scvwd_system_climate_analysis_v0.01
... importantly, sequencing is not preserved) but evolves into the future as simulated by each GCM. These are referred to here as ‘bias-corrected’ inflows Finally, an inverse quantile mapping is applied to ‘perturb’ the historic SCVWD record of reservoir inflows. This uses a similar method to that above ...
... importantly, sequencing is not preserved) but evolves into the future as simulated by each GCM. These are referred to here as ‘bias-corrected’ inflows Finally, an inverse quantile mapping is applied to ‘perturb’ the historic SCVWD record of reservoir inflows. This uses a similar method to that above ...
Noaa modeling - Chesapeake Bay Program
... – Modeling in the Chesapeake Bay Program: 2010 and Beyond (2006): Living resources modeling must be given the same level of attention and support as watershed and water quality modeling, and the programs must be integrated. The next big challenge for CBP modeling is to model not only a restored Ches ...
... – Modeling in the Chesapeake Bay Program: 2010 and Beyond (2006): Living resources modeling must be given the same level of attention and support as watershed and water quality modeling, and the programs must be integrated. The next big challenge for CBP modeling is to model not only a restored Ches ...
Atmospheric circulation as a source of uncertainty in climate change
... the diabatic heating that is in balance with the vertical motion is dependent on convective fluxes of heat and moisture (which in climate models must be parameterized), and these in turn depend on th ...
... the diabatic heating that is in balance with the vertical motion is dependent on convective fluxes of heat and moisture (which in climate models must be parameterized), and these in turn depend on th ...
The Relationship of Cloud Cover to Near
... (1) the tails of any distribution generally contain more information about that distribution than the values close to its average state and (2) the assessment of the ‘‘distinct’’ special conditions such as clear skies, calm weather, or the weather during precipitation events elucidates the relations ...
... (1) the tails of any distribution generally contain more information about that distribution than the values close to its average state and (2) the assessment of the ‘‘distinct’’ special conditions such as clear skies, calm weather, or the weather during precipitation events elucidates the relations ...
News and New IPRC Staff
... IPRC Senior Researcher Tangdong Qu is participating as co-principal investigator on another part of the Aquarius Mission that is being led by Ichiro Fukumori at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Under this contract, Qu will be assessing the quality of Aquarius sea surface salinity measurements usi ...
... IPRC Senior Researcher Tangdong Qu is participating as co-principal investigator on another part of the Aquarius Mission that is being led by Ichiro Fukumori at the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Under this contract, Qu will be assessing the quality of Aquarius sea surface salinity measurements usi ...
PDF - The Marine Biological Association
... community composition in the region has had an observable economic impact on fisheries, with landings of cold-adapted species halved but landings of warm-adapted species increasing by a factor of 2.5 since the 1980s3 ; a pattern also identified in other marine ecosystems14 . With a uniquely rich fis ...
... community composition in the region has had an observable economic impact on fisheries, with landings of cold-adapted species halved but landings of warm-adapted species increasing by a factor of 2.5 since the 1980s3 ; a pattern also identified in other marine ecosystems14 . With a uniquely rich fis ...
Emissions - CARBOOCEAN
... Moxnes, Erling and Saysel, Ali Kerem, 2009. Misperceptions of global climate change: information policies. Climatic Change, 93(1-2), 15-37. Sterman, J. D., 2008. Economics - Risk communication on climate: Mental models and mass balance. Science, 322(5901), 532-533. Sterman, J. D. and Booth Sweeney, ...
... Moxnes, Erling and Saysel, Ali Kerem, 2009. Misperceptions of global climate change: information policies. Climatic Change, 93(1-2), 15-37. Sterman, J. D., 2008. Economics - Risk communication on climate: Mental models and mass balance. Science, 322(5901), 532-533. Sterman, J. D. and Booth Sweeney, ...
Skill and reliability of climate model ensembles at the Last Glacial
... two changes compared to the pre-industrial climate. Orbital forcing parameters are changed, and the atmospheric methane concentration is decreased slightly (from 760 ppb to 650 ppb). The changes in orbital parameters affect the seasonal pattern of insolation. Annually averaged, however, the insolati ...
... two changes compared to the pre-industrial climate. Orbital forcing parameters are changed, and the atmospheric methane concentration is decreased slightly (from 760 ppb to 650 ppb). The changes in orbital parameters affect the seasonal pattern of insolation. Annually averaged, however, the insolati ...
Multi-scale climate modelling over Southern Africa using a
... downscaling tool at the climate-change time scale. In the downscaling procedure, the sea-ice and bias-corrected SSTs of 6 CGCMs (CSIRO Mk 3.5, GFDL2.1, GFDL2.0, HadCM2, ECHAM5 and Miroc-Medres) from AR4 of the IPCC are first used as lower-boundary forcing in CCAM simulations performed at a quasi-uni ...
... downscaling tool at the climate-change time scale. In the downscaling procedure, the sea-ice and bias-corrected SSTs of 6 CGCMs (CSIRO Mk 3.5, GFDL2.1, GFDL2.0, HadCM2, ECHAM5 and Miroc-Medres) from AR4 of the IPCC are first used as lower-boundary forcing in CCAM simulations performed at a quasi-uni ...
Projected 21st century decrease in marine productivity: a multi
... The Earth System Model employed at the Max-PlanckInstitut für Meteorologie (MPIM) consists of the ECHAM5 (Roeckner et al., 2006) atmospheric model of 31 vertical levels with the embedded JSBACH terrestrial biosphere model and the MPIOM physical ocean model, which includes a sea ice model (Marsland ...
... The Earth System Model employed at the Max-PlanckInstitut für Meteorologie (MPIM) consists of the ECHAM5 (Roeckner et al., 2006) atmospheric model of 31 vertical levels with the embedded JSBACH terrestrial biosphere model and the MPIOM physical ocean model, which includes a sea ice model (Marsland ...
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... forecasts” that can be utilized in future automated TFM systems that formulate gate-to-gate trajectories for each flight. Yet, to date no one has been able to utilize the probabilistic forecast offerings from the meteorological community in this fashion. In today’s ATC system and in the foreseeable ...
... forecasts” that can be utilized in future automated TFM systems that formulate gate-to-gate trajectories for each flight. Yet, to date no one has been able to utilize the probabilistic forecast offerings from the meteorological community in this fashion. In today’s ATC system and in the foreseeable ...
Greenhouse warming and the 21st Century hydroclimate of
... However P − E is, in general, positive everywhere over land. This is because, unlike the ocean, the land surface is not a reservoir of water that can sustain whatever evaporation is needed to meet atmospheric demand. Instead P − E is bounded by zero where P is very small and a dry surface sustains n ...
... However P − E is, in general, positive everywhere over land. This is because, unlike the ocean, the land surface is not a reservoir of water that can sustain whatever evaporation is needed to meet atmospheric demand. Instead P − E is bounded by zero where P is very small and a dry surface sustains n ...
Probabilistic forecasts of temperature and precipitation change
... temperature and in per cent for precipitation), and the probability (in per cent) that the forecast period will be warmer/wetter than 1971-2000. The full report gives similar box-whisker plots for the seasonal mean temperature and precipitation changes in the same three locations. Note that the thre ...
... temperature and in per cent for precipitation), and the probability (in per cent) that the forecast period will be warmer/wetter than 1971-2000. The full report gives similar box-whisker plots for the seasonal mean temperature and precipitation changes in the same three locations. Note that the thre ...
Hydrological Cycle in the Danube basin in present
... precipitation, evaporation, and runoff fields using the Voronoi-Thiessen tessellation formalism. The span of the modelsimulated mean annual water balances is of the same order of magnitude of the observed Danube discharge of the Delta; the true value is within the range simulated by the models. Some ...
... precipitation, evaporation, and runoff fields using the Voronoi-Thiessen tessellation formalism. The span of the modelsimulated mean annual water balances is of the same order of magnitude of the observed Danube discharge of the Delta; the true value is within the range simulated by the models. Some ...
Climate change impact on hydrology in the Mediterranean
... • Impact assessments of CC on hydrology in some local mediterranean catchments are consistent with the global assessments for this region (i.e. more important droughts are expected). • Uncertainty on impact assessments remains high. • Hydrological parameter uncertainty dominates climate uncertainty ...
... • Impact assessments of CC on hydrology in some local mediterranean catchments are consistent with the global assessments for this region (i.e. more important droughts are expected). • Uncertainty on impact assessments remains high. • Hydrological parameter uncertainty dominates climate uncertainty ...
Terrestrial environmental Observatories: a new instrument for
... Climate models are projecting significant climate change in Germany in the next 100 years: • Increase in temperature ...
... Climate models are projecting significant climate change in Germany in the next 100 years: • Increase in temperature ...
Understanding the Arctic Climate System
... of this polar amplification is a top priority. Additionally, Arctic glaciers and the Greenland Ice Sheet are expected to change significantly and contribute to sea level rise in the coming decades; the aforementioned high spatial resolution allows for detailed study of the regional response of these ...
... of this polar amplification is a top priority. Additionally, Arctic glaciers and the Greenland Ice Sheet are expected to change significantly and contribute to sea level rise in the coming decades; the aforementioned high spatial resolution allows for detailed study of the regional response of these ...
Uncertainties in future projections of extreme precipitation in the
... capacity of the atmospheric column from the Clausius-Clapeyron relationship. Turner and Slingo (2009) repeated this methodology for the Indian monsoon region in HadCM3 and showed that this result was robust even at a regional level. Here, we repeat these calculations for the CMIP3 models. Figure 3a ...
... capacity of the atmospheric column from the Clausius-Clapeyron relationship. Turner and Slingo (2009) repeated this methodology for the Indian monsoon region in HadCM3 and showed that this result was robust even at a regional level. Here, we repeat these calculations for the CMIP3 models. Figure 3a ...
Atmospheric model
An atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It can supplement these equations with parameterizations for turbulent diffusion, radiation, moist processes (clouds and precipitation), heat exchange, soil, vegetation, surface water, the kinematic effects of terrain, and convection. Most atmospheric models are numerical, i.e. they discretize equations of motion. They can predict microscale phenomena such as tornadoes and boundary layer eddies, sub-microscale turbulent flow over buildings, as well as synoptic and global flows. The horizontal domain of a model is either global, covering the entire Earth, or regional (limited-area), covering only part of the Earth. The different types of models run are thermotropic, barotropic, hydrostatic, and nonhydrostatic. Some of the model types make assumptions about the atmosphere which lengthens the time steps used and increases computational speed.Forecasts are computed using mathematical equations for the physics and dynamics of the atmosphere. These equations are nonlinear and are impossible to solve exactly. Therefore, numerical methods obtain approximate solutions. Different models use different solution methods. Global models often use spectral methods for the horizontal dimensions and finite-difference methods for the vertical dimension, while regional models usually use finite-difference methods in all three dimensions. For specific locations, model output statistics use climate information, output from numerical weather prediction, and current surface weather observations to develop statistical relationships which account for model bias and resolution issues.