1 - Lone Star College System
... Contain many glucose (monosaccharide) units 2. Starch – storage form of glucose in plants 3. Glycogen – storage form of glucose in animals 4. Cellulose a. Found in plant cell walls b. Humans are unable to digest (passes through digestive tract as fiber) ...
... Contain many glucose (monosaccharide) units 2. Starch – storage form of glucose in plants 3. Glycogen – storage form of glucose in animals 4. Cellulose a. Found in plant cell walls b. Humans are unable to digest (passes through digestive tract as fiber) ...
Proteins Chapter 3 pages 54-58
... lake and notice that it floats on the top of the water, which of the following properties of water could help explain what you observe? A) It is more dense when liquid than when frozen. B) It can dissolve large quantities of solutes. C) It has a high specific heat. D) It has a strong surface tension ...
... lake and notice that it floats on the top of the water, which of the following properties of water could help explain what you observe? A) It is more dense when liquid than when frozen. B) It can dissolve large quantities of solutes. C) It has a high specific heat. D) It has a strong surface tension ...
Chemical Compounds in Cells Carbohydrates – sugar
... • Lipids are made of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. • These are commonly known as fats, oils and waxes and are primarily used for energy storage. • Another group of Lipids are called phospholipids. These make up the structure of cell membranes. ...
... • Lipids are made of the elements carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. • These are commonly known as fats, oils and waxes and are primarily used for energy storage. • Another group of Lipids are called phospholipids. These make up the structure of cell membranes. ...
amino acids
... • Polypeptides - amino acids joined end to end • Conformation - the three dimensional shape of a protein which is determined by its sequence • Active site - a cleft or groove in an enzyme that binds the substrates of a reaction ...
... • Polypeptides - amino acids joined end to end • Conformation - the three dimensional shape of a protein which is determined by its sequence • Active site - a cleft or groove in an enzyme that binds the substrates of a reaction ...
Review Guide
... 20. Distinguish among monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. 21. Give 3 examples of monosaccharides. (know where each comes from) 22. Give 3 examples of disaccharides. (know what 2 monosaccharides each is made from) 23. Give 3 examples of polysaccharides. (know the function of each) 24. ...
... 20. Distinguish among monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides. 21. Give 3 examples of monosaccharides. (know where each comes from) 22. Give 3 examples of disaccharides. (know what 2 monosaccharides each is made from) 23. Give 3 examples of polysaccharides. (know the function of each) 24. ...
The Chemistry of Life
... with a ratio of about 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom for each carbon atom. Carbohydrates are used by cells to provide energy. Examples of carbohydrates are: starch, glycogen, and cellulose. 3) The structure of lipids Lipids are large biomolecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with ...
... with a ratio of about 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom for each carbon atom. Carbohydrates are used by cells to provide energy. Examples of carbohydrates are: starch, glycogen, and cellulose. 3) The structure of lipids Lipids are large biomolecules that are made mostly of carbon and hydrogen with ...
Photosynthesis: dark reactions
... What happens to the products of photosynthesis (“photosynthate”) ? • much of the photosynthate is used as fuel for cellular respiration • some 3PGA (phosphoglyceric acid -- product of first step in Calvin Cycle) is transported into the cytosol and used to make amino acids • G-3-P (glyceraldehyde 3- ...
... What happens to the products of photosynthesis (“photosynthate”) ? • much of the photosynthate is used as fuel for cellular respiration • some 3PGA (phosphoglyceric acid -- product of first step in Calvin Cycle) is transported into the cytosol and used to make amino acids • G-3-P (glyceraldehyde 3- ...
FALSE degradation also needs to be considered. A change in
... Its mRNA level is increased by glucagon Catalyzes last step in gluconeogenesis ...
... Its mRNA level is increased by glucagon Catalyzes last step in gluconeogenesis ...
Alcoholic fermentation
... Lactic acid fermentation 2 pyruvate NAD+, lactate (lactic acid) Muscle cells at the cellular level; some bacteria 10) In lactic acid fermentation, a) what is caused by a build-up of lactate in muscle cells? Muscle pain; fatigue b) what happens to the accumulated lactate? Carried to the liver where i ...
... Lactic acid fermentation 2 pyruvate NAD+, lactate (lactic acid) Muscle cells at the cellular level; some bacteria 10) In lactic acid fermentation, a) what is caused by a build-up of lactate in muscle cells? Muscle pain; fatigue b) what happens to the accumulated lactate? Carried to the liver where i ...
File
... Molecule Z will function at any temperature above 20°C. Molecule Z is composed of a string of molecular bases represented by A, T, G, and Molecule Z will function best at a specific pH. Molecule Z is not specific, so this reaction can be controlled by any other chemical in the body. ...
... Molecule Z will function at any temperature above 20°C. Molecule Z is composed of a string of molecular bases represented by A, T, G, and Molecule Z will function best at a specific pH. Molecule Z is not specific, so this reaction can be controlled by any other chemical in the body. ...
CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OF LIFE
... •Carbon can also bond with other carbon atoms to form long chains. These carbon-carbon bonds can be single, double, or triple covalent bonds. ...
... •Carbon can also bond with other carbon atoms to form long chains. These carbon-carbon bonds can be single, double, or triple covalent bonds. ...
proteins and protein structure
... The functions of proteins are the essence of life itself. They make up more than 50% of the dry mass of animals. There are thousands of different proteins within the cells of living things. Examples and functions are given below. Many of an organism’s proteins are enzymes, special proteins that spee ...
... The functions of proteins are the essence of life itself. They make up more than 50% of the dry mass of animals. There are thousands of different proteins within the cells of living things. Examples and functions are given below. Many of an organism’s proteins are enzymes, special proteins that spee ...
File - Wk 1-2
... 3. Describe the pathways involved in energy metabolism: glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, beta-oxidation, amino acid breakdown, TCA cycle and electron transport chain. For each, include the cellular location, the major organs in which each pathway is active and the effect of starvation or flux of substra ...
... 3. Describe the pathways involved in energy metabolism: glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, beta-oxidation, amino acid breakdown, TCA cycle and electron transport chain. For each, include the cellular location, the major organs in which each pathway is active and the effect of starvation or flux of substra ...
File - Mr. Shanks` Class
... A chemical reaction involves the rearrangement of chemical bonds with the release or absorption of energy ...
... A chemical reaction involves the rearrangement of chemical bonds with the release or absorption of energy ...
Worked solutions: Chapter 2 Human biochemistry
... For example: The linkages between monomers makes the four polymers different. In amylose the 1-1,4 linkage occurs between two 1-glucose monomers, whereas in amylopectin both 1-1,4 and 1-1,6 linkages form between 1-glucose monomers. Cellulose has a 2-1,4 linkage; that is, carbon 1 of a 2-glucose mole ...
... For example: The linkages between monomers makes the four polymers different. In amylose the 1-1,4 linkage occurs between two 1-glucose monomers, whereas in amylopectin both 1-1,4 and 1-1,6 linkages form between 1-glucose monomers. Cellulose has a 2-1,4 linkage; that is, carbon 1 of a 2-glucose mole ...
Chapter 2
... as certain hormones, as receptors on cell membranes, as antibodies, and as enzymes to catalyze metabolic reactions. ...
... as certain hormones, as receptors on cell membranes, as antibodies, and as enzymes to catalyze metabolic reactions. ...
File
... The synthesis of triglycerides involves the attachment of three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule forming an E-shaped molecule. Molecules vary as the fatty acids change. ...
... The synthesis of triglycerides involves the attachment of three fatty acids to a glycerol molecule forming an E-shaped molecule. Molecules vary as the fatty acids change. ...
The nature of matter
... up our DNA, which include carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus atoms. ...
... up our DNA, which include carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus atoms. ...
Chapter 5-The Structure and Function of Macromolecules
... molecule to a polymer giving one of the monomers. • This occurs during digestion and it makes the large molecules useable by our bodies by producing smaller subunits that our cells can uptake. • The four main types of macromolecules can be broken down further and analyzed. ...
... molecule to a polymer giving one of the monomers. • This occurs during digestion and it makes the large molecules useable by our bodies by producing smaller subunits that our cells can uptake. • The four main types of macromolecules can be broken down further and analyzed. ...
Chapter 8 - University of South Alabama
... 2. Fats are digested into glycolysis, and fatty acids, which enter the Krebs cycle. ...
... 2. Fats are digested into glycolysis, and fatty acids, which enter the Krebs cycle. ...
Dehydration Synthesis
... Many organic molecules important to living organisms are large _____________ (polymers). • Polymers are composed of smaller subunits called __________________. Monomers are small ____________ molecules Can either exist _______________or can be bonded together into long chains to form ___________ ...
... Many organic molecules important to living organisms are large _____________ (polymers). • Polymers are composed of smaller subunits called __________________. Monomers are small ____________ molecules Can either exist _______________or can be bonded together into long chains to form ___________ ...
Cellular Respiration
... Plant cells harvest energy from the sun, and store it as glucose. That glucose must be transformed into energy the cell can use, specifically ATP. This takes place in the mitochondria of cells. ...
... Plant cells harvest energy from the sun, and store it as glucose. That glucose must be transformed into energy the cell can use, specifically ATP. This takes place in the mitochondria of cells. ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.