Green Fluorescent Protein
... GFP as a biosensor GFP is used within various fields of biology like molecular biology, neuroscience and cell biology. It can be used as a reporter gene, cell marker, fusion tag, and for quantitative monitoring of gene expression. GFP’s fluorescence characteristic can also be used in methods design ...
... GFP as a biosensor GFP is used within various fields of biology like molecular biology, neuroscience and cell biology. It can be used as a reporter gene, cell marker, fusion tag, and for quantitative monitoring of gene expression. GFP’s fluorescence characteristic can also be used in methods design ...
Sequence-based predictions of membrane-protein topology, homology and insertion
... major role in the origin of the field of bioinformatics, which deals with annotation, storage and analysis of such biological data. Accordingly, one of the first disciplines within bioinformatics, and still one of the largest, has been that of sequence analysis. Methods for automatic annotation of ...
... major role in the origin of the field of bioinformatics, which deals with annotation, storage and analysis of such biological data. Accordingly, one of the first disciplines within bioinformatics, and still one of the largest, has been that of sequence analysis. Methods for automatic annotation of ...
... Rabies virus IS the prototype VIruS of the genus Lyssavirus, and has a large geographic distribution in Africa and Europe (King and Crick, 1988; Bourhy et aI., 1993). Control of the disease and epidemiological monitoring of the virus have histOlically been the main focus of rabies virus research. Th ...
Study of Different Variants of Mo Enzyme crARC and the Interaction
... stability of crARC activity at 22 and 4 ◦ C by determining its NHC reduction activity at different times. The NHC substrate selected to be reduced in this assay was the model substrate benzamidoxime [4]. The crARC reduction activity was determined in vitro in two ways, using either dithionite or NAD ...
... stability of crARC activity at 22 and 4 ◦ C by determining its NHC reduction activity at different times. The NHC substrate selected to be reduced in this assay was the model substrate benzamidoxime [4]. The crARC reduction activity was determined in vitro in two ways, using either dithionite or NAD ...
PhoR, PhoP and MshC: Three essential proteins of Mycobacterium
... oxidative stress and electrophilic toxins in actinomycetes. Previous studies suggest MSH is critical for the survival of M.tb, leading to its attractiveness as a potential drug target. MshC is the penultimate enzyme of the mycothiol (MSH) biosynthetic pathway, catalyzing the ATP-dependent ligation o ...
... oxidative stress and electrophilic toxins in actinomycetes. Previous studies suggest MSH is critical for the survival of M.tb, leading to its attractiveness as a potential drug target. MshC is the penultimate enzyme of the mycothiol (MSH) biosynthetic pathway, catalyzing the ATP-dependent ligation o ...
29 Pathways of Sugar Metabolism: Pentose
... seminal fluid. Spermatozoa use fructose as a major fuel source while in the seminal fluid and then switch to glucose once in the female reproductive tract. Utilization of fructose is thought to prevent acrosomal breakdown of the plasma membrane (and consequent activation) while the spermatozoa are s ...
... seminal fluid. Spermatozoa use fructose as a major fuel source while in the seminal fluid and then switch to glucose once in the female reproductive tract. Utilization of fructose is thought to prevent acrosomal breakdown of the plasma membrane (and consequent activation) while the spermatozoa are s ...
AP BIOLOGY term 1, 2014
... day10: DUE: Finish lab write-up, discuss, turn in. of paper to discover a secondary Work in small groups on “Reaction Rates” structure of protein! (Link to Youtube) day 11: DUE: Finish “Reaction Rates” correct, turn in. Lab Quiz Lecture: Essay Writing: “Action Verbs”, Weebly: “DOs and DON’Ts”, Weebl ...
... day10: DUE: Finish lab write-up, discuss, turn in. of paper to discover a secondary Work in small groups on “Reaction Rates” structure of protein! (Link to Youtube) day 11: DUE: Finish “Reaction Rates” correct, turn in. Lab Quiz Lecture: Essay Writing: “Action Verbs”, Weebly: “DOs and DON’Ts”, Weebl ...
A non-canonical pathway for aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in
... Microarray analysis................................................................................... 54 RT-PCR ......................................................................................................... 55 ...
... Microarray analysis................................................................................... 54 RT-PCR ......................................................................................................... 55 ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism in Rhizobium trifolii
... Mutagenesis and isolation of mutant strains. Bacteria were grown to a density of approximately 108 ml-1 in the non-selective medium (Table 2) and then treated with 200 pg N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine ml-1. After 20 min, bacteria were sedimented, washed twice in the medium used for mutagenesi ...
... Mutagenesis and isolation of mutant strains. Bacteria were grown to a density of approximately 108 ml-1 in the non-selective medium (Table 2) and then treated with 200 pg N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine ml-1. After 20 min, bacteria were sedimented, washed twice in the medium used for mutagenesi ...
Effects of Metformin and a Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR
... complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first complex, mTORC1 selectively binds Raptor (Regulatory associated protein of mammalian Target of Rapamycin), and other proteins including mLST8 (mammalian Lethal with Sac 13 protein 8), Deptor, and PRAS40. mTORC1 integrates signals from the ins ...
... complex 1 (mTORC1) and mTOR complex 2 (mTORC2). The first complex, mTORC1 selectively binds Raptor (Regulatory associated protein of mammalian Target of Rapamycin), and other proteins including mLST8 (mammalian Lethal with Sac 13 protein 8), Deptor, and PRAS40. mTORC1 integrates signals from the ins ...
UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository)
... recombinant DNA technology to restructure metabolic networks for improvement of production of bioproducts (Bailey, 1991), provides many possibilities to optimize cellular functions for a particular application. In contrast to the precision that recombinant DNA techniques offer to change the cell gen ...
... recombinant DNA technology to restructure metabolic networks for improvement of production of bioproducts (Bailey, 1991), provides many possibilities to optimize cellular functions for a particular application. In contrast to the precision that recombinant DNA techniques offer to change the cell gen ...
Platelets stimulate airway smooth muscle cell proliferation through mechanisms
... potent mediators of inflammation and allergic reactions [13]. A number of studies have also shown that 5-LOX metabolites influence on cell proliferation although the effects are celltype specific [14-17]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently been identified as important mediators of cell prol ...
... potent mediators of inflammation and allergic reactions [13]. A number of studies have also shown that 5-LOX metabolites influence on cell proliferation although the effects are celltype specific [14-17]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have recently been identified as important mediators of cell prol ...
c Syun-Ru Yeh‡ and Denis L. Rousseau
... which is covalently linked to Cys-14 and Cys-17 through thioether linkages. At pH 5.9, the equilibrium titration curve from CD measurements coincides well with that from the fluorescence measurements with a midpoint of approximately 2.5 M as shown in Fig. 1A. To gain more structural information, the ...
... which is covalently linked to Cys-14 and Cys-17 through thioether linkages. At pH 5.9, the equilibrium titration curve from CD measurements coincides well with that from the fluorescence measurements with a midpoint of approximately 2.5 M as shown in Fig. 1A. To gain more structural information, the ...
Structure, prediction, evolution and genome wide studies of membrane proteins
... • One less obvious thing is that molecules need to be located at the right place at the right time. One thing that aids this is compartmentalisation, when molecules are kept separated by different kinds of barriers. For instance, the DNA molecule of a cell needs to be located inside the cell, if it ...
... • One less obvious thing is that molecules need to be located at the right place at the right time. One thing that aids this is compartmentalisation, when molecules are kept separated by different kinds of barriers. For instance, the DNA molecule of a cell needs to be located inside the cell, if it ...
Familial Hyperlipidemias - Welcome to the Department of
... Reconverted to HDL3 by hepatic lipase Exchange CE for TG with VLDL, IDL, LDL and remnants via CETP which are then indirectly delivered to the liver and taken up by remnant receptor (MAJOR) Via SR-B1 receptor deposit CEs directly to ...
... Reconverted to HDL3 by hepatic lipase Exchange CE for TG with VLDL, IDL, LDL and remnants via CETP which are then indirectly delivered to the liver and taken up by remnant receptor (MAJOR) Via SR-B1 receptor deposit CEs directly to ...
CHAPTER 6
... other aspects of metabolism are regulated by hormones, including insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, and the glucocorticoids • Insulin is a response to increased blood glucose • Insulin triggers glycogen synthesis when blood glucose rises – Between meals, blood glucose is 70-90 mg/dL – Glucose rises to ...
... other aspects of metabolism are regulated by hormones, including insulin, glucagon, epinephrine, and the glucocorticoids • Insulin is a response to increased blood glucose • Insulin triggers glycogen synthesis when blood glucose rises – Between meals, blood glucose is 70-90 mg/dL – Glucose rises to ...
The Early Interaction of the Outer Membrane Protein PhoE with
... conversion between these states can be modulated in vitro by phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, and bivalent cations (16). The function of these two different forms of Skp in vivo is not yet known. Previously, it was demonstrated that Skp binds selectively to OmpA and proteins of the bacterial pori ...
... conversion between these states can be modulated in vitro by phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, and bivalent cations (16). The function of these two different forms of Skp in vivo is not yet known. Previously, it was demonstrated that Skp binds selectively to OmpA and proteins of the bacterial pori ...
Mutations lowering the phosphatase activity of HPr kinase
... L.casei hprK alleles were inserted into His tag expression vectors and the encoded HprK/Ps were puri®ed and tested for HPr kinase and phosphatase activity. In the V267F, G270E and N272I mutant HprK/Ps, the HPr kinase activity was only slightly reduced, whereas G160S mutant HprK/P exhibited low HPr k ...
... L.casei hprK alleles were inserted into His tag expression vectors and the encoded HprK/Ps were puri®ed and tested for HPr kinase and phosphatase activity. In the V267F, G270E and N272I mutant HprK/Ps, the HPr kinase activity was only slightly reduced, whereas G160S mutant HprK/P exhibited low HPr k ...
Fatty Acid and Glucose Sensors in Hepatic Lipid Metabolism
... the uptake of FA into the mitochondrial matrix via carnitine-palmityl-transferase 1 (CPT-1), which is inhibited by malonyl-CoA.16,17 Fatty acids can be metabolized exclusively in the presence of oxygen as the final acceptor of the reducing equivalents deriving from their oxidation by the four mitocho ...
... the uptake of FA into the mitochondrial matrix via carnitine-palmityl-transferase 1 (CPT-1), which is inhibited by malonyl-CoA.16,17 Fatty acids can be metabolized exclusively in the presence of oxygen as the final acceptor of the reducing equivalents deriving from their oxidation by the four mitocho ...
Tetrahydrobiopterin and its functions
... Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is essential for diverse processes and is ubiquitously present in all tissues of higher organisms. It is well established as essential cofactor for various enzyme activities to activate dioxygen, and for less defined functions at the cellular level. The latter function of B ...
... Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) is essential for diverse processes and is ubiquitously present in all tissues of higher organisms. It is well established as essential cofactor for various enzyme activities to activate dioxygen, and for less defined functions at the cellular level. The latter function of B ...
Evolution of Amino Acid Metabolism Inferred through Cladistic
... units,” “terminals,” often “species,” or “individuals.” These words are not strictly equivalent. By convenience we often call them “taxons.” Among those different things we detect that some structures are under different versions. To formalize that observation we create a column in a table called a ...
... units,” “terminals,” often “species,” or “individuals.” These words are not strictly equivalent. By convenience we often call them “taxons.” Among those different things we detect that some structures are under different versions. To formalize that observation we create a column in a table called a ...
Acetate kinase from CIostridiurn acetobutylicurn : a highly specific
... solvent-producing conditions with no significant differences a t the level of transcription. Keywords : acetate kinase, ack gene, acidogenesis, butyrate kinase, Clostridium acetobutylicum ...
... solvent-producing conditions with no significant differences a t the level of transcription. Keywords : acetate kinase, ack gene, acidogenesis, butyrate kinase, Clostridium acetobutylicum ...
The potato tuber mitochondrial proteome
... tobacco leaves for subcellular localization by fluorescence microscope. Out of the total ...
... tobacco leaves for subcellular localization by fluorescence microscope. Out of the total ...
PSI
... PolyQ domains can expand and contract PolyQ often serve to mediate interaction between proteins Expansion of polyQ stretches can result in toxicity of corresponding proteins while their contraction may inhibit biological function of these proteins Insertion of non-Q/N amino acid residues int ...
... PolyQ domains can expand and contract PolyQ often serve to mediate interaction between proteins Expansion of polyQ stretches can result in toxicity of corresponding proteins while their contraction may inhibit biological function of these proteins Insertion of non-Q/N amino acid residues int ...
Gene Section CDC25A (cell division cycle 25A) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... - It is a member of the M-phase inducer (MPI) phosphatase family protein, which not only regulates mitotic progression by activating mitotic CDKs in a dosage-dependent manner, it is also equally important for G1 to S-phase transition. - During G1 to S transition, it activates CDK2 by removing two in ...
... - It is a member of the M-phase inducer (MPI) phosphatase family protein, which not only regulates mitotic progression by activating mitotic CDKs in a dosage-dependent manner, it is also equally important for G1 to S-phase transition. - During G1 to S transition, it activates CDK2 by removing two in ...
Paracrine signalling
Paracrine signaling is a form of cell-cell communication in which a cell produces a signal to induce changes in nearby cells, altering the behavior or differentiation of those cells. Signaling molecules known as paracrine factors diffuse over a relatively short distance (local action), as opposed to endocrine factors (hormones which travel considerably longer distances via the circulatory system), juxtacrine interactions, and autocrine signaling. Cells that produce paracrine factors secrete them into the immediate extracellular environment. Factors then travel to nearby cells in which the gradient of factor received determines the outcome. However, the exact distance that paracrine factors can travel is not certain.Although paracrine signaling elicits a diverse array of responses in the induced cells, most paracrine factors utilize a relatively streamlined set of receptors and pathways. In fact, different organs in the body -even between different species - are known to utilize a similar sets of paracrine factors in differential development. The highly conserved receptors and pathways can be organized into four major families based on similar structures: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family, Hedgehog family, Wnt family, and TGF-β superfamily. Binding of a paracrine factor to its respective receptor initiates signal transduction cascades, eliciting different responses.