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All About Meteorology - Library Video Company
All About Meteorology - Library Video Company

... week ahead of time impacts the lives of eve ryone around us.Weather affects the safety of ship and airline passengers, the amount of food that farmers can grow and even kids’ soccer games.The scientists who study the weather in order to make weather predictions are called meteorologists, and the stu ...
Wind stress curl
Wind stress curl

... • Many studies using high resolution (eddy-permitting) ocean models that show an improved simulation of the ocean (mean state and variability) • More complex to show how increased ocean resolution directly impacts on simulation of climate (e.g. atmosphere/land where people live) – may well need suff ...
Ecosystem Impacts of Climate Change
Ecosystem Impacts of Climate Change

Anthropogenic Global Warming: A Skeptical Point of View
Anthropogenic Global Warming: A Skeptical Point of View

... occurring at the boundaries (interactions) warming. In many cases, of each subsystem.6, 7 Some of these are understood, for example we can describe however, there is considerable uncertainty the “ice – albedo feedback”. It is well about whether changes in climate would known that ice and snow act to ...
No Slide Title
No Slide Title

... resolution, global and regional Earth System models, validated against quality controlled, high resolution gridded datasets for Europe, to produce for the first time, an objective probabalistic estimate of uncertainty in future climate at the seasonal, decadal and longer timescales ...




Climate Sensitivity - UW Atmospheric Sciences
Climate Sensitivity - UW Atmospheric Sciences

... • Climate forcing - uncertain, especially solar and aerosol forcing. • Heat storage - somewhat uncertain. • Climate sensitivity - also uncertain. No two of these are known with enough precision to usefully constrain uncertainty in the third, with the data available, although it is possible to fit th ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... set up by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The IPCC provides an objective and neutral source of information about climate change. ...
Climate Variability and Predictability Program Jim Todd Program Manager, CVP
Climate Variability and Predictability Program Jim Todd Program Manager, CVP

Extended Abstract
Extended Abstract

... of record criterion was instituted with the temperature and precipitation data to remove any biases of increasing number of observations over the twentieth century. The year 1910 was used as a starting point because of the small number of stations that have records that go back earlier than 1910; wh ...
Ouranos Climate Change Summary Report
Ouranos Climate Change Summary Report

... (true at 60 degrees north latitude) for the period 1961-2100. The simulations were driven at their boundaries by atmospheric fields taken from simulation output of the 4 th and 5th members of the third generation coupled Canadian Global Climate Model (CGCM3). Both global and regional simulations wer ...
Rudzani_Makhado_ClimateChange_Review
Rudzani_Makhado_ClimateChange_Review

Analysis of 20th Century Atlantic hurricane potential intensity and
Analysis of 20th Century Atlantic hurricane potential intensity and

... • Remote SST reduces trend of North Atlantic PI (confirming Vecchi and Soden 2007). • Remote SST also slightly reduces AMV effect on PI in the North Atlantic. ...
CMIP5 based climate change projections for India: its
CMIP5 based climate change projections for India: its

Slide 1
Slide 1

... centennial timescales, and the human impact on climate are inherently probabilistic due to uncertainties in:  initial conditions  representation of key processes within models  climatic forcing factors Reliable forecasts and estimates of climatic risk can only be made through ensemble integration ...
abstracts of the eighth CAWCR Workshop 10 November
abstracts of the eighth CAWCR Workshop 10 November

... depth of our research efforts. The theme for this year’s workshop is Coasts and Extremes. More than 85% of Australia’s population lives within 50 km of the coastline but coastal proximity increases the exposure to adverse impacts from extreme weather and natural hazards such as tropical cyclones, st ...
Coasts & Extremes – abstracts of the eighth CAWCR Melbourne, Australia
Coasts & Extremes – abstracts of the eighth CAWCR Melbourne, Australia

... depth of our research efforts. The theme for this year’s workshop is Coasts and Extremes. More than 85% of Australia’s population lives within 50 km of the coastline but coastal proximity increases the exposure to adverse impacts from extreme weather and natural hazards such as tropical cyclones, st ...
Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies
Atmospheric and Oceanic Studies

... The application of dynamical and physical meteorology to the analysis and prediction of the atmosphere. Topics include application of numerical and statistical models, diagnosis of vertical motion, development of midlatitude synoptic systems, mesoscale phenomena associated with cyclones, convective ...
General Outline for the Bachelor of Science Degree
General Outline for the Bachelor of Science Degree

... Introduction to the analysis of meteorological data using computers. Use of objective analysis to compute products used in weather forecasting. Formulation of the operational weather prediction models. Prerequisites: Mat 210 and Met 210. Sp-3MET 315 Weather Disasters The meteorology of weather disas ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Community Earth System Model
PowerPoint Presentation - Community Earth System Model

... Australia), Curt Covey (PCMDI, USA), Mojib Latif (MPI, Germany), and Ron Stouffer (GFDL, USA)]. This panel is coordinating the collection and archival of the multi-model output at PCMDI. The initial deadline for submission of model data is September 1, 2004. ...
STUDENT ACTIVITY 1-8: global futures
STUDENT ACTIVITY 1-8: global futures

... The two major ice sheets are the Greenland ice sheet and the Antarctic ice sheet. The Greenland ice sheet contains enough water to contribute about 7 m to sea level. A sustained rise in local temperatures of about 3 °C (that’s global warming of about 1.5 °C) is likely to be reached by the end of the ...
Antarctic precipitation and climate-change predictions: horizontal
Antarctic precipitation and climate-change predictions: horizontal

... Many atmospheric processes take place at much finer resolution than current meteorological and climate models can explicitly resolve due to computational limitations. Thus, parameterizations of subgrid processes are largely used in such models, or the subgrid component of processes acting at various ...
Introduction
Introduction

... mathematics of discounting to near zero. Thus, it is standard in analyses of the issue to show that with a long enough time period and a high enough discount rate, it is not worth spending trivial amounts today to save millions or billions of individuals living in the future. The alternative, a zero ...
Land-Sea Warming Contrast
Land-Sea Warming Contrast

... Further studies are needed to investigate the model dependencies of these results (especially a full 3-D ocean model), the role of the three processes in producing the land-ocean asymmetry and amplification over land, the regional differences in land-ocean interactions, the role of the tropics vs. t ...
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Atmospheric model



An atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It can supplement these equations with parameterizations for turbulent diffusion, radiation, moist processes (clouds and precipitation), heat exchange, soil, vegetation, surface water, the kinematic effects of terrain, and convection. Most atmospheric models are numerical, i.e. they discretize equations of motion. They can predict microscale phenomena such as tornadoes and boundary layer eddies, sub-microscale turbulent flow over buildings, as well as synoptic and global flows. The horizontal domain of a model is either global, covering the entire Earth, or regional (limited-area), covering only part of the Earth. The different types of models run are thermotropic, barotropic, hydrostatic, and nonhydrostatic. Some of the model types make assumptions about the atmosphere which lengthens the time steps used and increases computational speed.Forecasts are computed using mathematical equations for the physics and dynamics of the atmosphere. These equations are nonlinear and are impossible to solve exactly. Therefore, numerical methods obtain approximate solutions. Different models use different solution methods. Global models often use spectral methods for the horizontal dimensions and finite-difference methods for the vertical dimension, while regional models usually use finite-difference methods in all three dimensions. For specific locations, model output statistics use climate information, output from numerical weather prediction, and current surface weather observations to develop statistical relationships which account for model bias and resolution issues.
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