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... et al., 2011). Several mutations were found, and the index family had combined partial disorders of two AKR1C enzymes, AKR1C2 and AKR1C4, whereas another patient had 46,XY DSD only with disordered AKR1C2 (Flück et al., 2011). This unique, newly described form of DSD supports the idea that the backdo ...
... et al., 2011). Several mutations were found, and the index family had combined partial disorders of two AKR1C enzymes, AKR1C2 and AKR1C4, whereas another patient had 46,XY DSD only with disordered AKR1C2 (Flück et al., 2011). This unique, newly described form of DSD supports the idea that the backdo ...
Screen Guidelines
... negatives. Typically, putative hits from pooled siRNA screens are evaluated by testing each siRNA alone. If an identical phenotype is observed for more than one siRNA, the likelihood of either the phenotype being a false-positive is reduced as it is unlikely that two non-overlapping siRNAs will prod ...
... negatives. Typically, putative hits from pooled siRNA screens are evaluated by testing each siRNA alone. If an identical phenotype is observed for more than one siRNA, the likelihood of either the phenotype being a false-positive is reduced as it is unlikely that two non-overlapping siRNAs will prod ...
Youngson and Whitelaw, 2008
... defense mechanism (140). In times of increased environmental stress, such as when more predators are present, there is less time for maternal care in the form of postnatal maternal licking/grooming and arched-back nursing (LG-ABN). Low levels of LG-ABN in the first week after birth cause offspring to ...
... defense mechanism (140). In times of increased environmental stress, such as when more predators are present, there is less time for maternal care in the form of postnatal maternal licking/grooming and arched-back nursing (LG-ABN). Low levels of LG-ABN in the first week after birth cause offspring to ...
Journal Club Pack - Circulation Research
... pELK-1, KLF4, and HDAC2, with the latter contributing to histone hypo-acetylation, chromatin remodeling, and transcriptional silencing. Studies provide novel evidence that phenotypic switching of SMC in vivo is mediated, at least in part, by binding of the stem cell pluripotency factor KLF4 to a G/C ...
... pELK-1, KLF4, and HDAC2, with the latter contributing to histone hypo-acetylation, chromatin remodeling, and transcriptional silencing. Studies provide novel evidence that phenotypic switching of SMC in vivo is mediated, at least in part, by binding of the stem cell pluripotency factor KLF4 to a G/C ...
Binding of ColEl-kan Plasmid DNA by Tobacco
... similar to those obtained by Uchimiya and Murashige (15) using Nicotiana glutinosa ?rotoplasts and [3H]DNA isolated from N. glutinosa (5.08 x 10- 4g DNA/protoplast). However, the numbers of genome equivalents represented by these two similar amounts of DNA are vastly different. In our experiment it ...
... similar to those obtained by Uchimiya and Murashige (15) using Nicotiana glutinosa ?rotoplasts and [3H]DNA isolated from N. glutinosa (5.08 x 10- 4g DNA/protoplast). However, the numbers of genome equivalents represented by these two similar amounts of DNA are vastly different. In our experiment it ...
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... Nonidet P-40 buffer (10 mM Tris\HCl, pH 7.5\150 mM NaCl\ 1 mM EDTA\0.2 % Nonidet P-40) containing 2 µl of either antiTFIIB (Babco) or anti-TFIIEβ (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) antibodies and rotated for 2 h at 4 mC. Immune complexes were then incubated for 1 h at 4 mC with 10 µl of Protein A\G–agarose, ...
... Nonidet P-40 buffer (10 mM Tris\HCl, pH 7.5\150 mM NaCl\ 1 mM EDTA\0.2 % Nonidet P-40) containing 2 µl of either antiTFIIB (Babco) or anti-TFIIEβ (Santa Cruz Biotechnology) antibodies and rotated for 2 h at 4 mC. Immune complexes were then incubated for 1 h at 4 mC with 10 µl of Protein A\G–agarose, ...
Caspary T, Cleary MA, Baker CC, Guan XJ, Tilghman SM. Mol Cell Biol. 1998 Jun;18(6):3466-74. Multiple mechanisms of imprinting on distal mouse chromosome 7.
... contains a cluster of four maternally expressed genes, H19, Mash2, Kvlqt1, and p57Kip2, as well as two paternally expressed genes, Igf2 and Ins2, and assess the expression and imprinting of Mash2, Kvlqt1, and p57Kip2 during development in embryonic and extraembryonic tissues. Unlike Igf2 and Ins2, w ...
... contains a cluster of four maternally expressed genes, H19, Mash2, Kvlqt1, and p57Kip2, as well as two paternally expressed genes, Igf2 and Ins2, and assess the expression and imprinting of Mash2, Kvlqt1, and p57Kip2 during development in embryonic and extraembryonic tissues. Unlike Igf2 and Ins2, w ...
Review Article
... In the cultures just described, cell volumes increased linearly in E. coli B/rA at doubling tmes of 25 and 40 min, in 15.coli 15THU at doubling times of 25 and about iO5 min, and in E. coli 12 WP2s at a doubling time of about 105 min (Kubitschek, 1986, 1990). In two ways, these results effectively r ...
... In the cultures just described, cell volumes increased linearly in E. coli B/rA at doubling tmes of 25 and 40 min, in 15.coli 15THU at doubling times of 25 and about iO5 min, and in E. coli 12 WP2s at a doubling time of about 105 min (Kubitschek, 1986, 1990). In two ways, these results effectively r ...
Molecular genetics analysis of in vitro produced
... positively correlated with developmental competence of oocytes in cattle (Pavlok et al. 1992). Oocytes retrieved from ovaries that have at least one follicle larger than 10 mm in diameter or with more than 10 follicles of 2 to 5 mm size have a high developmental potential. In contrast, oocytes retri ...
... positively correlated with developmental competence of oocytes in cattle (Pavlok et al. 1992). Oocytes retrieved from ovaries that have at least one follicle larger than 10 mm in diameter or with more than 10 follicles of 2 to 5 mm size have a high developmental potential. In contrast, oocytes retri ...
Transition bias and substitution models
... – they are less likely to disrupt RNA secondary structure than transversions. ...
... – they are less likely to disrupt RNA secondary structure than transversions. ...
A Novel CpG Island Set Identifies Tissue-Specific
... DNA methylation in the mammalian genome arises due to covalent addition of a methyl group to the 59 position of cytosine in the context of the palindromic dinucleotide, CpG. This modification is established and maintained by a family of DNA methyltransferases that are essential for development and vi ...
... DNA methylation in the mammalian genome arises due to covalent addition of a methyl group to the 59 position of cytosine in the context of the palindromic dinucleotide, CpG. This modification is established and maintained by a family of DNA methyltransferases that are essential for development and vi ...
The Mammalian Mismatch Repair Pathway Removes DNA 8
... of Msh2 and Ogg1 inactivation on the steady-state DNA 8-oxoG level were additive, and DNA from msh2⫺/⫺/ ogg1⫺/⫺ MEFs contained 4-fold more 8-oxoG than wildtype MEF DNA (Figure 4A). Inactivation of ogg1 also affected the amount of 8-oxoG in DNA after H2O2 treatment. This effect was also additive with ...
... of Msh2 and Ogg1 inactivation on the steady-state DNA 8-oxoG level were additive, and DNA from msh2⫺/⫺/ ogg1⫺/⫺ MEFs contained 4-fold more 8-oxoG than wildtype MEF DNA (Figure 4A). Inactivation of ogg1 also affected the amount of 8-oxoG in DNA after H2O2 treatment. This effect was also additive with ...
Cell cycle regulation in Caulobacter - Journal of Cell Science
... begins another round of DNA replication and cell division, whereas the swarmer undergoes an obligate period of growth and differentiation before beginning the cycle anew. The temporal coordination of the events described above is mediated in large part by regulated transcription of components that a ...
... begins another round of DNA replication and cell division, whereas the swarmer undergoes an obligate period of growth and differentiation before beginning the cycle anew. The temporal coordination of the events described above is mediated in large part by regulated transcription of components that a ...
Slide 1 - Kenwood Academy High School
... Gene therapy is the practice of inserting functional genes into a person’s genome to replace faulty genes. Doctors and medical researchers are working to restore function to cells that are affected by genetic disorders. To accomplish this goal, scientists have to get the right gene to the right cell ...
... Gene therapy is the practice of inserting functional genes into a person’s genome to replace faulty genes. Doctors and medical researchers are working to restore function to cells that are affected by genetic disorders. To accomplish this goal, scientists have to get the right gene to the right cell ...
Chapter 20
... Concept 20.2: DNA technology allows us to study the sequence, expression, and function of a gene • DNA cloning allows researchers to – Compare genes and alleles between individuals – Locate gene expression in a body – Determine the role of a gene in an organism ...
... Concept 20.2: DNA technology allows us to study the sequence, expression, and function of a gene • DNA cloning allows researchers to – Compare genes and alleles between individuals – Locate gene expression in a body – Determine the role of a gene in an organism ...
Chapter 20 powerpoint - Bremen High School District 228
... dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTP) attach to synthesized DNA strands of different lengths • Each type of ddNTP is tagged with a distinct fluorescent label that identifies the nucleotide at the end of each DNA fragment • The DNA sequence can be read from the ...
... dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTP) attach to synthesized DNA strands of different lengths • Each type of ddNTP is tagged with a distinct fluorescent label that identifies the nucleotide at the end of each DNA fragment • The DNA sequence can be read from the ...
Chapter 20
... dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTP) attach to synthesized DNA strands of different lengths • Each type of ddNTP is tagged with a distinct fluorescent label that identifies the nucleotide at the end of each DNA fragment • The DNA sequence can be read from the ...
... dideoxyribonucleotides (ddNTP) attach to synthesized DNA strands of different lengths • Each type of ddNTP is tagged with a distinct fluorescent label that identifies the nucleotide at the end of each DNA fragment • The DNA sequence can be read from the ...
5` Flanking Sequences of the Rat Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Target
... Taken together, these studies indicate that none of the transgenic lineages so far examined have demonstrated completely correct tissue-specific expression. In all cases, some appropriate TH-positive cell groups do express the linked reporter, while others do not; in addition, ectopic CNS expression ...
... Taken together, these studies indicate that none of the transgenic lineages so far examined have demonstrated completely correct tissue-specific expression. In all cases, some appropriate TH-positive cell groups do express the linked reporter, while others do not; in addition, ectopic CNS expression ...
Development of Male and Female Reproductive System
... mesothelium develops on the medial side of the mesonephros: A Pair Of Gonadal(genital) Ridges ...
... mesothelium develops on the medial side of the mesonephros: A Pair Of Gonadal(genital) Ridges ...
Epigenetics & Chromatin Xist through transcriptional control of Dnmt3a
... Background: X chromosome inactivation is the mechanism used in mammals to achieve dosage compensation of X-linked genes in XX females relative to XY males. Chromosome silencing is triggered in cis by expression of the non-coding RNA Xist. As such, correct regulation of the Xist gene promoter is requ ...
... Background: X chromosome inactivation is the mechanism used in mammals to achieve dosage compensation of X-linked genes in XX females relative to XY males. Chromosome silencing is triggered in cis by expression of the non-coding RNA Xist. As such, correct regulation of the Xist gene promoter is requ ...
Lgi1 null mutant mice exhibit myoclonic seizures
... and heterozygous littermates (Fig. 3). To examine temporal expression of Lgi1, we performed RT – PCR analysis on hippocampal mRNA from wild-type and heterozygous mutant littermates. Lgi1 expression was identified in all animals from 4 days old (P4) through 23 days old (P23) (Fig. 3). In this semi-qu ...
... and heterozygous littermates (Fig. 3). To examine temporal expression of Lgi1, we performed RT – PCR analysis on hippocampal mRNA from wild-type and heterozygous mutant littermates. Lgi1 expression was identified in all animals from 4 days old (P4) through 23 days old (P23) (Fig. 3). In this semi-qu ...
Induction of XIST expression from the human active
... on the inactive X chromosome, particularly in somatic cell hybrids (reviewed in 7). The XIST gene is the only gene known to be expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome (8) and is localised to the smallest interval of the X chromosome required in cis for inactivation to occur (9,10). The ...
... on the inactive X chromosome, particularly in somatic cell hybrids (reviewed in 7). The XIST gene is the only gene known to be expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome (8) and is localised to the smallest interval of the X chromosome required in cis for inactivation to occur (9,10). The ...
Introduction to Bioinformatics.
... Example of an Affymetrix microarray simulation. Example of the simulated singlechannel oligonucleotide microarray slide image (crop from top left corner) (a). We have used an Affymetrix .cel file as the ground truth data. Thus the text about the slide type is ...
... Example of an Affymetrix microarray simulation. Example of the simulated singlechannel oligonucleotide microarray slide image (crop from top left corner) (a). We have used an Affymetrix .cel file as the ground truth data. Thus the text about the slide type is ...
Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å
... constructed from three α-helices connected by two loops, L1 and L2, denoted as α1-L1-α2-L2-α3 (Fig. 1c). These regions form crescent-shaped heterodimers in the pairings H3-H4 (Fig. 2a) and H2A-H2B (Fig. 2b) and bind 2.5 turns of DNA double helix, which arcs around them along their long axes to gener ...
... constructed from three α-helices connected by two loops, L1 and L2, denoted as α1-L1-α2-L2-α3 (Fig. 1c). These regions form crescent-shaped heterodimers in the pairings H3-H4 (Fig. 2a) and H2A-H2B (Fig. 2b) and bind 2.5 turns of DNA double helix, which arcs around them along their long axes to gener ...
MicroRNA: A novel class of master regulators of gene expression
... only partial base complementarity with their corresponding microRNA, individual microRNAs may target as many as 100 different mRNAs. Additionally, individual mRNAs may contain multiple binding sites for different microRNA, leading to a complex network of gene regulation. MicroRNA and disease MicroRN ...
... only partial base complementarity with their corresponding microRNA, individual microRNAs may target as many as 100 different mRNAs. Additionally, individual mRNAs may contain multiple binding sites for different microRNA, leading to a complex network of gene regulation. MicroRNA and disease MicroRN ...