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Hoku`s Slides
Hoku`s Slides

... Several coupled DNA and protein libraries are constructed, randomizing 3 base pairs and 5 contacting amino acids for each NNNGGAGGTTTCTCTGTAAA TGANNNGGTTTCTCTGTAAA ...
Mutations
Mutations

... Can affect any part of the genome (introns, exons, etc.) A polymorphism is also a change in a single nucleotide but occurs in >1% of the population Change in DNA Altered RNA Messed up protein Mutation refers to genotype while “mutant” refers to ...
Section 22.1 4 Overlapping Stages LECTURE SLIDES Prepared by
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Chapter 12 Molecular Genetics

...  Double helix  Deoxyribose sugar  Bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine  One type of DNA ...
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Chapter 16 notes

... radioactivity in supernatant Results: radioactivity in supernatant, therefore, protein did not enter the bacteria ...
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...  Enzyme catalyzed condensation reactions link fatty acid to glycerol molecule by a _____________________________ = bond between hydroxyl group and carboxyl group) ...
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DNA Replication and Cancer

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DNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

... • complementary base pairs: normal pairing of nitrogenous bases is: 1 purine and 1 pyrimidine • Adenine always and only binds with Thymine ...
DNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
DNA and PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

... • complementary base pairs: normal pairing of nitrogenous bases is: 1 purine and 1 pyrimidine • Adenine always and only binds with Thymine ...
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Poster

... read the mRNA. They synthesize a protein by joining amino acids in the  correct order.  RNA Pol II has 12 subunits and the two largest, Chain A and  Chain B, contain the active site where the enzyme adds fifty to ninety  nucleotides per second to the growing mRNA strand.  Pol II is very accurate,  o ...
Francis Crick - WordPress.com
Francis Crick - WordPress.com

... accounted for by physics and chemistry?"—and Watson convinced Crick that unlocking the secrets of DNA's structure would both provide the answer to Schrödinger's question and reveal DNA's hereditary role. Using X-ray diffraction studies of DNA, in 1953, James Watson and Crick constructed a molecular ...
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Deoxyribonucleic acid from calf thymus (D4522)

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Biology 105

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DNA Structure - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca

... Griffith discovered that genetic information could be passed from one bacterium to another; known as the transforming principle ...
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Midterm Exam Review 1. How many chromosomes are in a “normal

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Chapter 19 Organization and Control of Eukaryotic Genomes

...  Typically found in centromeres and telomeres so it is thought to be used for structure.  Interspersed Repetitive DNA—Copies of similar sequences but not repetitive. ...
10.6AC The Pattern - Texarkana Independent School District
10.6AC The Pattern - Texarkana Independent School District

... What is the major difference between a DNA nucleotide and an RNA nucleotide? Deoxyribose sugar is in DNA and ribose sugar is in RNA. May also include uracil substitutes for thymine in RNA. Why is mRNA single-stranded? So it can leave the nucleus. Double-stranded DNA cannot fit through the nuclear me ...
NAME CH11 In class assignment Due 2/18/14 Across 1. Initials of
NAME CH11 In class assignment Due 2/18/14 Across 1. Initials of

... for these single stranded sections is: a) “single ends” b) “lonely ends” c) “sticky ends” d) “fragmented ends” 3) In order to produce a transgenic animal, DNA must be injected into the __________________. a) unfertilized egg b) unfertilized sperm c) zygote (fertilized egg) d) fetus during the 3rd tr ...
Lecture 16: Expression of genetic information
Lecture 16: Expression of genetic information

... To outline the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein synthesis. To identify the different types of RNA To compare, the structure of DNA & RNA. To outline the general characteristics of genetic code & transcription process. To explain the importance of tRNA, mRNA & rRNA. To diagram the proc ...
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... 2. In step 4, genes (small segments of DNA) get transcribed into RNA. Why is only the gene transcribed and not all of the DNA? ...
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College Prep: Review

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Ch12 Study Guide

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IGEM BOOT CAMP
IGEM BOOT CAMP

... mostly of one large circle of DNA 4-5 million base pairs (mbp) in length, with small loops of DNA called plasmids, usually ranging from 5,000-10,000 base pairs in length, present in the cytoplasm. It is these plasmids that bacteria can transfer back and forth, allowing them to share genes among one ...
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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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