Land Use in Computable General Equilibrium Models: An Overview*
... CLUE are for China (Verburg et al., 1999) and for tropical South America (Wassenaar et al., 2007). The latter model works at the impressive spatial resolution of 3x3 km. SALU and IMAGE are examples of rule-based models. For instance, demand-driven expansion of agricultural production is met on the ...
... CLUE are for China (Verburg et al., 1999) and for tropical South America (Wassenaar et al., 2007). The latter model works at the impressive spatial resolution of 3x3 km. SALU and IMAGE are examples of rule-based models. For instance, demand-driven expansion of agricultural production is met on the ...
RADIATIVE AND CLIMATE EFFECTS OF AEROSOLS OVER THE
... which will account for effect of aerosol composition on the ice nucleation process. This interaction between cloud and aerosol can be very important in the Arctic given the predominance of solid and mixed-phase clouds. The new microphysics scheme is also able to simulate ice fog and diamond dust whi ...
... which will account for effect of aerosol composition on the ice nucleation process. This interaction between cloud and aerosol can be very important in the Arctic given the predominance of solid and mixed-phase clouds. The new microphysics scheme is also able to simulate ice fog and diamond dust whi ...
Project No. 282910 Effects of Climate Change on Air Pollution
... on European or global level. To achieve progress over the coming year, an initial protocol to link scenarios and surface models to chemistry transport models (CTMs) and global climate models (GCMs) was agreed on, and first set of bias-corrected climate drivers became available. Messages from model i ...
... on European or global level. To achieve progress over the coming year, an initial protocol to link scenarios and surface models to chemistry transport models (CTMs) and global climate models (GCMs) was agreed on, and first set of bias-corrected climate drivers became available. Messages from model i ...
opening statement
... land. At the same time, cloudiness affects the ocean temperature, the vertical motion of the air, and the type of vegetation. Therefore, all of these things have to be predicted together. When the climate changes, lots of things change, including the clouds. Exactly how the clouds change depends on ...
... land. At the same time, cloudiness affects the ocean temperature, the vertical motion of the air, and the type of vegetation. Therefore, all of these things have to be predicted together. When the climate changes, lots of things change, including the clouds. Exactly how the clouds change depends on ...
Slide 1
... How To Improve Parameterization? • Process studies, including field experiments, single column modeling, etc., can lead to better constraints on physical processes. • Ultimately, increased spatial resolution can allow more processes to be modeled explicitly. (But there are many orders of magnitude ...
... How To Improve Parameterization? • Process studies, including field experiments, single column modeling, etc., can lead to better constraints on physical processes. • Ultimately, increased spatial resolution can allow more processes to be modeled explicitly. (But there are many orders of magnitude ...
A preliminary impact assessment of typhoon wind - J
... The Kakushin program is a research program supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology in Japan, which aims at providing scientific basis for policy making on the adaptation to the emerging climate change in general and contributions to the forthcoming IPCC AR5 r ...
... The Kakushin program is a research program supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology in Japan, which aims at providing scientific basis for policy making on the adaptation to the emerging climate change in general and contributions to the forthcoming IPCC AR5 r ...
Climate Change Effects On Wind Speed
... their associated climate change effects typically span the range of projected changes. The A2 scenario can be described as “business as usual,” while the B1 scenario focuses on sustainable development and has half the carbon dioxide emissions of A2 in 2100. The surface wind fields from a 14member en ...
... their associated climate change effects typically span the range of projected changes. The A2 scenario can be described as “business as usual,” while the B1 scenario focuses on sustainable development and has half the carbon dioxide emissions of A2 in 2100. The surface wind fields from a 14member en ...
Predictive ecology: systems approaches
... address questions about the impact of environmental change on the biological world. Anthropogenic environmental change is creating novel environmental conditions and we need to develop the ability to forecast the way in which ecosystems, components of ecosystems and the services we derive from them, ...
... address questions about the impact of environmental change on the biological world. Anthropogenic environmental change is creating novel environmental conditions and we need to develop the ability to forecast the way in which ecosystems, components of ecosystems and the services we derive from them, ...
Climate change commitment
... from the observations; rare at a particular place and/or time of the year • At present, single extreme events cannot generally be directly attributed to anthropogenic influence – In some circumstances, the change in likelihood for the event to occur was attributable to accounting for observed change ...
... from the observations; rare at a particular place and/or time of the year • At present, single extreme events cannot generally be directly attributed to anthropogenic influence – In some circumstances, the change in likelihood for the event to occur was attributable to accounting for observed change ...
Large-scale effects of climate change on water resources in Sweden
... closely linked to observations of present climate, to improve the estimates of future climate change impact. The models were used to simulate long-term water balance as well as changes in high flows and droughts. Also other environmental changes (e.g. land use or remedial programs) were simulated fo ...
... closely linked to observations of present climate, to improve the estimates of future climate change impact. The models were used to simulate long-term water balance as well as changes in high flows and droughts. Also other environmental changes (e.g. land use or remedial programs) were simulated fo ...
Impact of wind changes in the upper troposphere lower stratosphere
... in the strength of the Brewer-Dobson circulation due to greenhouse gas increases, with important impacts on stratospheric and tropospheric composition. The predicted increase in the strength of the Brewer-Dobson circulation extends throughout the depth of the stratosphere. Observations of change ...
... in the strength of the Brewer-Dobson circulation due to greenhouse gas increases, with important impacts on stratospheric and tropospheric composition. The predicted increase in the strength of the Brewer-Dobson circulation extends throughout the depth of the stratosphere. Observations of change ...
Application of a forest succession model to a continentality gradient
... formulation of a number of processes is more mechanistic than in traditional gap models (Bugmann et al., 1996). Therefore this model seemed to be more appropriate to simulate impacts of changing climate on forest dynamics and it was chosen for further development and applications. Some model modific ...
... formulation of a number of processes is more mechanistic than in traditional gap models (Bugmann et al., 1996). Therefore this model seemed to be more appropriate to simulate impacts of changing climate on forest dynamics and it was chosen for further development and applications. Some model modific ...
Weather Balance By God
... Weather modification is the process of modifying the weather to enhance rainfall and/or suppress hail with the use of glaciogenic (silver iodide) and/or hygroscopic (calcium chloride) material, Project Meteorologist Jonathan Jennings of the West Texas Weather Modification Association said. Aircraft ...
... Weather modification is the process of modifying the weather to enhance rainfall and/or suppress hail with the use of glaciogenic (silver iodide) and/or hygroscopic (calcium chloride) material, Project Meteorologist Jonathan Jennings of the West Texas Weather Modification Association said. Aircraft ...
Hydromet - The Mission of The National Meteorological Service
... and climate. It provides meteorological and climate-based products and services to the Belizean public through systematic and accurate monitoring and data collection, reliable data analyses and timely dissemination of user-friendly information on regular and emergency events and processes. This is u ...
... and climate. It provides meteorological and climate-based products and services to the Belizean public through systematic and accurate monitoring and data collection, reliable data analyses and timely dissemination of user-friendly information on regular and emergency events and processes. This is u ...
CSIRO_CCAM Model_Methodology_FNL
... This section describes the methods used to provide high-resolution climate projection information for the Philippines. GCMs provide the best available tools for simulating large-scale future climates based on various greenhouse gas and aerosol emission scenarios, since they are able to couple atmosp ...
... This section describes the methods used to provide high-resolution climate projection information for the Philippines. GCMs provide the best available tools for simulating large-scale future climates based on various greenhouse gas and aerosol emission scenarios, since they are able to couple atmosp ...
Draft Tentative List submission for Earth`s Atmosphere
... Cultural Criterion (iv): The Earth’s atmosphere has played a central cultural role in human history from the pantheon of creation myths, and wind and sky deities embodying atmospheric properties, to paintings concerned with or reflecting atmospheric conditions, including Caspar David Friedrich’s Wan ...
... Cultural Criterion (iv): The Earth’s atmosphere has played a central cultural role in human history from the pantheon of creation myths, and wind and sky deities embodying atmospheric properties, to paintings concerned with or reflecting atmospheric conditions, including Caspar David Friedrich’s Wan ...
Climate and carbon cycle models in Integrated Assessment Models
... multitude of processes and feedbacks that operate on a wide range of time and space scales. For example, we may refer to the atmosphere where climate change is expressed in changes in the space-time variations of temperature or atmospheric humidity or changes in reaction kinetics of atmospheric cons ...
... multitude of processes and feedbacks that operate on a wide range of time and space scales. For example, we may refer to the atmosphere where climate change is expressed in changes in the space-time variations of temperature or atmospheric humidity or changes in reaction kinetics of atmospheric cons ...
Carbon Sequestration via Wood Burial
... 2C. SST and dynamical mechanisms Our analysis has singled out the importance of dry season precipitation change. The question naturally arises as to the robustness and mechanisms of such changes. The opposite change during the wet season, suggests that complex factors may be in play. We have identif ...
... 2C. SST and dynamical mechanisms Our analysis has singled out the importance of dry season precipitation change. The question naturally arises as to the robustness and mechanisms of such changes. The opposite change during the wet season, suggests that complex factors may be in play. We have identif ...
History of the greenhouse effect
... achieved this goal of prediction; and 4) many scenarios of changes, and especially of impact, are premised on relatively weak analysis. This latter point is illustrated by an examination of the relationship between increasing temperature and sea level change (the oceanic response to atmospheric warm ...
... achieved this goal of prediction; and 4) many scenarios of changes, and especially of impact, are premised on relatively weak analysis. This latter point is illustrated by an examination of the relationship between increasing temperature and sea level change (the oceanic response to atmospheric warm ...
A modelling framework for assessing adaptive management options
... Soil-plant models within the framework are used to assess the impacts of climate variability and change, and effects of changes in management practices at field or cropping system level on production and soil-plant processes. In addition to yield estimates, also nutrient leaching and GHG emissions f ...
... Soil-plant models within the framework are used to assess the impacts of climate variability and change, and effects of changes in management practices at field or cropping system level on production and soil-plant processes. In addition to yield estimates, also nutrient leaching and GHG emissions f ...
Atmospheric model
An atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It can supplement these equations with parameterizations for turbulent diffusion, radiation, moist processes (clouds and precipitation), heat exchange, soil, vegetation, surface water, the kinematic effects of terrain, and convection. Most atmospheric models are numerical, i.e. they discretize equations of motion. They can predict microscale phenomena such as tornadoes and boundary layer eddies, sub-microscale turbulent flow over buildings, as well as synoptic and global flows. The horizontal domain of a model is either global, covering the entire Earth, or regional (limited-area), covering only part of the Earth. The different types of models run are thermotropic, barotropic, hydrostatic, and nonhydrostatic. Some of the model types make assumptions about the atmosphere which lengthens the time steps used and increases computational speed.Forecasts are computed using mathematical equations for the physics and dynamics of the atmosphere. These equations are nonlinear and are impossible to solve exactly. Therefore, numerical methods obtain approximate solutions. Different models use different solution methods. Global models often use spectral methods for the horizontal dimensions and finite-difference methods for the vertical dimension, while regional models usually use finite-difference methods in all three dimensions. For specific locations, model output statistics use climate information, output from numerical weather prediction, and current surface weather observations to develop statistical relationships which account for model bias and resolution issues.