Supplementary Information (doc 3773K)
... Supplementary Figure 4 EWS directly regulates the expression of Drosha. (a) The 5’-UTR of mouse Drosha promoter shows putative EWS and CBP binding elements. The 5’-UTR of mouse Drosha was cloned into pGL4.14 luciferase vector. (b) EWS down regulated the transcriptional activity of Drosha promoter i ...
... Supplementary Figure 4 EWS directly regulates the expression of Drosha. (a) The 5’-UTR of mouse Drosha promoter shows putative EWS and CBP binding elements. The 5’-UTR of mouse Drosha was cloned into pGL4.14 luciferase vector. (b) EWS down regulated the transcriptional activity of Drosha promoter i ...
Coevolution of an aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase with its tRNA substrates
... In bacteria, the ND Bacillus subtilis GluRS has been extensively studied (9). Due to the lack of a canonical glutaminyltRNA synthetase (GlnRS) in this organism, the ND-GluRS is an essential enzyme in Gln-tRNA formation as it generates GlutRNAGln. This product is then converted to Gln-tRNAGln by Glu- ...
... In bacteria, the ND Bacillus subtilis GluRS has been extensively studied (9). Due to the lack of a canonical glutaminyltRNA synthetase (GlnRS) in this organism, the ND-GluRS is an essential enzyme in Gln-tRNA formation as it generates GlutRNAGln. This product is then converted to Gln-tRNAGln by Glu- ...
RNA interference - Bio
... subsequently unwound and assembled into effector complexes, RISCs, which can direct RNA cleavage, mediate translational repression or induce chromatin modification. S. pombe, C. elegans and mammals carry only one Dicer gene. In D. melanogaster and A. thaliana, specialized Dicer or DLC proteins prefe ...
... subsequently unwound and assembled into effector complexes, RISCs, which can direct RNA cleavage, mediate translational repression or induce chromatin modification. S. pombe, C. elegans and mammals carry only one Dicer gene. In D. melanogaster and A. thaliana, specialized Dicer or DLC proteins prefe ...
High throughput nucleic acid sample preparation in 96 well plates
... DNA sample preparation from saliva and swabs The SalivaGene® system combines the use of the novel SalivaGene® Collector or the Saliva Gene® Buccal Swab for saliva and swab sample collection and subsequent DNA purification. The SalivaGene® Collector and the SalivaGene® Buccal Swab tubes are pre-fille ...
... DNA sample preparation from saliva and swabs The SalivaGene® system combines the use of the novel SalivaGene® Collector or the Saliva Gene® Buccal Swab for saliva and swab sample collection and subsequent DNA purification. The SalivaGene® Collector and the SalivaGene® Buccal Swab tubes are pre-fille ...
Chapter 3 Chemical Basis of Life II. Biological Molecules
... Prior to the 1960s, the mechanisms by which proteins assume their three-dimensional structures were not understood. Christian Anfinsen, however, postulated that proteins contain all the information necessary to fold into their proper conformation without the need for organelles or cellular factors H ...
... Prior to the 1960s, the mechanisms by which proteins assume their three-dimensional structures were not understood. Christian Anfinsen, however, postulated that proteins contain all the information necessary to fold into their proper conformation without the need for organelles or cellular factors H ...
Cloning and structure of three rainbow trout C3
... have been described before [13]. Hughes suggested that the b-chain may have a higher pattern of nonsynonymous evolution than the a- ...
... have been described before [13]. Hughes suggested that the b-chain may have a higher pattern of nonsynonymous evolution than the a- ...
FC Chimeric Fusion Protein Purified Human
... (FasL). Fas belongs to the TNF (tumor necrosis factor)/NGF (nerve growth factor) receptor family, and is expressed in various tissues and cells including the thymus, liver, ovary and lung. FasL is a member of the TNF cytokine family that induces apoptosis by binding to Fas, its cell-surface receptor ...
... (FasL). Fas belongs to the TNF (tumor necrosis factor)/NGF (nerve growth factor) receptor family, and is expressed in various tissues and cells including the thymus, liver, ovary and lung. FasL is a member of the TNF cytokine family that induces apoptosis by binding to Fas, its cell-surface receptor ...
Compilation of tRNA sequences and sequences of
... later obtained. In such cases, additional references were added. This compilation is updated up to December 2002. The table contains the known tRNA sequences of all organisms including organelles. This is the continuation of the original tRNA compilation first published in 1978. (iii) Compilation of ...
... later obtained. In such cases, additional references were added. This compilation is updated up to December 2002. The table contains the known tRNA sequences of all organisms including organelles. This is the continuation of the original tRNA compilation first published in 1978. (iii) Compilation of ...
Regional Differences in Protein Synthesis within the Lens of
... (albuminoid) appeared to be largely derived from the precipitation of certain soluble proteins in the lens nucleus. Such selective insolubilization may account for the differing patterns of soluble protein observed in the inner and outer parts of the lens. ...
... (albuminoid) appeared to be largely derived from the precipitation of certain soluble proteins in the lens nucleus. Such selective insolubilization may account for the differing patterns of soluble protein observed in the inner and outer parts of the lens. ...
Applied and Environmental Microbiology
... be the result of gene duplication. In the case of the R. tropici citrate synthase genes, the duplication seems to be ancient since the DNA sequence has clearly diverged outside the coding region, while there is a high degree of similarity in the coding regions of both genes. Besides duplication, the ...
... be the result of gene duplication. In the case of the R. tropici citrate synthase genes, the duplication seems to be ancient since the DNA sequence has clearly diverged outside the coding region, while there is a high degree of similarity in the coding regions of both genes. Besides duplication, the ...
Possibilities for feeding low-protein diets to weanling and growing pigs
... these pigs. Several different Ideal Protein ratios have been suggested, but the ratios most widely used are the ratios proposed in the so-called Illinois Ideal Protein (Baker, 1997). In the Illinois Ideal Protein, three different ratios are suggested depending on the weight of the pig, i.e., from 1 ...
... these pigs. Several different Ideal Protein ratios have been suggested, but the ratios most widely used are the ratios proposed in the so-called Illinois Ideal Protein (Baker, 1997). In the Illinois Ideal Protein, three different ratios are suggested depending on the weight of the pig, i.e., from 1 ...
Hypoosmotic shock adaptation by prolactin involves upregulation of
... The phylogenetic tree obtained by Clustal analysis of the sequences described below is shown in Figure 2. AVT of the cinnamon clownfish was most similar to that of other fish species AVT (8590%), and was shown in homolog about 4850% with mammal AVP as the specific AVT and AVP amino acids. ...
... The phylogenetic tree obtained by Clustal analysis of the sequences described below is shown in Figure 2. AVT of the cinnamon clownfish was most similar to that of other fish species AVT (8590%), and was shown in homolog about 4850% with mammal AVP as the specific AVT and AVP amino acids. ...
A Histone H3.3-like Gene Specifically Expressed in the Vegetative
... transcripts in sperm cells within pollen have been analyzed in Nicotiana tabacum and Zea mays (Xu et al. 2002, Engel et al. 2003). This work showed gene expression profiles that differed from those of sporophytic vegetative tissues and pollen vegetative cells. Thus, the gene expression patterns in l ...
... transcripts in sperm cells within pollen have been analyzed in Nicotiana tabacum and Zea mays (Xu et al. 2002, Engel et al. 2003). This work showed gene expression profiles that differed from those of sporophytic vegetative tissues and pollen vegetative cells. Thus, the gene expression patterns in l ...
Optimizing cofactor availability for the production of recombinant
... production landscapes from microscale cultivations using 1 mM FeSO4-supplemented medium. Error bars are standard deviations from all measured clones of a landscape. Average activity from strains producing HRP alone was set to 100%. In addition to strong constitutive co-overexpression of either HEM1 ...
... production landscapes from microscale cultivations using 1 mM FeSO4-supplemented medium. Error bars are standard deviations from all measured clones of a landscape. Average activity from strains producing HRP alone was set to 100%. In addition to strong constitutive co-overexpression of either HEM1 ...
33_organelles.txt 3/25/2010 Limited proteolysis, phosphorylation
... the enzyme glucocerebrosidase ("gloo-coh-ser-eh-BRO-sih-dase") in these organelles leads to Gaucher's ("go-SHAYZ") disease. Their membranes contain hydrogen ion pumps and chloride ion channel proteins that maintain an interior pH of about 4.8, ideal for their proteasomes and other hydrolytic enzymes ...
... the enzyme glucocerebrosidase ("gloo-coh-ser-eh-BRO-sih-dase") in these organelles leads to Gaucher's ("go-SHAYZ") disease. Their membranes contain hydrogen ion pumps and chloride ion channel proteins that maintain an interior pH of about 4.8, ideal for their proteasomes and other hydrolytic enzymes ...
... i) Although the relative position of the TA bases is correct, the diagram contains at least three errors. Identify and correct three of these errors (3 pts). ii) Sketch the phosphate linkage that you would observe linking the T to the next base (2 pts) ii) Indicate the “Watson-Crick’ hydrogen bonds ...
Protein hydrolysates in sports nutrition
... brush-border hydrolysis before their hydrolysis products can be absorbed [4]. Early studies by Grimble and colleagues demonstrated that whey, egg and casein protein hydrolysates containing mostly di- and tripeptides are more rapidly absorbed than those based on longer peptides [5-7]. In their studie ...
... brush-border hydrolysis before their hydrolysis products can be absorbed [4]. Early studies by Grimble and colleagues demonstrated that whey, egg and casein protein hydrolysates containing mostly di- and tripeptides are more rapidly absorbed than those based on longer peptides [5-7]. In their studie ...
basic laboratory course 3
... The tertiary structure of a protein describes the detailed features of the three dimensional conformation of the polypeptide chain. It is brought about by the interactions between the amino acid side chains which cause the folding and bending of a-helix and b-sheet segments of the protein. One very ...
... The tertiary structure of a protein describes the detailed features of the three dimensional conformation of the polypeptide chain. It is brought about by the interactions between the amino acid side chains which cause the folding and bending of a-helix and b-sheet segments of the protein. One very ...
Methodology for predicting semantic annotations of protein
... RNA transcription a segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase, if the gene transcribed encodes a protein, the result of transcription is the messenger RNA (mRNA). c) Protein translation mRNA is decoded by the ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, which, later will fol ...
... RNA transcription a segment of DNA is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase, if the gene transcribed encodes a protein, the result of transcription is the messenger RNA (mRNA). c) Protein translation mRNA is decoded by the ribosome to produce a specific amino acid chain, which, later will fol ...
Creation/Evolution
... The central dogma states that once “information” has passed into protein it cannot get out again. The transfer of information from nucleic acid to nucleic acid, or from nucleic acid to protein, may be possible, but transfer from protein to protein, or from protein to nucleic acid, is impossible. Inf ...
... The central dogma states that once “information” has passed into protein it cannot get out again. The transfer of information from nucleic acid to nucleic acid, or from nucleic acid to protein, may be possible, but transfer from protein to protein, or from protein to nucleic acid, is impossible. Inf ...
Classifier ensembles for protein structural class prediction with
... among different AAs [14,15]. Recent works also improve structural class prediction by using alternative sequence representations. Examples include auto-correlation functions based on non-bonded residue energy [7], polypeptide composition [26,37,44], and functional domain composition [16]. However, th ...
... among different AAs [14,15]. Recent works also improve structural class prediction by using alternative sequence representations. Examples include auto-correlation functions based on non-bonded residue energy [7], polypeptide composition [26,37,44], and functional domain composition [16]. However, th ...
Evolutionary Gain of Function for the ER Membrane
... (Goldshmidt et al., 2008; Zimmerman and Blatch, 2009). In mammalian cells, the lumenal Hsp70 immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein (BiP) and a so far unidentified Hsp40 are also involved in cotranslational protein import into the organelle (Dierks et al., 1996; Hamman et al., 1998; Tyedmers et ...
... (Goldshmidt et al., 2008; Zimmerman and Blatch, 2009). In mammalian cells, the lumenal Hsp70 immunoglobulin heavy-chain binding protein (BiP) and a so far unidentified Hsp40 are also involved in cotranslational protein import into the organelle (Dierks et al., 1996; Hamman et al., 1998; Tyedmers et ...
Bio.Seq.Seq
... DNA as A,C,T,G RNA as A,C,U,G DNA include all ambiguous base characters: R,Y,W,S,M,K,H,B,V,D and N RNA including the ambiguous base characters DNA including the non-standard bases B, D, S and W Standard amino acid alphabet Amino acids including rare or nonstandard ones ...
... DNA as A,C,T,G RNA as A,C,U,G DNA include all ambiguous base characters: R,Y,W,S,M,K,H,B,V,D and N RNA including the ambiguous base characters DNA including the non-standard bases B, D, S and W Standard amino acid alphabet Amino acids including rare or nonstandard ones ...
PDF only - at www.arxiv.org.
... mucus that allows the latter to prevent infections; more importantly, however, it has a significant role in the regulation of cellular communication (Lehmann et al., 2006; Miyagi et al., 2004). Retinoic acid (REA), on the other hand, has important roles in the transcriptional modulation of certain t ...
... mucus that allows the latter to prevent infections; more importantly, however, it has a significant role in the regulation of cellular communication (Lehmann et al., 2006; Miyagi et al., 2004). Retinoic acid (REA), on the other hand, has important roles in the transcriptional modulation of certain t ...
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA.The process of gene expression is used by all known life - eukaryotes (including multicellular organisms), prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), and utilized by viruses - to generate the macromolecular machinery for life.Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may also serve as a substrate for evolutionary change, since control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression can have a profound effect on the functions (actions) of the gene in a cell or in a multicellular organism.In genetics, gene expression is the most fundamental level at which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype, i.e. observable trait. The genetic code stored in DNA is ""interpreted"" by gene expression, and the properties of the expression give rise to the organism's phenotype. Such phenotypes are often expressed by the synthesis of proteins that control the organism's shape, or that act as enzymes catalysing specific metabolic pathways characterising the organism.