Dehydration notes
... Why does reaction with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) lead to elimination (this week’s lab) while reaction with HCl leads to substitution (last week’s lab)? - Hint: Compare HCl and H3PO4 (look at pg. 23 of the PDF file posted on Blackboard) ...
... Why does reaction with phosphoric acid (H3PO4) lead to elimination (this week’s lab) while reaction with HCl leads to substitution (last week’s lab)? - Hint: Compare HCl and H3PO4 (look at pg. 23 of the PDF file posted on Blackboard) ...
... to chiral alcohols has attracted much attention, since many chiral alcohols are highly valuable intermediates for preparing chiral pharmaceutical and agricultural products. Despite the organoaluminium reagents are economically obtained in industrial scale, their use is rare. In this respect, the few ...
sn2 reactions of alkyl halides
... The reaction mixtures from this experiment should be collected in the labeled waste container. Do not put them down the drain. Ask your teaching assistant if you have any questions concerning the proper procedures for waste disposal. Part 1: Effect of Structure of the Alkyl Halide on the Relative Ra ...
... The reaction mixtures from this experiment should be collected in the labeled waste container. Do not put them down the drain. Ask your teaching assistant if you have any questions concerning the proper procedures for waste disposal. Part 1: Effect of Structure of the Alkyl Halide on the Relative Ra ...
Addition Reactions
... acid-catalyzed hydration of an alkene is regioselective; hydrogen adds preferentially to the sp2 carbon with less # of hydrogens. ...
... acid-catalyzed hydration of an alkene is regioselective; hydrogen adds preferentially to the sp2 carbon with less # of hydrogens. ...
... showed that the amino acid ligand shown is critical for high conversion. Instructively, hexafluorobenzene is preferred to toluene to avoid competing olefination of the solvent. In general, yields were higher with electron-rich arenes (R1 = Me, OMe) compared to electron-poor ones (R1 = Hal, CF3). The ...
1. 4-methyl-4-octanol oxidizes to form a) 4-methyl-4
... a) are, are not b) are not, are not c) are, are d) are not, are 21.Of the following, which would have the highest boiling point? a) propane b) propanal c) propanoic acid d) methyl ethyl ether. 22. Of the following aldehydes, which is most soluble in water a) methanoic acid b) ethananoic acid c) prop ...
... a) are, are not b) are not, are not c) are, are d) are not, are 21.Of the following, which would have the highest boiling point? a) propane b) propanal c) propanoic acid d) methyl ethyl ether. 22. Of the following aldehydes, which is most soluble in water a) methanoic acid b) ethananoic acid c) prop ...
Industriel katalys
... Decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions Chan-Lam coupling reaction Choice of catalyst precursor, ligand, base and solvent, cesium-effect i) C-H actication, direct arylation, trifluoromethylation -Arylation of ketones Allylic C-H activation Fluorination and trifluoromethylation reactions Direct ary ...
... Decarboxylative cross-coupling reactions Chan-Lam coupling reaction Choice of catalyst precursor, ligand, base and solvent, cesium-effect i) C-H actication, direct arylation, trifluoromethylation -Arylation of ketones Allylic C-H activation Fluorination and trifluoromethylation reactions Direct ary ...
10.2 Functional group chemistry Hydrocarbons
... Alkanes contain only C-C and C-H bonds. Both of these are strong bonds with bond enthalpies of 348 kJ/mol and 412 kJ/mol, respectively. These molecules will only react in the presence of a source of energy strong enough to break these bonds. Most alkanes are stable under most conditions and ...
... Alkanes contain only C-C and C-H bonds. Both of these are strong bonds with bond enthalpies of 348 kJ/mol and 412 kJ/mol, respectively. These molecules will only react in the presence of a source of energy strong enough to break these bonds. Most alkanes are stable under most conditions and ...
CHE-05 year 2004
... Suggest the structure of the alkene/diene that give the following products: i) ...
... Suggest the structure of the alkene/diene that give the following products: i) ...
Year 13 Organic Chemistry Test
... A second alcohol, 2-methyl propan-2-ol, will not give a positive breathalyzer test. Why not? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ...
... A second alcohol, 2-methyl propan-2-ol, will not give a positive breathalyzer test. Why not? _____________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________ ...
Exam 3 - Organic Chemistry at CU Boulder
... ester. The reaction starts with the ester in an alkoxide/alcohol solution and is worked up with acid to form the neutral β–keto ester product. Show the curved arrow mechanism for the Claisen condensation of ethyl ethanoate treated ethoxide ion. In each step, draw only the species that react in that ...
... ester. The reaction starts with the ester in an alkoxide/alcohol solution and is worked up with acid to form the neutral β–keto ester product. Show the curved arrow mechanism for the Claisen condensation of ethyl ethanoate treated ethoxide ion. In each step, draw only the species that react in that ...
Review and New - ChemConnections
... • Treatment of 1-propanol with K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, and heat will produce: ...
... • Treatment of 1-propanol with K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, and heat will produce: ...
CHE-06 year 2004
... Write the conjugate bases of each of the following acids and arrange the bases in the order of decreasing basicity. Explain your answer. ...
... Write the conjugate bases of each of the following acids and arrange the bases in the order of decreasing basicity. Explain your answer. ...
Alkynes
... An alkyl halide can eliminate a hydrogen halide molecule, HX, to produce a pi bond. Recall that HX can be added to a double bond to make an alkyl halide. HX can also be removed by strong base, called dehydrohalogenation. Preparation of alkene ...
... An alkyl halide can eliminate a hydrogen halide molecule, HX, to produce a pi bond. Recall that HX can be added to a double bond to make an alkyl halide. HX can also be removed by strong base, called dehydrohalogenation. Preparation of alkene ...
Ethers, Sulfides, Epoxides
... haloform, HCX3 only occurs if there is an a methyl group, a methyl directly attached to the carbonyl. If done with iodine then the formation of iodoform, HCI3, a bright yellow precipitate, is a test for an a methyl group (iodoform test). ...
... haloform, HCX3 only occurs if there is an a methyl group, a methyl directly attached to the carbonyl. If done with iodine then the formation of iodoform, HCI3, a bright yellow precipitate, is a test for an a methyl group (iodoform test). ...
Chem 341 Review for Finals Key Reactions Mechanisms
... • RMgBr (Grignard Reagents) –Preparation from alkyl halides –Reactions with aldehydes, ketones, and esters • Nucleophilic Addition to Ketones – Irreversible additions: LiAlH4 RMgBr – Reversible additions: alcohols => hemiacetal & acetal – Addition-Elimination: amines => imines ...
... • RMgBr (Grignard Reagents) –Preparation from alkyl halides –Reactions with aldehydes, ketones, and esters • Nucleophilic Addition to Ketones – Irreversible additions: LiAlH4 RMgBr – Reversible additions: alcohols => hemiacetal & acetal – Addition-Elimination: amines => imines ...
Exam 3 Review
... It is particularly important to study and do the problems for the following sections: ...
... It is particularly important to study and do the problems for the following sections: ...
Chapter 11: Reactions at an sp3 Hybridized Carbon III
... • In this case, however, the stability of tertiary carbocation which results from H– shifting and substituting for CH3OH makes this reaction work with HCl • If tertiary carbocations can be formed then HCl is strong enough to cleave ethers ...
... • In this case, however, the stability of tertiary carbocation which results from H– shifting and substituting for CH3OH makes this reaction work with HCl • If tertiary carbocations can be formed then HCl is strong enough to cleave ethers ...
Baylis–Hillman reaction
The Baylis–Hillman reaction is a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction between the α-position of an activated alkene and an aldehyde, or generally a carbon electrophile. Employing a nucleophilic catalyst, such as tertiary amine and phosphine, this reaction provides a densely functionalized product (e.g. functionalized allyl alcohol in the case of aldehyde as the electrophile). This reaction is also known as the Morita–Baylis–Hillman reaction or MBH reaction. It is named for the Japanese chemist Ken-ichi Morita, the British chemist Anthony B. Baylis and the German chemist Melville E. D. Hillman.DABCO is one of the most frequently used tertiary amine catalysts for this reaction. In addition, nucleophilic amines such as DMAP and DBU as well as phosphines have been found to successfully catalyze this reaction.MBH reaction has several advantages as a useful synthetic method: 1) It is an atom-economic coupling of easily prepared starting materials. 2) Reaction of a pro-chiral electrophile generates a chiral center, therefore an asymmetric synthesis is possible. 3) Reaction products usually contain multiple functionalities in a proximity so that a variety of further transformations are possible. 4) It can employ a nucleophilic organo-catalytic system without the use of heavy metal under mild conditions.Several reviews have been written.