• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Explain - Dr. Spence EOC Review Page
Explain - Dr. Spence EOC Review Page

... Describe scientific explanations of the origin of life on Earth, such as those posed by: Miller and Urey, and Pasteur Identify conditions contributing to the origin of life on Earth, such as: ...
Unit Topic: Evolution and Classification Broad Concept: Evolution
Unit Topic: Evolution and Classification Broad Concept: Evolution

... 1. What is an acquired trait? Do acquired traits change the genotype of an organism? 2. Describe how both Darwin and Lamarck would explain how giraffes got a long neck. 3. Describe the three main sources of variation within a population. 4. If a trait increases an organism’s ability to survive but N ...
Evolution Power Point
Evolution Power Point

... Artificial selection is the intentional breeding of organisms with specific traits in order to produce offspring with identical traits. Natural selection occurs when organisms with favorable variations of traits survive in nature, reproduce, and pass these favorable variations to offspring. ...
UNIT 4: Evolution
UNIT 4: Evolution

... • If there is an over production of offspring this will result in a struggle for survival within the species as the resources become scarce and individuals in the population will start to compete for these. • This results in an increase in mortality rate as the weaker individuals in the population w ...
Evolution Power Point to Guided Notes
Evolution Power Point to Guided Notes

... Darwin noted that farmers and animal breeders bred for certain variations in plants and animals to improve crops and livestock. They would select for breeding only the largest hogs, the fastest horses, or the cows that produced the most milk. ...
Evolution and Biodiversity
Evolution and Biodiversity

... Traits must be already present “somewhere” in population for organism to adapt to changing environmental ...
Evolution ppt
Evolution ppt

... Concluded finches were different species, and were not on mainland of S. ...
EVOLUTION
EVOLUTION

... – Limited Resources are available for a population, leading to Competition. • Some survive, some don’t • Sometimes this is random ...
Evolution Notes
Evolution Notes

...  Store and release energy, selectively permeable membranes, may have acquired more characteristics of living cells ...
12-11-06 1 Laying the groundwork I: The birth of evolutionary theory
12-11-06 1 Laying the groundwork I: The birth of evolutionary theory

... Competition for finite resources ensures that many individuals within a species are eliminated because of inferior ability to survive and reproduce (low fitness). ...
Evolution Notes Pages
Evolution Notes Pages

...  Store and release energy, selectively permeable membranes, may have acquired more characteristics of living cells ...
Evolution Jeopardy Student
Evolution Jeopardy Student

... All of the following statements would be consistent with Darwin’s view of natural selection EXCEPT A. More offspring are born than can actually survive B. Individuals with traits favorable for survival are more likely to survive and reproduce C. Traits are passed from parents to offspring D. Mutati ...
File - Elko Science
File - Elko Science

... 7. Determine the age of rocks and fossils using radioactive dating. 8. Describe an example of homologous structures and vestigial structures. Explain how they provide evidence of evolution. 9. Explain how development and molecules provide evidence of evolution. 10. Interpret and develop a cladogram. ...
Evidence for change
Evidence for change

... • At first most people believed that species could not change, that there were a fixed number of species, and that each species had a given set of traits that remained with it forever. •As stronger evidence became more available, they began to see living things change over long periods of time. ...
File - Mrs. LeCompte
File - Mrs. LeCompte

... Thomas Malthus (an economist) proposed that human population growth is limited only by the availability of resources and the competition for these resources determines survival. Darwin used this to formulate his idea of natural selection. ...
Mechanisms of Evolution
Mechanisms of Evolution

... • It is more significant in smaller populations • It increases the chance of any given allele becoming more or less prevalent when the number of individuals is small ...
ACA Evolution Review Key
ACA Evolution Review Key

... permiana – was first described by researchers in Kansas in 1937 as having a wingspan of over 2 feet. It’s still considered one of the largest known insects that ever lived. Which of the following conclusions is supported by this information? A. Insects living today have increased their numbers since ...
PDF Chapter 2 Outlines File
PDF Chapter 2 Outlines File

... traits that enhanced an organism’s survival in an environment would increase in frequency over time. Darwin was influenced by ideas and concepts from different fields, including uniformitarianism, the idea that the natural processes affecting the earth are the same as in the past. Evolution by natur ...
Theory of Evolution
Theory of Evolution

... 1. The graphs illustrate change in a lizard population over time. Which process most likely led to the change in the lizard population? a. natural selection acting on a harmful trait b. natural selection acting on a beneficial trait c. natural selection acting on a dominant trait d. natural selecti ...
Darwin Outline
Darwin Outline

... children should be missing that leg when born, as it was not being “used”.. The change must occur in the DNA of a sperm or egg [gametes] to be passed on to the next generation.) C. Lamarck also makes no mention of the environment’s role in evolution. (Which he had wrong too.) ...
Evolution
Evolution

... • Mechanism for change in populations that occurs when organisms with favorable variations for a particular environment survive, reproduce and pass variations on to the next generation • Organisms with less favorable variations are less likely to survive and pass on traits to the next generation ...
Concept 14 - Plain Local Schools
Concept 14 - Plain Local Schools

... A. Darwin recognized that all species tend to produce excessive numbers of offspring B. Darwin also recognized there was variation among the individuals of a population IV. Artificial Selection A. Artificial selection is the selective breeding of domesticated plants and animals to produce offspring ...
Chapter 15—Evolution I. Section 1:Darwin`s Theory of
Chapter 15—Evolution I. Section 1:Darwin`s Theory of

... - operates in populations where males and females differ significantly in ____________. - Qualities of sexual attractiveness appear to be the ____________ of qualities that might enhance survival. F. Reproductive Isolation - only members of the ____________ species can breed - ____________ is the pr ...
evolution notes #1
evolution notes #1

... Individuals within a population vary in their traits. Some of these traits are heritable. More offspring are produced than can survive because of limited resources. Individuals with advantageous traits will survive and reproduce. ...
Ch.16Speciation ppt
Ch.16Speciation ppt

... 1. Earthquakes 2. Volcano’s ...
< 1 ... 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 ... 134 >

Inclusive fitness

In evolutionary biology inclusive fitness theory is a model for the evolution of social behaviors (traits), first set forward by W. D. Hamilton in 1963 and 1964. Instead of a trait's frequency increase being thought of only via its average effects on an organism's direct reproduction, Hamilton argued that its average effects on indirect reproduction, via identical copies of the trait in other individuals, also need to be taken into account. Hamilton's theory, alongside reciprocal altruism, is considered one of the two primary mechanisms for the evolution of social behaviors in natural species.From the gene's point of view, evolutionary success ultimately depends on leaving behind the maximum number of copies of itself in the population. Until 1964, it was generally believed that genes only achieved this by causing the individual to leave the maximum number of viable direct offspring. However, in 1964 W. D. Hamilton showed mathematically that, because other members of a population may share identical genes, a gene can also increase its evolutionary success by indirectly promoting the reproduction and survival of such individuals. The most obvious category of such individuals is close genetic relatives, and where these are concerned, the application of inclusive fitness theory is often more straightforwardly treated via the narrower kin selection theory.Belding's ground squirrel provides an example. The ground squirrel gives an alarm call to warn its local group of the presence of a predator. By emitting the alarm, it gives its own location away, putting itself in more danger. In the process, however, the squirrel may protect its relatives within the local group (along with the rest of the group). Therefore, if the effect of the trait influencing the alarm call typically protects the other squirrels in the immediate area, it will lead to the passing on of more of copies of the alarm call trait in the next generation than the squirrel could leave by reproducing on its own. In such a case natural selection will increase the trait that influences giving the alarm call, provided that a sufficient fraction of the shared genes include the gene(s) predisposing to the alarm call.Synalpheus regalis, a eusocial shrimp, also is an example of an organism whose social traits meet the inclusive fitness criterion. The larger defenders protect the young juveniles in the colony from outsiders. By ensuring the young's survival, the genes will continue to be passed on to future generations.Inclusive fitness is more generalized than strict kin selection, which requires that the shared genes are identical by descent. Inclusive fitness is not limited to cases where ""kin"" ('close genetic relatives') are involved.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report