Immunity to brucellosis
... system and Brucella Macrophages and dendritic cells Macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) play a fundamental role in innate immunity, in recognition and in the induction of robust adaptive immunity against intracellular bacteria such as Brucella spp. Many lines of evidence support the bidirectional ...
... system and Brucella Macrophages and dendritic cells Macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) play a fundamental role in innate immunity, in recognition and in the induction of robust adaptive immunity against intracellular bacteria such as Brucella spp. Many lines of evidence support the bidirectional ...
Early life cytokines, viral infections and IgE
... cytokines, which has led to the conclusion that not only Th cells, but also for example CTL cells, dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells, can be divided into type 1 and type 2, depending on their cytokine production [20-22]. It is also clear that there are definitely other Th-cell linea ...
... cytokines, which has led to the conclusion that not only Th cells, but also for example CTL cells, dendritic cells (DC) and natural killer (NK) cells, can be divided into type 1 and type 2, depending on their cytokine production [20-22]. It is also clear that there are definitely other Th-cell linea ...
Investigation of the humoral and cellular immune responses of
... a time-consuming process, requiring weeks to be fully developed, infections must be initially held in check by the innate immune system, which is the first line of defence against microbial pathogens. The innate immune system slows the rate of multiplication of the pathogens to allow time for the mo ...
... a time-consuming process, requiring weeks to be fully developed, infections must be initially held in check by the innate immune system, which is the first line of defence against microbial pathogens. The innate immune system slows the rate of multiplication of the pathogens to allow time for the mo ...
Table 1. Strategies and mechanisms of survival of Leishmania
... 2. Desjardins M and Descoteaux A: Inhibition of phagolysosomal biogenesis by the Leishmania lipophosphoglycan, J. Exp. Med. 1997, ...
... 2. Desjardins M and Descoteaux A: Inhibition of phagolysosomal biogenesis by the Leishmania lipophosphoglycan, J. Exp. Med. 1997, ...
Developing and characterizing a salmonid intestinal
... Figure 2-5. Appearance of RTgutGC cultures after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment.................... 27 Figure 2-6. Cytotoxicity curves for three intestinal cell lines after LPS treatment .............................. 28 Figure 2-7. Bar graphs of RTgutGC exposed to LPS seeded at varying cell den ...
... Figure 2-5. Appearance of RTgutGC cultures after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment.................... 27 Figure 2-6. Cytotoxicity curves for three intestinal cell lines after LPS treatment .............................. 28 Figure 2-7. Bar graphs of RTgutGC exposed to LPS seeded at varying cell den ...
Syddansk Universitet Immunogenicity and Immune
... MHC class II consists of three classes of HLA-II antigens: HLA-DP, -DQ and -DR presenting peptide antigens derived from extracellular proteins to CD4+ T helper cells to elicit an immune response. Because MHC class II expression is cell-type specific and mainly restricted to thymic epithelial cells a ...
... MHC class II consists of three classes of HLA-II antigens: HLA-DP, -DQ and -DR presenting peptide antigens derived from extracellular proteins to CD4+ T helper cells to elicit an immune response. Because MHC class II expression is cell-type specific and mainly restricted to thymic epithelial cells a ...
Thesis of Rownok_12376001
... First and foremost, I have to thank my research supervisors, to Dr. Firdausi Qadri, Senior Scientist and Head of the Immunology Laboratory, Enteric vaccines, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b). Without her assistance and dedicated involvement in every step thro ...
... First and foremost, I have to thank my research supervisors, to Dr. Firdausi Qadri, Senior Scientist and Head of the Immunology Laboratory, Enteric vaccines, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr,b). Without her assistance and dedicated involvement in every step thro ...
The Schwann cell
... Schwann cells as immunomodulatory cells In recent years, several lines of evidence have pointed to Schwann cells as immunocompetent cells within the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which, in addition to their physiological roles, exhibit a broad spectrum of immune-related functions and might be i ...
... Schwann cells as immunomodulatory cells In recent years, several lines of evidence have pointed to Schwann cells as immunocompetent cells within the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which, in addition to their physiological roles, exhibit a broad spectrum of immune-related functions and might be i ...
Capacity of Epstein–Barr virus to infect monocytes and inhibit their
... (Hoffman et al., 1980), specific for the EBV gp350/220 glycoprotein, and CL59 (Molesworth et al., 2000), specific for gH, were purified from culture supernatants of the corresponding hybridoma cell lines. The mAb 5B2, which is specific for gB, was purchased from Virusys. FACS analysis of virus bound ...
... (Hoffman et al., 1980), specific for the EBV gp350/220 glycoprotein, and CL59 (Molesworth et al., 2000), specific for gH, were purified from culture supernatants of the corresponding hybridoma cell lines. The mAb 5B2, which is specific for gB, was purchased from Virusys. FACS analysis of virus bound ...
L-Arginine Exacerbates Experimental Cerebral Malaria by
... scores. L-Arg treatment increased the population of CD4+T-bet +IFN-γ + Th1 cells and the activated macrophages (F4/80+CD36+) in the spleen. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFN-γ and TNF-α , in splenocyte cultures were also increased by L-Arg treatment. The above changes were accompanied wi ...
... scores. L-Arg treatment increased the population of CD4+T-bet +IFN-γ + Th1 cells and the activated macrophages (F4/80+CD36+) in the spleen. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IFN-γ and TNF-α , in splenocyte cultures were also increased by L-Arg treatment. The above changes were accompanied wi ...
Long-term protection from syngeneic acute
... cells in blood, bone marrow, and spleen were analyzed for CD40 and CD86 expression. For in vivo cell-depletion assays, mice were treated with asialo-GM1 (Cedarlane), anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 antibodies 200 g (BioExpress), 1 day before each CpG ODN treatment. Cell depletion was confirmed by flow cytomet ...
... cells in blood, bone marrow, and spleen were analyzed for CD40 and CD86 expression. For in vivo cell-depletion assays, mice were treated with asialo-GM1 (Cedarlane), anti-CD4 or anti-CD8 antibodies 200 g (BioExpress), 1 day before each CpG ODN treatment. Cell depletion was confirmed by flow cytomet ...
... improper immunological reactions. A decrease in particular childhood infections, or a lower exposure to microbial components in infancy, has been suggested as contributing factors to the higher allergy prevalence seen in affluent societies during the last decades. An altered overall spectrum of infe ...
mRNA Expression and BRAF Mutation in
... HMW-MAA mAbs and immunomagnetic beads (Fig. 2). We used the immunomagnetic beads to assess captured CTCs via both an indirect technique and a direct technique to determine the optimal assay. In brief, the indirect technique entails first incubating melanoma cells with HMW-MAA mAbs; melanoma cells la ...
... HMW-MAA mAbs and immunomagnetic beads (Fig. 2). We used the immunomagnetic beads to assess captured CTCs via both an indirect technique and a direct technique to determine the optimal assay. In brief, the indirect technique entails first incubating melanoma cells with HMW-MAA mAbs; melanoma cells la ...
Induced CD4+Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells in Immune Tolerance
... Foxp3+ regulatory T cells are essential components of the homeostasis of the immune system (1–3). Foxp3 is a forkhead box transcription factor whose expression is restricted to regulatory T (Treg) cells, although under some circumstances conventional T (Tconv) cells can transiently express Foxp3 (4) ...
... Foxp3+ regulatory T cells are essential components of the homeostasis of the immune system (1–3). Foxp3 is a forkhead box transcription factor whose expression is restricted to regulatory T (Treg) cells, although under some circumstances conventional T (Tconv) cells can transiently express Foxp3 (4) ...
Pinto, A. K., A. M. Jamieson, D. H. Raulet, and A. B. Hill. 2007. The role of NKG2D signaling in inhibition of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte lysis by the Murine cytomegalovirus immunoevasin m152/gp40. J. Viro 81:12564-12571 .
... primed cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes (CTL) to kill virus-infected cells. Of these three, the impact of m152/gp40 on CTL lysis appears greater than would be expected based on its impact on cell surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. In addition to MHC class I, m152/gp40 also downregula ...
... primed cytotoxic CD8 T lymphocytes (CTL) to kill virus-infected cells. Of these three, the impact of m152/gp40 on CTL lysis appears greater than would be expected based on its impact on cell surface major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I. In addition to MHC class I, m152/gp40 also downregula ...
IC31 and IC30, novel types of vaccine adjuvant based on peptide
... The potent function of polycationic peptides as cellular delivery systems has been recognized for several years. For example, a complex with a transfering polycation was able to transport bacterial DNA into cells [3]. Polycationic compounds have also been used previously to transport proteins, such ...
... The potent function of polycationic peptides as cellular delivery systems has been recognized for several years. For example, a complex with a transfering polycation was able to transport bacterial DNA into cells [3]. Polycationic compounds have also been used previously to transport proteins, such ...
Data and Results Graduate Physical and Life Sciences PhD Pharmacology
... compounds that specifically target TAAR1 have recently been investigated in animal models as candidate therapeutics for methamphetamine, cocaine and alcohol abuse. These studies involving classic behavioral measures of drug response, as well as drug self-administration, strongly implicate TAAR1 as a ...
... compounds that specifically target TAAR1 have recently been investigated in animal models as candidate therapeutics for methamphetamine, cocaine and alcohol abuse. These studies involving classic behavioral measures of drug response, as well as drug self-administration, strongly implicate TAAR1 as a ...
Skin Immunity to Candida albicans
... naturally colonizes the skin, genital, and/or intestinal mucosa in up to 70% of healthy individuals [1]. Under normal circumstances, the fungus does not cause disease but the absence of appropriate immune recognition and response mechanisms can lead to the inability to control C. albicans colonizati ...
... naturally colonizes the skin, genital, and/or intestinal mucosa in up to 70% of healthy individuals [1]. Under normal circumstances, the fungus does not cause disease but the absence of appropriate immune recognition and response mechanisms can lead to the inability to control C. albicans colonizati ...
free article - University of Kansas Medical Center
... Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model typically involving rodents and sometimes non-human primates that models some aspects of MS. It can be generated through the peripheral activation (or passive administration) of CNS-antigen reactive T cells, resulting in multifocal i ...
... Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model typically involving rodents and sometimes non-human primates that models some aspects of MS. It can be generated through the peripheral activation (or passive administration) of CNS-antigen reactive T cells, resulting in multifocal i ...
Anthrax Lethal Toxin-Mediated Killing of Human and Murine
... Many pathogens have acquired strategies to combat the immune response. Bacillus anthracis interferes with host defenses by releasing anthrax lethal toxin (LT), which inactivates mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, rendering dendritic cells (DCs) and T lymphocytes nonresponsive to immune stimu ...
... Many pathogens have acquired strategies to combat the immune response. Bacillus anthracis interferes with host defenses by releasing anthrax lethal toxin (LT), which inactivates mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, rendering dendritic cells (DCs) and T lymphocytes nonresponsive to immune stimu ...
The Body`s Defenses
... Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
... Copyright © 2002 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings ...
T cell
T cells or T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocyte (in turn, a type of white blood cell) that plays a central role in cell-mediated immunity. They can be distinguished from other lymphocytes, such as B cells and natural killer cells (NK cells), by the presence of a T-cell receptor (TCR) on the cell surface. They are called T cells because they mature in the thymus (although some also mature in the tonsils). The several subsets of T cells each have a distinct function. The majority of human T cells rearrange their alpha/beta T cell receptors and are termed alpha beta T cells and are part of adaptive immune system. Specialized gamma delta T cells, which comprise a minority of T cells in the human body (more frequent in ruminants), have invariant TCR (with limited diversity), can effectively present antigens to other T cells and are considered to be part of the innate immune system.