Prostaglandin E2 Regulates the Level and Stability of
... clear how the COX-2 gene is regulated transcriptionally by external stimuli particularly in terms of the relevant signaling pathways and the transcription factors acting on 5⬘-flanking sequences. Even less is known about post-transcriptional regulation, although it is apparently critical in determin ...
... clear how the COX-2 gene is regulated transcriptionally by external stimuli particularly in terms of the relevant signaling pathways and the transcription factors acting on 5⬘-flanking sequences. Even less is known about post-transcriptional regulation, although it is apparently critical in determin ...
Incorporation of non-natural amino acids into proteins Takahiro
... horseradish peroxidase [40]. The F179-mutant and F162mutant showed reversible photoregulation of the enzyme activity. Incorporation of phenylazophenylalanine into a camel anti-lysozyme antibody or into a DNA-binding protein also induced reversible photoresponse of ligand binding (Hohsaka T, Sisido M ...
... horseradish peroxidase [40]. The F179-mutant and F162mutant showed reversible photoregulation of the enzyme activity. Incorporation of phenylazophenylalanine into a camel anti-lysozyme antibody or into a DNA-binding protein also induced reversible photoresponse of ligand binding (Hohsaka T, Sisido M ...
Discovery of Paralogous Nuclear Gene Sequences Coding for the
... within a three-dimensional framework is mainly determined by the structure and mutual interactions of the two largest subunits (Wlassoff, Kimura, and Ishihama 1999). Under the assumption that RPB2 is generally single-copy, it has been suggested that it has great potential for phylogenetic studies (S ...
... within a three-dimensional framework is mainly determined by the structure and mutual interactions of the two largest subunits (Wlassoff, Kimura, and Ishihama 1999). Under the assumption that RPB2 is generally single-copy, it has been suggested that it has great potential for phylogenetic studies (S ...
311-320 - CiteSeerX
... be perturbation of the aromatic amino acid residues. This is followed by the exposure of the buried aromatic amino acids and finally by a conformational change leading to an increase in hydrodynamic volume. Such an analysis of the observed data is, however, complicated by the dissociation of the oli ...
... be perturbation of the aromatic amino acid residues. This is followed by the exposure of the buried aromatic amino acids and finally by a conformational change leading to an increase in hydrodynamic volume. Such an analysis of the observed data is, however, complicated by the dissociation of the oli ...
SAMHD1 is a single-stranded nucleic acid
... the four catalytic sites. Occupation of all the sites is required to drive the dimer to tetramer transition. Thus, remarkably, the SAMHD1 tetramer binds a total of twelve nucleotides in its activated state, and the tetramer is stable for many hours after nucleotides have been depleted (14). The enzy ...
... the four catalytic sites. Occupation of all the sites is required to drive the dimer to tetramer transition. Thus, remarkably, the SAMHD1 tetramer binds a total of twelve nucleotides in its activated state, and the tetramer is stable for many hours after nucleotides have been depleted (14). The enzy ...
Synonymous codons are not the same with
... To find whether the different synonymous codon composition is resulting in faster translation due to translation kinetics but not due to different mRNA structure, Yu et al. performed in vitro translation with yeast cell extract. Codon usage bias is different between N. crassa and yeast: the preferre ...
... To find whether the different synonymous codon composition is resulting in faster translation due to translation kinetics but not due to different mRNA structure, Yu et al. performed in vitro translation with yeast cell extract. Codon usage bias is different between N. crassa and yeast: the preferre ...
File
... (a) Nerve impulses have to cross synapses. The events that enable a nerve impulse to cross a cholinergic synapse are listed in Table 1.1. The events are not listed in the correct order. Table 1.1 ...
... (a) Nerve impulses have to cross synapses. The events that enable a nerve impulse to cross a cholinergic synapse are listed in Table 1.1. The events are not listed in the correct order. Table 1.1 ...
Ecological and molecular investigations of cyanotoxin production
... Cyanobacteria have special adaptations such as; nitrogen ¢xation, ability to regulate buoyancy, light harvesting pigments, and di¡erentiated cell types for reproduction or resting, allowing them an advantage over many competitors. Anthropogenic factors such as increased nutrient loading in freshwate ...
... Cyanobacteria have special adaptations such as; nitrogen ¢xation, ability to regulate buoyancy, light harvesting pigments, and di¡erentiated cell types for reproduction or resting, allowing them an advantage over many competitors. Anthropogenic factors such as increased nutrient loading in freshwate ...
Supplementary Notes - Word file
... HDAC1 complex acutely at these genes, leading to deacetylation and transcriptional inactivation. By focusing HDAC1 repressor complexes on actively transcribed genes, recognition of H3-triMeK4 by ING2 may be important for the efficiency of acute gene repression. Such a mechanism may be particularly i ...
... HDAC1 complex acutely at these genes, leading to deacetylation and transcriptional inactivation. By focusing HDAC1 repressor complexes on actively transcribed genes, recognition of H3-triMeK4 by ING2 may be important for the efficiency of acute gene repression. Such a mechanism may be particularly i ...
PDF of original
... in the triplet) correspond to the same amino acid; often XYA and XYG correspond to the same amino acid; sometimes XYG alone corresponds to an amino acid. For eight amino acids, U, C, A, or G may occupy the third position of synonym codons. Alternate bases also may occupy the first position of synony ...
... in the triplet) correspond to the same amino acid; often XYA and XYG correspond to the same amino acid; sometimes XYG alone corresponds to an amino acid. For eight amino acids, U, C, A, or G may occupy the third position of synonym codons. Alternate bases also may occupy the first position of synony ...
Lecture Notes for Methods in Cell Biology
... research. Lectures will describe the theories and principals behind each of the methods in addition to discussing the practical aspects and limitations in executing the various procedures. One of the course objectives is to assist students with their own research by providing them with sufficient ba ...
... research. Lectures will describe the theories and principals behind each of the methods in addition to discussing the practical aspects and limitations in executing the various procedures. One of the course objectives is to assist students with their own research by providing them with sufficient ba ...
Ribosome engineering to promote new crystal forms
... Crystallographic studies of the ribosome have provided molecular details of protein synthesis. However, the crystallization of functional complexes of ribosomes with GTPase translation factors proved to be elusive for a decade after the first ribosome structures were determined. Analysis of the pack ...
... Crystallographic studies of the ribosome have provided molecular details of protein synthesis. However, the crystallization of functional complexes of ribosomes with GTPase translation factors proved to be elusive for a decade after the first ribosome structures were determined. Analysis of the pack ...
Linking folding and binding
... sequences [1,21]. Indeed, it is frequently possible to identify these folding motifs, which have been termed molecular recognition elements or MoRFs, by bioinformatic analysis of the protein sequence [22]. These recognition motifs can fold into helix, b-strand, or form irregular structure on bindin ...
... sequences [1,21]. Indeed, it is frequently possible to identify these folding motifs, which have been termed molecular recognition elements or MoRFs, by bioinformatic analysis of the protein sequence [22]. These recognition motifs can fold into helix, b-strand, or form irregular structure on bindin ...
A futile metabolic cycle activated in adipocytes by - Zen-Bio
... part by the induction of GyK. Over-expression of GyK is somewhat less effective than rosiglitazone treatment in decreasing fatty-acid release. The greater effect of TZDs is likely due to the coordinated induction of other genes that promote FA incorporation into TG, such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL)3 ...
... part by the induction of GyK. Over-expression of GyK is somewhat less effective than rosiglitazone treatment in decreasing fatty-acid release. The greater effect of TZDs is likely due to the coordinated induction of other genes that promote FA incorporation into TG, such as lipoprotein lipase (LPL)3 ...
Novel Expression Pattern of Cytosolic Gln
... optics from surrounding uninfected cortical tissue by the absence of birefringence associated with secondary cell walls or starch grains (Fig. 3B). The walls of Frankia-infected host cells in D. glomerata are pectinrich (Jacobsen and Berry, 2002), and amyloplasts do not differentiate in zones II or ...
... optics from surrounding uninfected cortical tissue by the absence of birefringence associated with secondary cell walls or starch grains (Fig. 3B). The walls of Frankia-infected host cells in D. glomerata are pectinrich (Jacobsen and Berry, 2002), and amyloplasts do not differentiate in zones II or ...
Isolated Spinach Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate
... only Rubisco and only lysyl residue 14 in the LS. Of many ...
... only Rubisco and only lysyl residue 14 in the LS. Of many ...
Immunoprecipitation protocol
... 2. Incubate the sample with the antibody for 1–12 h at 4°C, preferably under gentle agitation or rotation. The length of the incubation period depends on the amount of protein and affinity properties of the antibody. 3. Meanwhile prepare the Sepharose beads. If using a monoclonal antibody choose pro ...
... 2. Incubate the sample with the antibody for 1–12 h at 4°C, preferably under gentle agitation or rotation. The length of the incubation period depends on the amount of protein and affinity properties of the antibody. 3. Meanwhile prepare the Sepharose beads. If using a monoclonal antibody choose pro ...
How flexible is α-actinin`s rod domain?
... Abstract: α−actinin, an actin binding protein, plays a Endo, and Ebashi (1967)]. On the other hand, in nonkey role in cell migration, cross-links actin filaments in muscle cells, α-actinin organizes the cortical cytoskelethe Z-disk, and is a major component of contractile mus- ton adjacent to membra ...
... Abstract: α−actinin, an actin binding protein, plays a Endo, and Ebashi (1967)]. On the other hand, in nonkey role in cell migration, cross-links actin filaments in muscle cells, α-actinin organizes the cortical cytoskelethe Z-disk, and is a major component of contractile mus- ton adjacent to membra ...
Association of FMRP with Ribosomal Precursor Particles in the
... since in cells from fragile X patients, lacking FMRP, a normal transport of ribosomes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm occurs. On the other hand, the RNA binding properties of FMRP and the in vitro association with ribosomes led to different proposals for a theoretical function for FMRP. One possib ...
... since in cells from fragile X patients, lacking FMRP, a normal transport of ribosomes from the nucleus to the cytoplasm occurs. On the other hand, the RNA binding properties of FMRP and the in vitro association with ribosomes led to different proposals for a theoretical function for FMRP. One possib ...
The relative rates of synthesis of DNA, sRNA and rRNA in the
... and in particular for one differentiating cell type. Any differences between parts of early embryos in respect of nucleic acid synthesis are of further interest, since they are likely to be related to unequally distributed components of the egg cytoplasm. Such a relationship may eventually lead to t ...
... and in particular for one differentiating cell type. Any differences between parts of early embryos in respect of nucleic acid synthesis are of further interest, since they are likely to be related to unequally distributed components of the egg cytoplasm. Such a relationship may eventually lead to t ...
Defining the anabolic window of opportunity
... studies directly assessing this question makes it all but impossible to make solid conclusions about the optimal timing. Moreover, it appears that the optimal timing of protein and/or amino acid ingestion may differ depending on the type of amino acid source, as well as concurrent ingestion of other ...
... studies directly assessing this question makes it all but impossible to make solid conclusions about the optimal timing. Moreover, it appears that the optimal timing of protein and/or amino acid ingestion may differ depending on the type of amino acid source, as well as concurrent ingestion of other ...
Critical care: Meeting protein requirements without overfeeding energy
... Background and aims: Relatively high protein input has been associated with improved clinical outcome in critical illness. However, until recently differences in clinical outcome have been examined in terms of the energy goal-versus under-feeding. Most studies failed to set the energy goal by an acc ...
... Background and aims: Relatively high protein input has been associated with improved clinical outcome in critical illness. However, until recently differences in clinical outcome have been examined in terms of the energy goal-versus under-feeding. Most studies failed to set the energy goal by an acc ...
New insight into plant intramembrane proteases
... located in the third TM. The aspartic acid present in the last motif was shown to be crucial for proteolytic activity of these proteases due to its engagement in zinc ion coordination (Feng et al. 2007). Some S2P proteases also possess PDZ domains, which are known to participate in the interactions ...
... located in the third TM. The aspartic acid present in the last motif was shown to be crucial for proteolytic activity of these proteases due to its engagement in zinc ion coordination (Feng et al. 2007). Some S2P proteases also possess PDZ domains, which are known to participate in the interactions ...
p53 regulation and function in normal cells and tumors
... loss of p53 function has been estimated to occur in almost 80% of human cancers, due not only to mutation but also to defects in activating events or inactivation by the products of tumor viruses or cellular oncogenes. We became focused on wild type p53 protein loss of function due to observations t ...
... loss of p53 function has been estimated to occur in almost 80% of human cancers, due not only to mutation but also to defects in activating events or inactivation by the products of tumor viruses or cellular oncogenes. We became focused on wild type p53 protein loss of function due to observations t ...
Gene expression
Gene expression is the process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product. These products are often proteins, but in non-protein coding genes such as transfer RNA (tRNA) or small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes, the product is a functional RNA.The process of gene expression is used by all known life - eukaryotes (including multicellular organisms), prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), and utilized by viruses - to generate the macromolecular machinery for life.Several steps in the gene expression process may be modulated, including the transcription, RNA splicing, translation, and post-translational modification of a protein. Gene regulation gives the cell control over structure and function, and is the basis for cellular differentiation, morphogenesis and the versatility and adaptability of any organism. Gene regulation may also serve as a substrate for evolutionary change, since control of the timing, location, and amount of gene expression can have a profound effect on the functions (actions) of the gene in a cell or in a multicellular organism.In genetics, gene expression is the most fundamental level at which the genotype gives rise to the phenotype, i.e. observable trait. The genetic code stored in DNA is ""interpreted"" by gene expression, and the properties of the expression give rise to the organism's phenotype. Such phenotypes are often expressed by the synthesis of proteins that control the organism's shape, or that act as enzymes catalysing specific metabolic pathways characterising the organism.