Macromolecule/enzyme notes
... VI. Macromolecules large organic molecules also called polymers made of smaller “building blocks” called monomers Monomers link together to form polymers through dehydration reactions, which remove water Polymers are broken apart by hydrolysis, the addition of water ...
... VI. Macromolecules large organic molecules also called polymers made of smaller “building blocks” called monomers Monomers link together to form polymers through dehydration reactions, which remove water Polymers are broken apart by hydrolysis, the addition of water ...
chapter 6 - Fullfrontalanatomy.com
... textbook, walking 3 miles per hour would use 245 Calories per hour. This would require 700 Calories / 245 Calories per hour = 2.86 hours of walking. 3.Although your body can convert excess carbohydrates in the diet to fats, it cannot convert a carbohydrate into protein. What is missing in the carboh ...
... textbook, walking 3 miles per hour would use 245 Calories per hour. This would require 700 Calories / 245 Calories per hour = 2.86 hours of walking. 3.Although your body can convert excess carbohydrates in the diet to fats, it cannot convert a carbohydrate into protein. What is missing in the carboh ...
cellrespdiagrams
... cristae actually makes ATP from ADP and Pi. • ATP used the energy of an existing proton gradient to power ATP synthesis. – This proton gradient develops between the intermembrane space and the matrix. Fig. 9.14 Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... cristae actually makes ATP from ADP and Pi. • ATP used the energy of an existing proton gradient to power ATP synthesis. – This proton gradient develops between the intermembrane space and the matrix. Fig. 9.14 Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Glucose (C6H12O6), also known as D
... below). This cycle is activated when the body’s metabolism is changed to anaerobic metabolism due to the underdevelopment of blood vessels compared to the growth of a tumor. The tumor causes a decrease in the oxygen concentration. Because of the tumor, this cycle spends six phosphate bonds from the ...
... below). This cycle is activated when the body’s metabolism is changed to anaerobic metabolism due to the underdevelopment of blood vessels compared to the growth of a tumor. The tumor causes a decrease in the oxygen concentration. Because of the tumor, this cycle spends six phosphate bonds from the ...
Clinical biochemistry (4) Carbohydrate
... The usual procedure of GTT is to determine the level of blood glucose un fasting state and at various interval after 75g glucose load. Administer orally a solution of pure glucose (75g) should be dissolved in 250-350ml of water and should be asked to drink within 2-3 minutes. Children 1.75g glucos ...
... The usual procedure of GTT is to determine the level of blood glucose un fasting state and at various interval after 75g glucose load. Administer orally a solution of pure glucose (75g) should be dissolved in 250-350ml of water and should be asked to drink within 2-3 minutes. Children 1.75g glucos ...
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
... molecules into energized electrons, hydrogen ions (H+) and oxygen. High-energy electrons move through the electron transport chain from photosystem II to photosystem I. As electrons pass from chlorophyll to NADP+, more hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane. ATP synthase in the membrane allows ...
... molecules into energized electrons, hydrogen ions (H+) and oxygen. High-energy electrons move through the electron transport chain from photosystem II to photosystem I. As electrons pass from chlorophyll to NADP+, more hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane. ATP synthase in the membrane allows ...
Photosynth-Cellular Respiration
... molecules into energized electrons, hydrogen ions (H+) and oxygen. High-energy electrons move through the electron transport chain from photosystem II to photosystem I. As electrons pass from chlorophyll to NADP+, more hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane. ATP synthase in the membrane allows ...
... molecules into energized electrons, hydrogen ions (H+) and oxygen. High-energy electrons move through the electron transport chain from photosystem II to photosystem I. As electrons pass from chlorophyll to NADP+, more hydrogen ions are pumped across the membrane. ATP synthase in the membrane allows ...
Aerobic & Anaerobic Metabolism in Muscles
... Lactic acid diffuses out of muscles blood taken by the liver Glucose (by gluconeogenesis) blood taken by the muscle again * It usually takes a little time for the respiratory and cardiovascular systems to catch up with the muscles and supply O2 for aerobic metabolism. ...
... Lactic acid diffuses out of muscles blood taken by the liver Glucose (by gluconeogenesis) blood taken by the muscle again * It usually takes a little time for the respiratory and cardiovascular systems to catch up with the muscles and supply O2 for aerobic metabolism. ...
unit 3 – cellular energy processes
... 7. Explain the role and importance of redox in metabolism. 8. Sequence the major steps of glycolysis and describe the role of enzymes in metabolism 9. Compare the end products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration and identify the types of organisms employing each. 10. Describe how the catabolism of ...
... 7. Explain the role and importance of redox in metabolism. 8. Sequence the major steps of glycolysis and describe the role of enzymes in metabolism 9. Compare the end products of aerobic and anaerobic respiration and identify the types of organisms employing each. 10. Describe how the catabolism of ...
Cellular Respiration
... Photosynthesis combines water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen, converting light energy into chemical energy. ...
... Photosynthesis combines water, carbon dioxide and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen, converting light energy into chemical energy. ...
An Overview of Cellular Respiration 2017
... ATP ADP + Phosphate + ENERGY Energy is released for cell activity (muscle contraction, nerve ...
... ATP ADP + Phosphate + ENERGY Energy is released for cell activity (muscle contraction, nerve ...
Respiratio
... 2Lactic acid +2NAD Q.13. Explain respiration is an Amphibolic pathway. Ans: 1. Respiration involves breakdown of substrates (carbohychates, fats, proteins) and hence it is catabolic process. But some intermediates of respiration are used in biosynthesis (Anabolism) of molecules, thus respiration is ...
... 2Lactic acid +2NAD Q.13. Explain respiration is an Amphibolic pathway. Ans: 1. Respiration involves breakdown of substrates (carbohychates, fats, proteins) and hence it is catabolic process. But some intermediates of respiration are used in biosynthesis (Anabolism) of molecules, thus respiration is ...
Chapter 5 Lecture Notes
... 5. O2 serves as the final electron acceptor. 6. Fig. 17 shows a summary of aerobic cellular respiration in prokaryotes. vi. Anaerobic cellular respiration: Final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is not O2. Instead, inorganic substances other than oxygen, such as nitrate ions (NO3-), ...
... 5. O2 serves as the final electron acceptor. 6. Fig. 17 shows a summary of aerobic cellular respiration in prokaryotes. vi. Anaerobic cellular respiration: Final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is not O2. Instead, inorganic substances other than oxygen, such as nitrate ions (NO3-), ...
Chapter6summaryHO
... Anaerobic respiration: similar but no oxygen. system uses other electron acceptors so the energy yield is not as high. Glycolysis: Glucose into 2 pyruvates, yields 2 ATP; 2NADH and precursors Two phases of glycolysis: 1) 5 steps consume energy. First group translocation into the cell (2 ATP); then 6 ...
... Anaerobic respiration: similar but no oxygen. system uses other electron acceptors so the energy yield is not as high. Glycolysis: Glucose into 2 pyruvates, yields 2 ATP; 2NADH and precursors Two phases of glycolysis: 1) 5 steps consume energy. First group translocation into the cell (2 ATP); then 6 ...
Biochemistry Objectives 43
... Glucose/fatty acid/ketone body cycle in starvation: since glucose is not being taken in exogenously in early starvation, it must be synthesized from fatty acid stimulation and amino acid components for use in the brain and RBCs. The rest of the body utilizes fatty acids to meet metabolic demand. In ...
... Glucose/fatty acid/ketone body cycle in starvation: since glucose is not being taken in exogenously in early starvation, it must be synthesized from fatty acid stimulation and amino acid components for use in the brain and RBCs. The rest of the body utilizes fatty acids to meet metabolic demand. In ...
corrected version for study guide
... electron transport chain- the chain where the electrons carriers NADH and FADH2 pass electrons to other carriers with the ultimate goal of producing ATP metabolism- the sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism glycolysis- the breakdown of sugar into pyruvate – takes place i ...
... electron transport chain- the chain where the electrons carriers NADH and FADH2 pass electrons to other carriers with the ultimate goal of producing ATP metabolism- the sum total of all the chemical reactions that occur in an organism glycolysis- the breakdown of sugar into pyruvate – takes place i ...
BIO 101 Blinderman Mercer County Community College Division of
... 8. Detail the components of eukaryotic nuclear membrane including double layer, pores, and lamina 9. Find and describe the nucleolus, chromatin (and chromosomes) 10. View cellular locations of ribosomes (bound and free) and describe role in protein synthesis 11. List components of endomembrane syste ...
... 8. Detail the components of eukaryotic nuclear membrane including double layer, pores, and lamina 9. Find and describe the nucleolus, chromatin (and chromosomes) 10. View cellular locations of ribosomes (bound and free) and describe role in protein synthesis 11. List components of endomembrane syste ...
Energy is needed for cell activities: growth,reproduction, repair
... Is a process that does not involve the use of oxygen. The ATP production can take place but the net energy yield is much lower. This process begins with glycolysis: ...
... Is a process that does not involve the use of oxygen. The ATP production can take place but the net energy yield is much lower. This process begins with glycolysis: ...
ATP
... •Food molecules are the $1000 dollar bills of energy storage •Food molecules function as fuel molecules, storing large quantities of energy in a stable form over long periods of time! They are the long-term energy currency of the cell. •For “pocket change”, cells require a molecule that stores much ...
... •Food molecules are the $1000 dollar bills of energy storage •Food molecules function as fuel molecules, storing large quantities of energy in a stable form over long periods of time! They are the long-term energy currency of the cell. •For “pocket change”, cells require a molecule that stores much ...
1. Triglyceride degradation is not influenced by: A cAMP B Glucagon
... A 5 molecules of mevalonate B 6 isoprene units C 15 molecules of acetyl CoA D 3 molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate 8. Which of the following lipoproteins participates in reverse cholesterol transport: A VLDL B HDL C LDL D chylomicrons 9. Which of the following occurs when cholesterol enters cells: ...
... A 5 molecules of mevalonate B 6 isoprene units C 15 molecules of acetyl CoA D 3 molecules of farnesyl pyrophosphate 8. Which of the following lipoproteins participates in reverse cholesterol transport: A VLDL B HDL C LDL D chylomicrons 9. Which of the following occurs when cholesterol enters cells: ...
2 ATP
... ATP is called free energy because it is available to do any type of work needed in our cells called Kinetic Energy (energy available for work) The amount of energy released is measure in calories or ...
... ATP is called free energy because it is available to do any type of work needed in our cells called Kinetic Energy (energy available for work) The amount of energy released is measure in calories or ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑