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populations - s3.amazonaws.com
populations - s3.amazonaws.com

... • Individuals DO NOT evolve! • Individuals do not change to match changes in the environment • POPULATIONS are acted upon by natural selection, where less fit individuals are less likely to pass on their genes • This causes a change in the genetic makeup of the population as a whole ...
Darwin`s Theory
Darwin`s Theory

... environment and more likely to survive and reproduce • Factors that affect process: (fig. 5) 1. Overproduction 2. Variations 3. Competition ...
1. Evolution by Natural Selection What is Evolution all about? Chapter 13:
1. Evolution by Natural Selection What is Evolution all about? Chapter 13:

... Artificial Selection Selective breeding controlled by human beings. • dramatic differences in form & behavior result from selective breeding over “short” evolutionary time periods • illustrates the capacity for evolutionary change ...
1. Evolution by Natural Selection What is Evolution all about?
1. Evolution by Natural Selection What is Evolution all about?

... Artificial Selection Selective breeding controlled by human beings. • dramatic differences in form & behavior result from selective breeding over “short” evolutionary time periods • illustrates the capacity for evolutionary change ...
Chapter 13: How Populations Evolve
Chapter 13: How Populations Evolve

... Artificial Selection Selective breeding controlled by human beings. • dramatic differences in form & behavior result from selective breeding over “short” evolutionary time periods • illustrates the capacity for evolutionary change ...
Evolution Guided Reading
Evolution Guided Reading

... calculate the genotype frequencies for the three types of genotypes (rr, rw and ww). When these frequencies are summed up, what do they add up to? ...
BLY 303 Lecture Notes, Guest Lecture 10/27/11 (O`Brien) Patterns in
BLY 303 Lecture Notes, Guest Lecture 10/27/11 (O`Brien) Patterns in

... A taxon that diverged from another taxonomic group before members of the other group diverged from one another b. Used in statistical comparisons preparing phylogenetic trees ...
Comparison of Evolution Standards
Comparison of Evolution Standards

... 5.4.2 Outline the evidence for genetic makeup of cells and evolution provided by the fossil organisms (mutations) can cause record, selective breeding of changes in their physical domesticated animals and characteristics or behaviors. If ...
Chapters 15-17 Learning Objectives
Chapters 15-17 Learning Objectives

... 1. Demonstrate an ability to meet deadlines by turning in assignments on time. 2. Demonstrate an ability to use appropriate grammar and spelling and to make corrections as necessary. Essential Question A. What is evolutionary theory, and how does it explain how living organisms have changed over the ...
Study Guide Chapters 15-16 Evolution – also review ppt notes
Study Guide Chapters 15-16 Evolution – also review ppt notes

... _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ _____________________________________________ 3. Match each of the following terms to the statement Temporal isolation A. Share similar evolutionary history, as ...
Natural Selection - Willimon-PHS
Natural Selection - Willimon-PHS

... Natural Selection in Populations Population – group of organisms of the same species living together in a given region Natural Selection – process whereby organisms with favorable variations survive and produce more offspring than less well-adapted organisms ...
Chapter 15s-2015
Chapter 15s-2015

... b. If a population is in genetic equilibrium is it evolving?-----no b/c allelic frequencies are remaining the same, therefore there is no change 7. natural selection explains how organisms adapt to their environment & how variations can give rise to adaptations w/I a species 8. we now know that nat ...
Science 8 Topic 6 - The Best Selection Name
Science 8 Topic 6 - The Best Selection Name

... The diversity of life in the Galapagos Islands helped Darwin explain his theory of natural selection. It can be summed up in four statements: 1. All organisms produce more offspring than can possibly survive. 2. There is incredible variation within each species. 3. Some of the variations increase th ...
Chapter 19
Chapter 19

... • Artificial selection is the process by which humans select traits through breeding. Natural selection is a mechanism by which individuals that have inherited beneficial adaptations produce more offspring on average than do other individuals. • Natural selection explains how evolution can occur. • ...
Changes Over Time
Changes Over Time

... anatomical and developmental similarities across species. ...
Ch. 5 PPT
Ch. 5 PPT

... Ecosystem diversity- the variety of ecosystems within a given region. Species diversity- the variety of species in a given ecosystem. Genetic diversity- the variety of genes within a given species. ...
Chapter 13 Notes - Great Neck Public Schools
Chapter 13 Notes - Great Neck Public Schools

... 1. He could not explain the cause of variation among individuals (law of segregation and independent assortment, crossing over, mutation, etc…) within a population or the perpetuation of parents traits in their offspring. 2. He knew nothing of genes ...
Evolution
Evolution

... idea for natural selection.  Natural selection: mechanism by which individuals ...
Evolution Notes
Evolution Notes

... chance of surviving and reproducing will tend to decrease over time. ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... that the traits of a population could be changed by nonrandom mating. Example: Oranges with smaller and smaller seeds were bred until “seedless” oranges were created  In this case, farmers did not allow “nature to take its course”. They selected a trait they wanted and only bred plants that had tha ...
Document
Document

... 13. What could be some reasons evolution would occur. (circle any that apply) Competition mutations climate change hybrids natural selection 14. What is biological fitness? Ability to survive and reproduce 15. The situation in which allege frequencies remain constant is called equilibrium ( The pop ...
Possible snow day work 3/10 File
Possible snow day work 3/10 File

... _______1. The theory of evolution is most closely associated with the scientist a. Thomas Malthus b. Charles Darwin c. Alexander Fleming d. Charles Lyell. _______2. The finches that Darwin observed in the Galápagos Islands had a. lost the ability to fly b. extremely similar beak shapes and habits c. ...
Ch 14 powerpoint - Plain Local Schools
Ch 14 powerpoint - Plain Local Schools

... tools for testing hypothesis about evolution C. There is molecular evidence that there are common genetic codes shared by all species ...
Natural Selection
Natural Selection

... What do you know about evolution? Evolution is a population’s change in inheritable traits over time. One of the most common examples of evolution is an ape walking and evolving into an animal that stands in an upright position. One mechanism of evolution is natural selection. Natural selection is a ...
Acquired characteristics - University of West Alabama
Acquired characteristics - University of West Alabama

... “This preservation of favourable individual differences and variations, and the destruction of those that are injurious, I have called Natural Selection….” Charles Darwin ...
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Inclusive fitness

In evolutionary biology inclusive fitness theory is a model for the evolution of social behaviors (traits), first set forward by W. D. Hamilton in 1963 and 1964. Instead of a trait's frequency increase being thought of only via its average effects on an organism's direct reproduction, Hamilton argued that its average effects on indirect reproduction, via identical copies of the trait in other individuals, also need to be taken into account. Hamilton's theory, alongside reciprocal altruism, is considered one of the two primary mechanisms for the evolution of social behaviors in natural species.From the gene's point of view, evolutionary success ultimately depends on leaving behind the maximum number of copies of itself in the population. Until 1964, it was generally believed that genes only achieved this by causing the individual to leave the maximum number of viable direct offspring. However, in 1964 W. D. Hamilton showed mathematically that, because other members of a population may share identical genes, a gene can also increase its evolutionary success by indirectly promoting the reproduction and survival of such individuals. The most obvious category of such individuals is close genetic relatives, and where these are concerned, the application of inclusive fitness theory is often more straightforwardly treated via the narrower kin selection theory.Belding's ground squirrel provides an example. The ground squirrel gives an alarm call to warn its local group of the presence of a predator. By emitting the alarm, it gives its own location away, putting itself in more danger. In the process, however, the squirrel may protect its relatives within the local group (along with the rest of the group). Therefore, if the effect of the trait influencing the alarm call typically protects the other squirrels in the immediate area, it will lead to the passing on of more of copies of the alarm call trait in the next generation than the squirrel could leave by reproducing on its own. In such a case natural selection will increase the trait that influences giving the alarm call, provided that a sufficient fraction of the shared genes include the gene(s) predisposing to the alarm call.Synalpheus regalis, a eusocial shrimp, also is an example of an organism whose social traits meet the inclusive fitness criterion. The larger defenders protect the young juveniles in the colony from outsiders. By ensuring the young's survival, the genes will continue to be passed on to future generations.Inclusive fitness is more generalized than strict kin selection, which requires that the shared genes are identical by descent. Inclusive fitness is not limited to cases where ""kin"" ('close genetic relatives') are involved.
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