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Nov19
Nov19

... each organism is determined by that organism's ability to adapt to its environment. He set these theories forth in his book called, "On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life" (1859) or "The Origin of Species" for short. Af ...
Sex Ratios
Sex Ratios

... females are more likely to produce sons, and lower-quality females are more likely to produce daughters. This is thought to occur because (1) higher-quality females are able to provide more resources to their offspring, and (2) competition for mates between males is intense, with only the highest-qu ...
suited to the environment
suited to the environment

... 
Darwin decided that some creatures or plants struggle to survive. Many things affect an individual's chances of survival, including its ability to get enough food and to escape being killed by others. He also realised that individuals in a particular group or species are not identical. Sometimes th ...
Ch. 16: Evolution of Populations
Ch. 16: Evolution of Populations

...  Biologists connected the work of Gregor Mendel to Darwin in the 1930’s. Our inherited traits are determined by our genes. Genes pass on our inherited traits to the next generation.  It is the differences in the genetic makeup of individuals within the same species that leads to natural selection ...
Text Comparison Matrix Concept/subject: Evolution Patterns
Text Comparison Matrix Concept/subject: Evolution Patterns

... -results in less variation in a population (Ex: average sized spiders) ...
Evolution
Evolution

... any inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s fitness for survival ...
Natural Selection and Fitness
Natural Selection and Fitness

... Environmental Influence • Environmental plays a huge role on selective pressure. • Organisms adapt to their environment • Ex. Eye sockets in blind salamanders (Vestigial structures) ...
Exam 1 Key
Exam 1 Key

... 5. (4) Define the phrase “natural selection and descent with modification”, and identify the person who proposed this idea? Natural selection is a process by which nature places constraints on the life of an organism that forces it to adapt to the change and breed or go extinct. C. Darwin first prop ...
Wed. 3/11 Evolution
Wed. 3/11 Evolution

... a) All organisms produce more offspring than can survive. b) All organisms within a species vary. c) Every organism faces a constant struggle to survive. d) Organisms best suited for their environment survive. e) Organisms that survive pass their traits onto their offspring. ...
The Theory of Evolution Teacher
The Theory of Evolution Teacher

... Frequency ...
Evolution Part 1 Study Guide
Evolution Part 1 Study Guide

... 7. How can lethal alleles be passed on through generations? 8. What does natural selection act upon? 9. What determines which variation is considered useful and passed on? 10. What are characteristics called that make individuals different within the same species? 11. Does a larger or smaller variat ...
Biodiversity
Biodiversity

... rock. Much of what we know about evolution comes from the fossil record. ...
Evolution - De Anza College
Evolution - De Anza College

...  Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace independently developed a theory of natural selection to explain how heritable traits that define each species evolve ...
Theory of Evolution Chapter 15
Theory of Evolution Chapter 15

... 1. Lamarck believed that an individual could _____________ traits during their lifetime due to experiences or behavior and passes these traits on to their offspring 2. All living things are __________. Some relationships are easy to see your pet cat may not roar like a lion, but it clearly resembles ...
Evolutionary Theory 2
Evolutionary Theory 2

... process by which modern organisms have descended from ancient organisms • Descent with modification: principle that each living species has descended, with changes, from other species over time • Theory: well-tested explanation, supported by substantial evidence, that unifies a broad range of observ ...
Evolution Notes
Evolution Notes

... short to reproduce. (Bummer) ...
File
File

...  REPRODUCE!!!!!!!!!!!! THUS passing on their best suited traits… most adaptable to the environment.  Mantis Video ...
Quiz 1 Biology 1407 1) Catastrophism, meaning the regular
Quiz 1 Biology 1407 1) Catastrophism, meaning the regular

... 8) If Darwin had been aware of genes, and of their typical mode of transmission to subsequent generations, with which statement would he most likely have been in agreement? A) If natural selection can change one gene's frequency in a population over the course of generations then, given enough time ...
Natural Selection
Natural Selection

... Population: a localized group of individuals belonging to the same species Species: a group of populations whose individuals have the potential to interbreed and produce fertile offspring Gene pool: the total aggregate of genes in a population at any one time Population genetics: the study of geneti ...
A. Darwinian
A. Darwinian

... _______ The orange and black pattern of a Monarch butterfly serves as a warning to sharp-eyed birds that the Monarch is poisonous to eat and tastes bad. Individuals with the brightest color pattern were More likely to warn off birds and survive to reproduce than those with a dull or medium color pat ...
Unit 7: Change in Organisms Over Time
Unit 7: Change in Organisms Over Time

... through selection! ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... the following 5 conditions must exist (this is highly unlikely to ever happen) ...
Chemistry of Life Review
Chemistry of Life Review

... 9. Suppose two plant populations exchange pollen and seeds. In one population, individuals of genotype AA are most common (9000 AA, 900 Aa, 100 aa), while the opposite is true in the other population (11 AA, 900 Aa, 9000 aa). If neither allele has a selective advantage, what will happen overtime to ...
Midterm 1 Review
Midterm 1 Review

... 18. What are the conditions of the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? 19. Under what circumstance does evolution occur? List the conditions, and give an example for each 20. Why does recombination of existing alleles through sexual reproduction NOT change allele frequencies? 21. Explain the Hardy Weinberg ...
PY460: Physiological Psychology
PY460: Physiological Psychology

... Neither… it is a neutral event in which genes live on, but not you or necessarily the species as you know it. ...
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Inclusive fitness

In evolutionary biology inclusive fitness theory is a model for the evolution of social behaviors (traits), first set forward by W. D. Hamilton in 1963 and 1964. Instead of a trait's frequency increase being thought of only via its average effects on an organism's direct reproduction, Hamilton argued that its average effects on indirect reproduction, via identical copies of the trait in other individuals, also need to be taken into account. Hamilton's theory, alongside reciprocal altruism, is considered one of the two primary mechanisms for the evolution of social behaviors in natural species.From the gene's point of view, evolutionary success ultimately depends on leaving behind the maximum number of copies of itself in the population. Until 1964, it was generally believed that genes only achieved this by causing the individual to leave the maximum number of viable direct offspring. However, in 1964 W. D. Hamilton showed mathematically that, because other members of a population may share identical genes, a gene can also increase its evolutionary success by indirectly promoting the reproduction and survival of such individuals. The most obvious category of such individuals is close genetic relatives, and where these are concerned, the application of inclusive fitness theory is often more straightforwardly treated via the narrower kin selection theory.Belding's ground squirrel provides an example. The ground squirrel gives an alarm call to warn its local group of the presence of a predator. By emitting the alarm, it gives its own location away, putting itself in more danger. In the process, however, the squirrel may protect its relatives within the local group (along with the rest of the group). Therefore, if the effect of the trait influencing the alarm call typically protects the other squirrels in the immediate area, it will lead to the passing on of more of copies of the alarm call trait in the next generation than the squirrel could leave by reproducing on its own. In such a case natural selection will increase the trait that influences giving the alarm call, provided that a sufficient fraction of the shared genes include the gene(s) predisposing to the alarm call.Synalpheus regalis, a eusocial shrimp, also is an example of an organism whose social traits meet the inclusive fitness criterion. The larger defenders protect the young juveniles in the colony from outsiders. By ensuring the young's survival, the genes will continue to be passed on to future generations.Inclusive fitness is more generalized than strict kin selection, which requires that the shared genes are identical by descent. Inclusive fitness is not limited to cases where ""kin"" ('close genetic relatives') are involved.
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