Sports_training
... primarily the conversion of macronutrients-carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which contain chemical energy. Energy emerges with the decomposition of high-energy bonds in such macronutrients which release energy needed to carry out mechanic ...
... primarily the conversion of macronutrients-carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which contain chemical energy. Energy emerges with the decomposition of high-energy bonds in such macronutrients which release energy needed to carry out mechanic ...
Cellular Energy Part II - Effingham County Schools
... A. Two types- Lactic Acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation 1. ______________________ - produces alcohol; Bacteria and yeast eat sugar and release alcohol as waste. Used to make bread, yogurt, cheese, pickles, beer, and wine. Fermentation is what gives some foods their unique flavor. C6H12O6 ...
... A. Two types- Lactic Acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation 1. ______________________ - produces alcohol; Bacteria and yeast eat sugar and release alcohol as waste. Used to make bread, yogurt, cheese, pickles, beer, and wine. Fermentation is what gives some foods their unique flavor. C6H12O6 ...
4 ADP + 4 Pi are converted to 2 ATP to produce a net gain of 2 ATP
... 2. Begins with citrate and end in the formation of succinly CO-A: acetyl carrier portion of citrate loses two carbons when oxidized to CO2. 3. Convert succinyl-Co back to oxaloacetate, the acetyl carrier, so that it can pick up another acetyl group. The TCA cycle consists of a set of 8 enzymes that ...
... 2. Begins with citrate and end in the formation of succinly CO-A: acetyl carrier portion of citrate loses two carbons when oxidized to CO2. 3. Convert succinyl-Co back to oxaloacetate, the acetyl carrier, so that it can pick up another acetyl group. The TCA cycle consists of a set of 8 enzymes that ...
Chapter 8 Exam Review
... Fill in the blank/True or False/short answer 4. Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria. True or False? 5. The Citric Acid Cycle takes place in the Mitochondria. True or False? 6. The preparatory reaction takes place across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. True or false? 7. The Electron Transpo ...
... Fill in the blank/True or False/short answer 4. Glycolysis occurs in the mitochondria. True or False? 5. The Citric Acid Cycle takes place in the Mitochondria. True or False? 6. The preparatory reaction takes place across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. True or false? 7. The Electron Transpo ...
NoB1ch03QUICKcheck-ed
... What feature of enzymes controls which substrate they act on? The feature of an enzyme that controls which substrate it can act on is the shape of the active site of the enzyme molecule. Only compounds that include a region with a shape complementary to the shape of the active site can be substrates ...
... What feature of enzymes controls which substrate they act on? The feature of an enzyme that controls which substrate it can act on is the shape of the active site of the enzyme molecule. Only compounds that include a region with a shape complementary to the shape of the active site can be substrates ...
File
... 27. An organism cannot survive without catabolic pathways because A) the excess free energy causes instability ...
... 27. An organism cannot survive without catabolic pathways because A) the excess free energy causes instability ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... 1. Reversible reaction means that the same enzyme can catalyzes the reaction in both directions. ...
... 1. Reversible reaction means that the same enzyme can catalyzes the reaction in both directions. ...
Biochemistry Lecture 16
... • Through CH3 of acetyl • Transient intermediate: citroyl CoA – Energy rel’d from cleavage acetylCoA • Why? What grps impt to exergonic rxn ...
... • Through CH3 of acetyl • Transient intermediate: citroyl CoA – Energy rel’d from cleavage acetylCoA • Why? What grps impt to exergonic rxn ...
EXAM2
... “You’ll find me in the mitochondria and cytosol. I am not very big, but my function is extensive. I am one of the big four in a major pathway and I have 4 carbons. I play a prominent role in C4 plants. You may say that I catch CO2, but that is wrong. Some consider me the great communicator. I even h ...
... “You’ll find me in the mitochondria and cytosol. I am not very big, but my function is extensive. I am one of the big four in a major pathway and I have 4 carbons. I play a prominent role in C4 plants. You may say that I catch CO2, but that is wrong. Some consider me the great communicator. I even h ...
Objectives 7
... - Energy is stored as glycogen (carbohydrates), protein (amino acids) or triacylglyercols (fatty acids) - The four circulating fuels are glucose (most important), lactate, free fatty acids, and ketone bodies; these provide fuel in response to specific physiological conditions - In fed and early star ...
... - Energy is stored as glycogen (carbohydrates), protein (amino acids) or triacylglyercols (fatty acids) - The four circulating fuels are glucose (most important), lactate, free fatty acids, and ketone bodies; these provide fuel in response to specific physiological conditions - In fed and early star ...
Teaching metabolic pathways
... compounds. Stryer6 points out that in glycolysis, the C6 compounds are all derivatives of either glucose or fructose. The Ca compounds are all derivatives of either dihydroxyacetone, glyceraidehyde, glycerate or pyruvate. Furthermore, the substrates and products of each reaction are derivatives of e ...
... compounds. Stryer6 points out that in glycolysis, the C6 compounds are all derivatives of either glucose or fructose. The Ca compounds are all derivatives of either dihydroxyacetone, glyceraidehyde, glycerate or pyruvate. Furthermore, the substrates and products of each reaction are derivatives of e ...
Bio Respiration 2009 Yingxin
... O Energy from this process forces protons to move, against conc gradient, from mitochondrial matrix into space between two membranes ...
... O Energy from this process forces protons to move, against conc gradient, from mitochondrial matrix into space between two membranes ...
General Chemistry 110 Quiz 1
... Discuss a topic of your choice from metabolism that is unrelated to your previous answers. Give at least three main points. Don’t make your answer too general. (15 points) ...
... Discuss a topic of your choice from metabolism that is unrelated to your previous answers. Give at least three main points. Don’t make your answer too general. (15 points) ...
Nobel Prizes 1907 Eduard Buchner, cell
... Nobel Prizes 1907 Eduard Buchner, cell-free fermentation chem.1915 Richard M. Willstätter, researches on plant pigments, esp. chl.1918 Fritz Haber, synthesis of ammonia from its elements, chem.1922 Archibald Vivian Hill, production of heat/lactic in muscle;1923 Frederick Grant Banting , discovery of ...
... Nobel Prizes 1907 Eduard Buchner, cell-free fermentation chem.1915 Richard M. Willstätter, researches on plant pigments, esp. chl.1918 Fritz Haber, synthesis of ammonia from its elements, chem.1922 Archibald Vivian Hill, production of heat/lactic in muscle;1923 Frederick Grant Banting , discovery of ...
Chapter 6
... – NADH and FADH2 and the inner membrane of the mitochondria are also involved – A H+ ion gradient formed from all of the redox reactions of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle provide energy for the synthesis of ATP ...
... – NADH and FADH2 and the inner membrane of the mitochondria are also involved – A H+ ion gradient formed from all of the redox reactions of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle provide energy for the synthesis of ATP ...
Biosynthesis of non-amino acids from amino acid precursors
... lower Km than for degrative enzyme. Insure proteins made before AA are degraded for energy storage. High levels activate first enzyme of pathway ...
... lower Km than for degrative enzyme. Insure proteins made before AA are degraded for energy storage. High levels activate first enzyme of pathway ...
8/27 Organic Chemistry
... • Chemical formula = [CH2O]N (multiples of CH2O) • e.g., C6H12O6 = glucose • Carbohydrates have many functions • Structural components of molecules (e.g., DNA, RNA), cells and tissues – cellulose is the most abundant organic substance on earth – we cannot digest it, but it is an important part of ou ...
... • Chemical formula = [CH2O]N (multiples of CH2O) • e.g., C6H12O6 = glucose • Carbohydrates have many functions • Structural components of molecules (e.g., DNA, RNA), cells and tissues – cellulose is the most abundant organic substance on earth – we cannot digest it, but it is an important part of ou ...
pruitt_ppt_ch10
... – Metabolic pathways in which cells harvest the energy from the metabolism of food molecules – Occurs in three stages • Glycolysis • Krebs Cycle • Electron Transport Chain ...
... – Metabolic pathways in which cells harvest the energy from the metabolism of food molecules – Occurs in three stages • Glycolysis • Krebs Cycle • Electron Transport Chain ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑