Metabolic Fate of Glucose Metabolic Fate of Fatty Acids
... fuel. It prefers fatty acids and α-keto acids as a source of energy for its activities. • After absorption by the intestine, dietary fuel’s first destination is the liver. The liver is able to gauge fuel availability and adjust its metabolism to regulate the level of various metabolites in the blood ...
... fuel. It prefers fatty acids and α-keto acids as a source of energy for its activities. • After absorption by the intestine, dietary fuel’s first destination is the liver. The liver is able to gauge fuel availability and adjust its metabolism to regulate the level of various metabolites in the blood ...
Cellular Respiration
... • When glucose is converted to carbon dioxide – It loses hydrogen atoms, which are added to oxygen, producing water ...
... • When glucose is converted to carbon dioxide – It loses hydrogen atoms, which are added to oxygen, producing water ...
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O Glucose is oxidized, oxygen is reduced, and electrons loose potential energy. Cellular respiration does not oxidize glucose in a single step that transfers all the hydrogen in the fuel to oxygen at one time. Rather, glucose and other fuels are broken down gradually in a ...
... C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O Glucose is oxidized, oxygen is reduced, and electrons loose potential energy. Cellular respiration does not oxidize glucose in a single step that transfers all the hydrogen in the fuel to oxygen at one time. Rather, glucose and other fuels are broken down gradually in a ...
1. A. Name each enzyme present in the citric acid cycle and specify
... serves to carry H from a donor to an acceptor in a reaction catalyzed by a single enzyme. B. In "designing" a metabolic pathway you find it necessary to extend a carbon chain by 1 carbon atom. Would you select an enzyme which uses thiamin pyrophosphate as prosthetic group or one that uses biotin? Wh ...
... serves to carry H from a donor to an acceptor in a reaction catalyzed by a single enzyme. B. In "designing" a metabolic pathway you find it necessary to extend a carbon chain by 1 carbon atom. Would you select an enzyme which uses thiamin pyrophosphate as prosthetic group or one that uses biotin? Wh ...
Ch.05The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
... (b) Cellulose: 1–4 linkage of β glucose monomers ...
... (b) Cellulose: 1–4 linkage of β glucose monomers ...
9.1 Catabolic Pathways yield energy by oxidizing organic fuels
... 1. Glycolysis- begins degradation process in cytosol by breaking glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, which enters the mitochondria. Note: cell respiration includes only steps 2 &3. Glycolysis is not a part of cell respiration, but respiring cells derive energy from glucose using glycolysis to ...
... 1. Glycolysis- begins degradation process in cytosol by breaking glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, which enters the mitochondria. Note: cell respiration includes only steps 2 &3. Glycolysis is not a part of cell respiration, but respiring cells derive energy from glucose using glycolysis to ...
Ch.05The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules
... crystallize into a fiber; capacity to carry oxygen is greatly reduced. ...
... crystallize into a fiber; capacity to carry oxygen is greatly reduced. ...
OGT Reivew3 - HensonsBiologyPage
... molecules to one pyruvic acid and 2 ATP 2. Glycolysis converts two glucose molecules to two pyruvic acids and 2 ATP 3. Glycolysis converts one glucose molecule to two pyruvic acid and 1 ATP 4. Glycolysis converts one glucose to two pyruvic acid and two ATP ...
... molecules to one pyruvic acid and 2 ATP 2. Glycolysis converts two glucose molecules to two pyruvic acids and 2 ATP 3. Glycolysis converts one glucose molecule to two pyruvic acid and 1 ATP 4. Glycolysis converts one glucose to two pyruvic acid and two ATP ...
Biology-1 Sample Questions for Exam Two Facilitated diffusion
... b. the movement of water from an area of low water concentration to a area of high water concentration c. the consumption of ATP d. the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration e. protein pumps to move substances 3. If two aqueous solutions that differ ...
... b. the movement of water from an area of low water concentration to a area of high water concentration c. the consumption of ATP d. the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration e. protein pumps to move substances 3. If two aqueous solutions that differ ...
Multiple Choice: Choose the one best answer to each question
... NADH= __ FADH2= __ GTP= CO2= __ Oxaloacetate= Pyruvate= ...
... NADH= __ FADH2= __ GTP= CO2= __ Oxaloacetate= Pyruvate= ...
respiration in plants
... The term glycolysis has originated from the Greek words, glycos for sugar, and lysis for splitting. The scheme of glycolysis was given by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and J. Parnas, and is often referred to as the EMP pathway. In anaerobic organisms, it is the only process in respiration. Glycolysi ...
... The term glycolysis has originated from the Greek words, glycos for sugar, and lysis for splitting. The scheme of glycolysis was given by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and J. Parnas, and is often referred to as the EMP pathway. In anaerobic organisms, it is the only process in respiration. Glycolysi ...
Sum total of all chemical reactions that occur within an
... Broken down by pyruvate dehydrogenase Molecule of CO2 removed from each pyruvate Remaining acetyl group attached to CoA to make acetyl CoA 1 NADH is made for each pyruvate ...
... Broken down by pyruvate dehydrogenase Molecule of CO2 removed from each pyruvate Remaining acetyl group attached to CoA to make acetyl CoA 1 NADH is made for each pyruvate ...
Chapter 23 Respiratory System Functions: Provides for gas
... Liberated hydrogen transferred by coenzymes Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) Glucose is oxidized Reduction – addition of electrons Increase in potential energy 3 Mechanisms of ATP generation 1. ______________________________ Transferring high- ...
... Liberated hydrogen transferred by coenzymes Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) Flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) Glucose is oxidized Reduction – addition of electrons Increase in potential energy 3 Mechanisms of ATP generation 1. ______________________________ Transferring high- ...
(C) A glucose reserve - Ms. Ottolini`s Biology Wiki!
... A. An expansion of glycolysis (the Kreb’s / Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain are not used) B. Glycolysis 2 ATP C. Reactions that regenerate NAD+ to act as an electron acceptor for electrons released during the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate 2 Types of Fermentation = alcohol ferment ...
... A. An expansion of glycolysis (the Kreb’s / Citric Acid Cycle and Electron Transport Chain are not used) B. Glycolysis 2 ATP C. Reactions that regenerate NAD+ to act as an electron acceptor for electrons released during the breakdown of glucose to pyruvate 2 Types of Fermentation = alcohol ferment ...
Respiration - Orange Coast College
... • The slides in this presentation were originally created by Marc C. Perkins (http://faculty.orangecoastcollege.edu/mperkins). • You are free to use, modify, and distribute these slides according to the terms of the Creative Commons license (e.g., you must attribute the slides, no commercial uses ar ...
... • The slides in this presentation were originally created by Marc C. Perkins (http://faculty.orangecoastcollege.edu/mperkins). • You are free to use, modify, and distribute these slides according to the terms of the Creative Commons license (e.g., you must attribute the slides, no commercial uses ar ...
Biology-1 Sample Questions for Exam Two Facilitated diffusion
... b. the movement of water from an area of low water concentration to a area of high water concentration c. the consumption of ATP d. the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration e. protein pumps to move substances 3. If two aqueous solutions that differ ...
... b. the movement of water from an area of low water concentration to a area of high water concentration c. the consumption of ATP d. the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration e. protein pumps to move substances 3. If two aqueous solutions that differ ...
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 4 Types of Macromolecules
... Two types of nucleic acids – 1. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) – double strand of genetic information 2. RNA (ribonucleic acid) – single strand copy of DNA used to build proteins Examples of nongenetic nucleotides - plays a major role in cell metabolism 1. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) – carries energy ...
... Two types of nucleic acids – 1. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) – double strand of genetic information 2. RNA (ribonucleic acid) – single strand copy of DNA used to build proteins Examples of nongenetic nucleotides - plays a major role in cell metabolism 1. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) – carries energy ...
Exam #2
... Consider Mars - Its atmosphere is almost entirely CO2 gas, with some N2 gas. Its surface is mostly Iron oxides with an abundance of Fe3+. The ice caps are mostly ice (H2O) and dry ice (CO2). Reduced forms of many elements - C, S, N, H, metals, etc. are completely missing. Preexisting organic compou ...
... Consider Mars - Its atmosphere is almost entirely CO2 gas, with some N2 gas. Its surface is mostly Iron oxides with an abundance of Fe3+. The ice caps are mostly ice (H2O) and dry ice (CO2). Reduced forms of many elements - C, S, N, H, metals, etc. are completely missing. Preexisting organic compou ...
Document
... 1.1 Recognize that biological organisms are composed primarily of very few elements. The six most common are C, H, N, O, P, S. 1.2 Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four major categories of organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids). 1.3 ...
... 1.1 Recognize that biological organisms are composed primarily of very few elements. The six most common are C, H, N, O, P, S. 1.2 Describe the basic molecular structures and primary functions of the four major categories of organic molecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids). 1.3 ...
second exam 05
... The redox energy stored in NADH is used to drive ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation. This process can be best characterized by which statement? a) ATP is generated by electron transfer from quinones to ADP which then reacts with a phosphate molecule b) The membrane potential generated du ...
... The redox energy stored in NADH is used to drive ATP synthesis during oxidative phosphorylation. This process can be best characterized by which statement? a) ATP is generated by electron transfer from quinones to ADP which then reacts with a phosphate molecule b) The membrane potential generated du ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑