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Probing chromatin-modifying enzymes with chemical tools Wolfgang
Probing chromatin-modifying enzymes with chemical tools Wolfgang

... SAM (Figure 2c). It was shown that the PMT can utilize 5‘-(diaminobutyric acid)-N-iodoethyl-5‘deoxyadenosine ammonium hydrochloride (AAI, 3) for labeling a histone H4 peptide containing the target arginine 3 residue. The reaction progresses via an aziridinium ion (4) as intermediate, in which the s ...
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... (beta)-glucocerebrosidase produced by recombinant DNA technology. (beta)-Glucocerebrosidase ((beta)-D-glucosyl-N-acylsphingosine glucohydrolase, E.C. 3.2.1.45) is a lysosomal glycoprotein enzyme which catalyzes the hydrolysis of the glycolipid glucocerebroside to glucose and ceramide. Cerezyme ® is ...
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Role of Amino Acids in Nitrogen Fixation

... Since aminotransferases link the TCA cycle and amino acid synthesis, we expected they would have a major effect on nitrogen fixation. A mutant in the enzyme aspartate aminotransferase (aatA) formed defective nodules that are not able to fix nitrogen. The role of aatA would be the transamination of o ...
Chapter 15 - HCC Learning Web
Chapter 15 - HCC Learning Web

...  Heterozygous females are carriers for the recessive trait.  Because males have only one X chromosome (hemizygous), any male receiving the recessive allele from his mother will express the recessive trait.  The chance of a female inheriting a double dose of the mutant allele is much less than the ...
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... consist of megabase-scale domains of coordinated origin firing separated by large originless transition regions. Here, we report a quantitative genome-wide analysis of DNA replication kinetics in several human cell types that contradicts this view. DNA combing in HeLa cells sorted into four temporal ...
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Organic Chemistry - University of California, Riverside
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... Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the molecule of life. DNA is one of the most recognizable nucleic acids, a double-stranded helix. The process by which DNA codes for proteins involves enzymes and additional single-stranded nucleic acids, specifically messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and transfer ribo ...
Topological Nature of the Genetic Code
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... On the basis of correspondences between the pairs of variables in matrices and four letters of the genetic code matrices and supermatrix are converted, respectively, into the triplets and the table of the genetic code. An algorithm admitting computer programming is proposed for coding the n-arc grap ...
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Oscillibacter valericigenes gen. nov., sp. nov., a valerate
Oscillibacter valericigenes gen. nov., sp. nov., a valerate

... of strain Sjm18-20T and phylogenetically related strains are summarized in Table 1. Strain Sjm18-20T could be differentiated from related cultivated strains, namely C. orbiscindens 265T, C. viride T2-7T, S. termitidis SYRT and P. cinnamivorans CIN1T, by morphological, biochemical and physiological p ...
Sialic Acid Production by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli
Sialic Acid Production by Metabolically Engineered Escherichia coli

... Medical Importance • Influenza Inhibitors • Marker for Disorders • Biologics • Diagnostics ...
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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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