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The Body`s Defenses
... Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
Cryptic T-Cell Epitopes and their Role in the
... fragments which are normally `hidden' can occur. Epitopes which are located within such fragments are termed cryptic. There is increasing evidence that the revelation of cryptic self-epitopes may be an important requirement for initiating autoimmune diseases. T lymphocytes use clonally unique antige ...
... fragments which are normally `hidden' can occur. Epitopes which are located within such fragments are termed cryptic. There is increasing evidence that the revelation of cryptic self-epitopes may be an important requirement for initiating autoimmune diseases. T lymphocytes use clonally unique antige ...
The plasmacytoid dendritic cell: at the cross-roads in asthma
... murine pDCs express the surface antigen CD45RA and lack the myeloid marker CD11b, although subtle differences exist as human, but not murine, pDCs express the surface markers blood DC antigen (BDCA)-2 (CD303), BDCA-4 (CD304), immunoglobulin-like transcript 7 (ILT7), and the IL-3 receptor-a chain (CD ...
... murine pDCs express the surface antigen CD45RA and lack the myeloid marker CD11b, although subtle differences exist as human, but not murine, pDCs express the surface markers blood DC antigen (BDCA)-2 (CD303), BDCA-4 (CD304), immunoglobulin-like transcript 7 (ILT7), and the IL-3 receptor-a chain (CD ...
Exploring S-Shaped Growth
... classic examples of S-shaped behavior. The cellular growth of a plant and physical and intellectual development in small children, along with the body's immune response, are all subject to S-shaped growth. This paper will begin by exploring population dynamics, taking as an example Jean's population ...
... classic examples of S-shaped behavior. The cellular growth of a plant and physical and intellectual development in small children, along with the body's immune response, are all subject to S-shaped growth. This paper will begin by exploring population dynamics, taking as an example Jean's population ...
Analysis of immune deviation elicited by antigens injected
... reactions after inoculation of antigens into the subretinal space. Experiments reporting long-term survival of grafts and suppression of DTH after transplantation of neonatal ocular tissue into the subretinal space 1112 suggest that the subretinal space elicits immune deviation, resembling ACAID. Ho ...
... reactions after inoculation of antigens into the subretinal space. Experiments reporting long-term survival of grafts and suppression of DTH after transplantation of neonatal ocular tissue into the subretinal space 1112 suggest that the subretinal space elicits immune deviation, resembling ACAID. Ho ...
What is the T-cell receptor (TCR)? (abridged
... The αβ version of the TCR was described on the previous page. The αβ type is more common, however another TCR type called γδ can also exist. This type of receptor is made up of gamma (γ) and delta (δ) proteins. These are also composed of subunits, but are different from αβ. The type of TCR that is f ...
... The αβ version of the TCR was described on the previous page. The αβ type is more common, however another TCR type called γδ can also exist. This type of receptor is made up of gamma (γ) and delta (δ) proteins. These are also composed of subunits, but are different from αβ. The type of TCR that is f ...
Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte–Defined Human Minor
... PHA blasts, and primary fibroblast lines. PB was obtained pretransplant from each donor and recipient to generate EBV-transformed B-cell lines, and aliquots of PBMC were cryopreserved for later preparation of PHA blasts. EBV-transformed B-cell lines (EBV-LCL) were generated and cultured as described ...
... PHA blasts, and primary fibroblast lines. PB was obtained pretransplant from each donor and recipient to generate EBV-transformed B-cell lines, and aliquots of PBMC were cryopreserved for later preparation of PHA blasts. EBV-transformed B-cell lines (EBV-LCL) were generated and cultured as described ...
Characteristics of Peptide
... determines whether foreign (e.g., microbial) antigens in that cell will be recognized by T cells. There are several important features of the expression of MHC molecules that contribute to their role in protecting individuals from diverse microbial infections. ...
... determines whether foreign (e.g., microbial) antigens in that cell will be recognized by T cells. There are several important features of the expression of MHC molecules that contribute to their role in protecting individuals from diverse microbial infections. ...
INTERPLAY BETWEEN HELICOBACTER PYLORI AND THE
... mechanisms: clonal deletion in the thymus and anergy in the periphery (7, 8). However, at present there is a strong evidence that these two mechanisms responsible for self-tolerance are additionally supported by the action of T suppressor (Ts) cells also called T regulatory (Treg) cells. At present ...
... mechanisms: clonal deletion in the thymus and anergy in the periphery (7, 8). However, at present there is a strong evidence that these two mechanisms responsible for self-tolerance are additionally supported by the action of T suppressor (Ts) cells also called T regulatory (Treg) cells. At present ...
Lecture 15
... virus infects body it is phagocytized by macrophage or dendritic cell Its partially-digested polypeptide fragments are antigens that are displayed on surface Form a complex with class-2 MHC molecules that macrophages present to helper T cells Helper Ts bind & are activated Can now promote B ce ...
... virus infects body it is phagocytized by macrophage or dendritic cell Its partially-digested polypeptide fragments are antigens that are displayed on surface Form a complex with class-2 MHC molecules that macrophages present to helper T cells Helper Ts bind & are activated Can now promote B ce ...
Homophilic Adhesion between Ig Superfamily Carcinoembryonic
... CEA, another Ig superfamily member, belongs to a subfamily of closely related cell surface glycoproteins which are found in various human tumors as well as in normal tissues (Thompson et al., 1991). The protein and mRNA levels of CEA have been found to be higher in colon tumors relative to their nor ...
... CEA, another Ig superfamily member, belongs to a subfamily of closely related cell surface glycoproteins which are found in various human tumors as well as in normal tissues (Thompson et al., 1991). The protein and mRNA levels of CEA have been found to be higher in colon tumors relative to their nor ...
(Poly(I:C)) Induces Stable Maturation of Polyriboinosinic
... endritic cells (DC)3 are professional APC (1). Immature DC effectively capture and process native protein Ags (2). Mature DC express high levels of MHC and costimulatory molecules and effectively initiate primary T cell responses (3). Recently, methods to generate large numbers of DC from adherent m ...
... endritic cells (DC)3 are professional APC (1). Immature DC effectively capture and process native protein Ags (2). Mature DC express high levels of MHC and costimulatory molecules and effectively initiate primary T cell responses (3). Recently, methods to generate large numbers of DC from adherent m ...
GAD AS AN IMMUNOMODULATOR IN TYPE 1 DIABETES Stina Axelsson
... treatment with GAD-alum contributes to the preservation of residual insulin secretion through deviation of the GAD65-specific immune response from a destructive to a protective process, accompanied by a shift from T helper (Th) 1 towards a predominant Th2 profile. In the Phase II trial, GAD-alum-tre ...
... treatment with GAD-alum contributes to the preservation of residual insulin secretion through deviation of the GAD65-specific immune response from a destructive to a protective process, accompanied by a shift from T helper (Th) 1 towards a predominant Th2 profile. In the Phase II trial, GAD-alum-tre ...
Memorizing innate instructions requires a sufficiently specific
... by randomly picking e epitopes. The smaller N, the larger the structural correlation between pathogens in a group. Pathogens that come from the same group always need to be eliminated by the same type of immune reaction. Thus, once the immune system has responded to several pathogens from, for examp ...
... by randomly picking e epitopes. The smaller N, the larger the structural correlation between pathogens in a group. Pathogens that come from the same group always need to be eliminated by the same type of immune reaction. Thus, once the immune system has responded to several pathogens from, for examp ...
Counterparts − CD25 + Repertoires with CD4 Share Equally
... TREC levels were determined by real-time PCR, and the mean of duplicate reactions is shown in arbitrary units. Bars with the same color scheme represent purified CD4⫹CD25⫹ and CD4⫹CD25⫺ T cells from the same individual, as indicated. Note that thymic and PBL samples are not from the same individual. ...
... TREC levels were determined by real-time PCR, and the mean of duplicate reactions is shown in arbitrary units. Bars with the same color scheme represent purified CD4⫹CD25⫹ and CD4⫹CD25⫺ T cells from the same individual, as indicated. Note that thymic and PBL samples are not from the same individual. ...
Systemic features of immune recognition in the gut
... of immune receptors cannot distinguish between pathogenic and commensal microbes, some researchers have turned to the idea that immune recognition is performed by single type of cells. For example, Aderem formulated a “barcode model of immune recognition”. He argues that different types of TLRs expr ...
... of immune receptors cannot distinguish between pathogenic and commensal microbes, some researchers have turned to the idea that immune recognition is performed by single type of cells. For example, Aderem formulated a “barcode model of immune recognition”. He argues that different types of TLRs expr ...
Antiviral Protection Cell Cross-Presentation, CTL Responses, and
... DC, inducing expression of costimulatory molecules and cytokines, which together with MHC-Ag complexes induce cognate T cells to differentiate into Ag-specific CTL and Th cells (8–11). DC recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and many adjuvants using receptors of the innate immune ...
... DC, inducing expression of costimulatory molecules and cytokines, which together with MHC-Ag complexes induce cognate T cells to differentiate into Ag-specific CTL and Th cells (8–11). DC recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) and many adjuvants using receptors of the innate immune ...
Low Counts of B Cells, Natural Killer Cells, Monocytes, Dendritic
... or no), donor type (HLA-matched sibling versus other), and stem cell source (marrow versus blood stem cells). In the Poisson regression, days at risk were used as the offset. In the MVA, P < .01 was considered significant. This was an arbitrary correction for multiple comparisons; the correction was ...
... or no), donor type (HLA-matched sibling versus other), and stem cell source (marrow versus blood stem cells). In the Poisson regression, days at risk were used as the offset. In the MVA, P < .01 was considered significant. This was an arbitrary correction for multiple comparisons; the correction was ...
Thesis final for publication-us-18-7-12 2 - eDiss - Georg
... individuals with and without anti HIV/SIV Noncytolytic activity” "Molecular Medicine" Annual PhD Retreat, September 2011. • Oral Presentation“Differential gene expression pattern of CD8+ T cells from individuals with and without anti HIV/SIV Noncytolytic activity” "Molecular Medicine" Annual PhD Ret ...
... individuals with and without anti HIV/SIV Noncytolytic activity” "Molecular Medicine" Annual PhD Retreat, September 2011. • Oral Presentation“Differential gene expression pattern of CD8+ T cells from individuals with and without anti HIV/SIV Noncytolytic activity” "Molecular Medicine" Annual PhD Ret ...
PD-1 Blockade in Chronically HIV-1
... unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by a Harvard University CFAR Scholar Award (ES) and Subcontract (AMT), a Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Pl ...
... unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: This work was supported by a Harvard University CFAR Scholar Award (ES) and Subcontract (AMT), a Ragon Institute of MGH, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard Pl ...
A review of the human vs. porcine female genital tract
... Full list of author information is available at the end of the article ...
... Full list of author information is available at the end of the article ...
Identification of novel CTL epitopes of CMV-pp65
... vivo generation of antiviral CTLs for possible application in adoptive immunotherapy. Immunodominance of pp65 protein among CMV antigens has been reported,12-14 but previously identified CTL epitopes derived from the pp65 protein were limited to frequent human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles ...
... vivo generation of antiviral CTLs for possible application in adoptive immunotherapy. Immunodominance of pp65 protein among CMV antigens has been reported,12-14 but previously identified CTL epitopes derived from the pp65 protein were limited to frequent human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I alleles ...
How some mycoplasmas evade host immune responses. Microbe 2
... Host Immune Responses Variable surface antigen proteins are key for how these microorganisms evade host immune responses Warren L. Simmons and Kevin Dybvig ...
... Host Immune Responses Variable surface antigen proteins are key for how these microorganisms evade host immune responses Warren L. Simmons and Kevin Dybvig ...
T cell
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Healthy_Human_T_Cell.jpg?width=300)
T cells or T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte (in turn, a type of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus (although some also mature in the tonsils). The several subsets of T cells each have a distinct function. The majority of human T cells rearrange their alpha/beta T cell receptors and are termed alpha beta T cells and are part of adaptive immune system. Specialized gamma delta T cells, which comprise a minority of T cells in the human body (more frequent in ruminants), have invariant TCR (with limited diversity), can effectively present antigens to other T cells and are considered to be part of the innate immune system.