Download Study Guide Chapters 15-16 Evolution – also review ppt notes

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Due Date_____________ Test Date_________________
Study Guide Chapters 15-16 Evolution – also review ppt notes
1. What are the two main sources of genetic variation?
2. A. Label each of the graphs with the correct type of selection, and on line B explain what is
happening to the populations in each of the graphs.
A. _________________________________
B.
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__________________
A. _________________________________
A. _________________________________
B.
B.
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3. Match each of the following terms to the statement Temporal isolation
A. Share similar evolutionary history, as evidenced by DNA
similarities
 Behavioral isolation
B. Example: insects that mate in the early morning and insects
that mate at night
 Genetic equilibrium
C. Change in allele frequency due to migration of a small group
 Geographic isolation
D. Random changes in allele frequencies selecting for those
alleles that best adapted to the environment
 Gene pool
E. Allele frequencies remaining constant
 Genetic drift
F. All genetic information found in all members of the
population
 Founder effect
G. Type of reproductive isolation caused by mountains or
rivers
 Common ancestor
H. A change in courtship or other mating habits that prevent
them from breeding
4. List the 3 factors that are required to form a new species.
5. Hardy Weinberg principle requires what five genetic conditions needed to maintain constant
allele frequencies.
6. How does natural selection effect variation?
7. Explain Lamarck’s principle of “use and disuse.”
8. What are vestigial organs? Give an example
9. Circle the correct response of the following- there may be more than 1 answer.
Examples of fossils are: eggs
Fossil record : shows earth is
bones
ever changing
plant parts
foot prints
is very old
a detailed record of evolution
Genetic variation is caused by: selective breeding
10. Use the structures in the graphic to the
right to answer the following.
a. These structures represent
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_____________________________________________
b. The fact they are similar indicate that
all of the animals had what in
common?__________________________________
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mutations
allele frequency
gene shuffling
leaves
Fruit and buds
seeds
Insect eating
Worms and grubs can also eat eggs of insects
seeds
Uses tools
11. In looking at the differences of the beaks in the finches above how did natural selection act on each
of the finch types?
12. Which of the above is the common ancestor to the others? How do you know?
13. If each population of finches pictured above can no longer interbreed and they are able to produce
fertile offspring what type of isolation occurred?
14. What contributed to the success of the finches in the Galapagos?
15. If the insect eating finch and the worms and grubs finches migrated to a new island – predict what
you think might happen between the two finches as they search for food.
Before the Industrial Revolution, a light-colored variety of peppered moth was well camouflaged among
light-colored lichens that grew on the bark of trees around London. A dark-colored variety of the
peppered moth probably existed but was rarely observed. When industry was introduced in London,
soot killed the pollution-sensitive lichens, exposing dark tree bark. As a result, the dark- colored variety
of the moth population increased.
Table of Moths Captured over a 50 year Period in Industrial England
1845 1855 1860 1865 1870 1875 1880 1885 1890 1895
Light color
650
600
580
500
430
360
235
180
75
40
Dark color
40
60
120
240
467
667
680
725
780
790
1. Why did the light colored moths originally thrive in England before the industrial revolution?
2. Why did the light colored moth’s numbers decline as the industrial revolution spread throughout
England?
3. Why did the dark colored moth’s populations explode so dramatically?
4. Which alleles were more prevalent during the 1880’s? ___________________
5. Suppose England adopted stricter controls on the burning of coal and the amounts of pollutants
and soot produced. Further suppose that with less pollution the trees would regain their former
health; and, the lichen would begin to grow back on the trees. As a result, what would you expect
would happen to the moth populations by the end of the next century?