Assignment CHE-09 TMA-01,02 Year 2005
... v) In lock and key model of enzyme action, the part of enzyme that recognises substrate is called the _______________. vi) In the tripeptide Cys – Ser – Leu, the amino acid with free amino end is ____. vii) Degradation of D-fructose – 1, 6 – bisphosphate to D – glyceraldehyde – 3 – phosphate is cata ...
... v) In lock and key model of enzyme action, the part of enzyme that recognises substrate is called the _______________. vi) In the tripeptide Cys – Ser – Leu, the amino acid with free amino end is ____. vii) Degradation of D-fructose – 1, 6 – bisphosphate to D – glyceraldehyde – 3 – phosphate is cata ...
Metabolic modeling and comparative biochemistry in glyoxylate cycle
... amount, obtained from its application, was compared with the ATP amount calculated individually from the sum of acetyl-CoA, NAHD and FADH2 molecules number, and substrate level phosphorylation, generated in the oxidation of fatty acids with specific numbers of carbon atoms in glyoxysomes (Table 2). ...
... amount, obtained from its application, was compared with the ATP amount calculated individually from the sum of acetyl-CoA, NAHD and FADH2 molecules number, and substrate level phosphorylation, generated in the oxidation of fatty acids with specific numbers of carbon atoms in glyoxysomes (Table 2). ...
Control Mechanisms: Hormones
... • GaGDP subunit then rebinds to bg subunits protein phosphatases catalyze removal of phosphoryl groups (insulin-activated) protein-P + H2O → protein + Pi e.g., glycogen phosphorylase-P +H2O → glycogen phosphorylase (inactive) ...
... • GaGDP subunit then rebinds to bg subunits protein phosphatases catalyze removal of phosphoryl groups (insulin-activated) protein-P + H2O → protein + Pi e.g., glycogen phosphorylase-P +H2O → glycogen phosphorylase (inactive) ...
LOYOLA COLLEGE (AUTONOMOUS), CHENNAI – 600 034
... Answer any two of the following, each within 1500 words; Draw diagrams wherever necessary: (2x20= 40 marks) 26. Elaborate on pH scale and pH meter. Add a note on Henderson Hasselbalch equation. 27. Write in detail about the steps involved in synthesis and degradation of fatty acids. 28. Analyze biom ...
... Answer any two of the following, each within 1500 words; Draw diagrams wherever necessary: (2x20= 40 marks) 26. Elaborate on pH scale and pH meter. Add a note on Henderson Hasselbalch equation. 27. Write in detail about the steps involved in synthesis and degradation of fatty acids. 28. Analyze biom ...
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
... Notice that the low energy electron starts at p680, is hit by the photon and becomes high energy. It then is carried by enzyme 3 to the cytochromes where its energy is converted into ATP and the electron becomes low energy. It is passed to enzyme 4 and then to p700 where it is hit by another photon ...
... Notice that the low energy electron starts at p680, is hit by the photon and becomes high energy. It then is carried by enzyme 3 to the cytochromes where its energy is converted into ATP and the electron becomes low energy. It is passed to enzyme 4 and then to p700 where it is hit by another photon ...
Biomolecule Test Review 2015
... A noncompetitive inhibitor - is a substance that interacts with the enzyme, but usually not at the active site. The noncompetitive inhibitor reacts either remote from or very close to the active site. The net effect of a noncompetitive inhibitor is to change the shape of the enzyme and thus the acti ...
... A noncompetitive inhibitor - is a substance that interacts with the enzyme, but usually not at the active site. The noncompetitive inhibitor reacts either remote from or very close to the active site. The net effect of a noncompetitive inhibitor is to change the shape of the enzyme and thus the acti ...
Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC)
... 2. Transaldolase and transketolase convert excess R5P into glycolytic intermediates when NADPH needs are higher than the need for nucleotide biosynthesis. 3. GAP and F6P can be consumed through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. 4. Can also be used for gluconeogenesis to form G6P 5. 1 molecul ...
... 2. Transaldolase and transketolase convert excess R5P into glycolytic intermediates when NADPH needs are higher than the need for nucleotide biosynthesis. 3. GAP and F6P can be consumed through glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. 4. Can also be used for gluconeogenesis to form G6P 5. 1 molecul ...
Biochem lectures
... Hierarchical nature of hormonal control Hormonal regulation of some physiological activities involves a hierarchy of cell types acting on each other either to stimulate or to modulate the release and action of a particular hormone. The secretion of hormones from successive levels of endocrine cells ...
... Hierarchical nature of hormonal control Hormonal regulation of some physiological activities involves a hierarchy of cell types acting on each other either to stimulate or to modulate the release and action of a particular hormone. The secretion of hormones from successive levels of endocrine cells ...
Glycogen Metabolism
... ● Amino acid degradation in every organ, especially in the liver and muscles ● Ammonia secretion (5-10% of whole N turnover) in kidney tubules from glutamine (Chinese Restaurant) ● Nucleotide (pyrimidine) degradation ● Intestinal bacteria produce it from amino acids and urea Ammonia is very toxic → ...
... ● Amino acid degradation in every organ, especially in the liver and muscles ● Ammonia secretion (5-10% of whole N turnover) in kidney tubules from glutamine (Chinese Restaurant) ● Nucleotide (pyrimidine) degradation ● Intestinal bacteria produce it from amino acids and urea Ammonia is very toxic → ...
Chapter 2: The Chemical Level of Organization
... Enzyme Helpers • Cofactor: – an ion or molecule that binds to an enzyme before substrates can bind ...
... Enzyme Helpers • Cofactor: – an ion or molecule that binds to an enzyme before substrates can bind ...
Protein mteabolism
... Aminotransferases are normally intracellular enzymes, and found only in low levels in plasma. The presence of elevated plasma levels of aminotransferases indcates damage of cells rich in these enzymes. e.g. ALT and AST are present in liver, so their elevation in blood indicate liver cell damage such ...
... Aminotransferases are normally intracellular enzymes, and found only in low levels in plasma. The presence of elevated plasma levels of aminotransferases indcates damage of cells rich in these enzymes. e.g. ALT and AST are present in liver, so their elevation in blood indicate liver cell damage such ...
HighFour Biology Round 2 Category D: Grades 11 – 12 Tuesday
... The F1 generation of the RR and rr roses will all have a heterozygous genotype (Rr). The F2 generation ensues from the self-pollination of the F1 generation. This self-pollination will result to three genotypes, namely RR, Rr, and rr. Only those with the rr genotype will have a white phenotype. Out ...
... The F1 generation of the RR and rr roses will all have a heterozygous genotype (Rr). The F2 generation ensues from the self-pollination of the F1 generation. This self-pollination will result to three genotypes, namely RR, Rr, and rr. Only those with the rr genotype will have a white phenotype. Out ...
ATP
... The energy is stored in the molecule as a whole, although the breaking of the bonds initiates its release AMP & ADP may be reconverted to ATP by adding phosphate group(s) through the process called phosphorylation, e.g. ...
... The energy is stored in the molecule as a whole, although the breaking of the bonds initiates its release AMP & ADP may be reconverted to ATP by adding phosphate group(s) through the process called phosphorylation, e.g. ...
Bioenergetics and ioenergetics and Metabolism etabolism
... molecular oxygen is used to oxidize the coenzymes, which are reduced in the other 4 pathways, with the production of water and the conversion of ADP plus phosphate into ATP. One of the 5 energy-supplying processes, the glycolytic pathway, can be distinguished from the others because it is capable of ...
... molecular oxygen is used to oxidize the coenzymes, which are reduced in the other 4 pathways, with the production of water and the conversion of ADP plus phosphate into ATP. One of the 5 energy-supplying processes, the glycolytic pathway, can be distinguished from the others because it is capable of ...
Bone and Muscle Previous Exam Review
... To make ATP from creatine phosphate, you also need a molecule of ADP. Glucose is made of glycogen molecules. Training by practicing running will grow new blood vessels to your legs. Light muscle cells produces ATP quickly through glycolysis, but tire easily. One theory about fatigue is that we build ...
... To make ATP from creatine phosphate, you also need a molecule of ADP. Glucose is made of glycogen molecules. Training by practicing running will grow new blood vessels to your legs. Light muscle cells produces ATP quickly through glycolysis, but tire easily. One theory about fatigue is that we build ...
The FAH Fold Meets the Krebs Cycle
... [5]. Loss of this function causes hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HTI) in humans [6]. The prokaryotic realm provides a perplexingly large number of FAH type enzymes which, in spite of the structural similarity of their catalytic domains, collectively referred to as the FAH fold, catalyze a wide range ...
... [5]. Loss of this function causes hereditary tyrosinemia type I (HTI) in humans [6]. The prokaryotic realm provides a perplexingly large number of FAH type enzymes which, in spite of the structural similarity of their catalytic domains, collectively referred to as the FAH fold, catalyze a wide range ...
UNIT 3 – PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION
... The total ATP production of cellular respiration is about 38 ATP molecules/ glucose. IV. GLYCOLYSIS In this process a 6 carbon sugar is split to produce 2 pyruvate molecules. The process consists of 10 steps which can be divided into two phases: o Energy investment phase – during this phase the cell ...
... The total ATP production of cellular respiration is about 38 ATP molecules/ glucose. IV. GLYCOLYSIS In this process a 6 carbon sugar is split to produce 2 pyruvate molecules. The process consists of 10 steps which can be divided into two phases: o Energy investment phase – during this phase the cell ...
Bacteria - Eubacteria
... and is thereby preserved for all to use from plantphys.info for as long as that website is available. Images lacking photo credits are mine and, as long as you are engaged in non-profit educational missions, you have my permission to use my images and slides in your teaching. However, please notice ...
... and is thereby preserved for all to use from plantphys.info for as long as that website is available. Images lacking photo credits are mine and, as long as you are engaged in non-profit educational missions, you have my permission to use my images and slides in your teaching. However, please notice ...
Energy Transformation — Cellular Respiration
... 1. The ATP produced during glycolysis is insufficient to sustain life processes. As a result, molecular oxygen has to appear to supply a bulk of ATP (almost 90%) to the body cells. Hence, most cells of multicellular organisms cannot live long without oxygen, especially the human brain cells which ca ...
... 1. The ATP produced during glycolysis is insufficient to sustain life processes. As a result, molecular oxygen has to appear to supply a bulk of ATP (almost 90%) to the body cells. Hence, most cells of multicellular organisms cannot live long without oxygen, especially the human brain cells which ca ...
respiration jeopardy game!
... pass through and produces ATP A: What is ATP synthase ? S2C06 Jeopardy Review ...
... pass through and produces ATP A: What is ATP synthase ? S2C06 Jeopardy Review ...
03-232 Biochemistry Exam III - S2014 Name:________________________
... Choice A: Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the TCA cycle are all regulated by “energy sensing”. Select one of the three pathways and describe: i) the step that is regulated (1 pt). ii) the compounds that regulate that step, and whether they activate or inhibit the step (4 pts). iii) why this regulat ...
... Choice A: Glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the TCA cycle are all regulated by “energy sensing”. Select one of the three pathways and describe: i) the step that is regulated (1 pt). ii) the compounds that regulate that step, and whether they activate or inhibit the step (4 pts). iii) why this regulat ...
Cell Structure
... • Glucose broke down into 2 pyruvate molecules • Energy Investment phase: active glucose w/ 2 ATP • Energy Pay Off phase: oxidation the removal of H, production of NADH, ATP • This makes 4 molecules of ATP ...
... • Glucose broke down into 2 pyruvate molecules • Energy Investment phase: active glucose w/ 2 ATP • Energy Pay Off phase: oxidation the removal of H, production of NADH, ATP • This makes 4 molecules of ATP ...
Glycolysis
Glycolysis (from glycose, an older term for glucose + -lysis degradation) is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose C6H12O6, into pyruvate, CH3COCOO− + H+. The free energy released in this process is used to form the high-energy compounds ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide).Glycolysis is a determined sequence of ten enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The intermediates provide entry points to glycolysis. For example, most monosaccharides, such as fructose and galactose, can be converted to one of these intermediates. The intermediates may also be directly useful. For example, the intermediate dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) is a source of the glycerol that combines with fatty acids to form fat.Glycolysis is an oxygen independent metabolic pathway, meaning that it does not use molecular oxygen (i.e. atmospheric oxygen) for any of its reactions. However the products of glycolysis (pyruvate and NADH + H+) are sometimes disposed of using atmospheric oxygen. When molecular oxygen is used in the disposal of the products of glycolysis the process is usually referred to as aerobic, whereas if the disposal uses no oxygen the process is said to be anaerobic. Thus, glycolysis occurs, with variations, in nearly all organisms, both aerobic and anaerobic. The wide occurrence of glycolysis indicates that it is one of the most ancient metabolic pathways. Indeed, the reactions that constitute glycolysis and its parallel pathway, the pentose phosphate pathway, occur metal-catalyzed under the oxygen-free conditions of the Archean oceans, also in the absence of enzymes. Glycolysis could thus have originated from chemical constraints of the prebiotic world.Glycolysis occurs in most organisms in the cytosol of the cell. The most common type of glycolysis is the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas (EMP pathway), which was discovered by Gustav Embden, Otto Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. Glycolysis also refers to other pathways, such as the Entner–Doudoroff pathway and various heterofermentative and homofermentative pathways. However, the discussion here will be limited to the Embden–Meyerhof–Parnas pathway.The entire glycolysis pathway can be separated into two phases: The Preparatory Phase – in which ATP is consumed and is hence also known as the investment phase The Pay Off Phase – in which ATP is produced.↑ ↑ 2.0 2.1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑