- Harvard University
... In the 1980-2006 NCEP/NCAR record, we find a decline in cyclone frequency of -0.15 cyclones/y, which may have limited the efficacy of air pollution regulations. For 2050-2000 A1B climate change, we calculate a10-20% decline in cyclone frequency, lengthening pollution episodes over Midwest and Northe ...
... In the 1980-2006 NCEP/NCAR record, we find a decline in cyclone frequency of -0.15 cyclones/y, which may have limited the efficacy of air pollution regulations. For 2050-2000 A1B climate change, we calculate a10-20% decline in cyclone frequency, lengthening pollution episodes over Midwest and Northe ...
Ruti et al. BAMS - Med
... wind, which blows through the Rhone valley into the Gulf of Lions and across to Corsica and Sardinia through the Strait of Bonifacio (Chronis et al., 2010). Another example is the Bora wind, which blows in a north-easterly direction across a series of topographical channels into the North Adriatic ...
... wind, which blows through the Rhone valley into the Gulf of Lions and across to Corsica and Sardinia through the Strait of Bonifacio (Chronis et al., 2010). Another example is the Bora wind, which blows in a north-easterly direction across a series of topographical channels into the North Adriatic ...
Climate Change Prediction: A challenging scientific problem
... factors. The characteristic timescale of the variability of the atmosphere at various spatial scales is critical in deciding whether and how the future state of the weather and climate might be forecast. It is the presence of relatively slow time and large space scale phenomena in the atmosphere whi ...
... factors. The characteristic timescale of the variability of the atmosphere at various spatial scales is critical in deciding whether and how the future state of the weather and climate might be forecast. It is the presence of relatively slow time and large space scale phenomena in the atmosphere whi ...
Quasi-realistic climate models
... of observations in space and time (“data assimilation”) • forecast of detailed development (e.g. weather forecast) characteristics: ...
... of observations in space and time (“data assimilation”) • forecast of detailed development (e.g. weather forecast) characteristics: ...
David A. Ridley - Massachusetts Institute of Technology
... for the aerosol direct radiative effect, assessing the role of organic aerosol in air quality and premature mortality in the US. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA (Oct 2012 - Oct 2014) Post-Doctoral Research Associate Leading several projects including aerosol trend att ...
... for the aerosol direct radiative effect, assessing the role of organic aerosol in air quality and premature mortality in the US. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA (Oct 2012 - Oct 2014) Post-Doctoral Research Associate Leading several projects including aerosol trend att ...
(Paper title:) - The Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
... To reconstruct and understand climate and ocean variability with a frequency longer than seasonal to sub-decadal or to use past analogues of future climate conditions, paleoclimate archives provide critical information. In the Antarctic region, such records are principally derived from ice and marin ...
... To reconstruct and understand climate and ocean variability with a frequency longer than seasonal to sub-decadal or to use past analogues of future climate conditions, paleoclimate archives provide critical information. In the Antarctic region, such records are principally derived from ice and marin ...
Biogeophysical effects of CO2 fertilization on global climate
... In the Physiol-noGHG case, the land and ocean carbon cycle models use the predicted atmospheric CO 2 content associated with the prescribed emissions, but the radiation calculation uses the pre-industrial concentrations of CO 2 and other greenhouse gases: there is no change in greenhouse gas radiati ...
... In the Physiol-noGHG case, the land and ocean carbon cycle models use the predicted atmospheric CO 2 content associated with the prescribed emissions, but the radiation calculation uses the pre-industrial concentrations of CO 2 and other greenhouse gases: there is no change in greenhouse gas radiati ...
An hybrid multiscale model for immersed granular flows
... A lot of numerical methods have been developed to understand and predict immersed granular flows i.e. mixture of grains in suspension within a fluid [1]. We can separate the different types of physical models for immersed granular flows with respect to the scale at which the flow is modeled [2]. At large ...
... A lot of numerical methods have been developed to understand and predict immersed granular flows i.e. mixture of grains in suspension within a fluid [1]. We can separate the different types of physical models for immersed granular flows with respect to the scale at which the flow is modeled [2]. At large ...
Future deforestation in the Amazon and consequences
... observations by Knox et al. (2015). We run the coupled model over the domain of 36◦S to 13◦N and 82◦W to 34◦W (the region shown in Fig. 1) at 64km resolution which is a compromise between improved resolution and computational time. Even with this compromise, computational cost and computational time ...
... observations by Knox et al. (2015). We run the coupled model over the domain of 36◦S to 13◦N and 82◦W to 34◦W (the region shown in Fig. 1) at 64km resolution which is a compromise between improved resolution and computational time. Even with this compromise, computational cost and computational time ...
The Science of Climate Change
... atmosphere that protects it from high-energy radiation and also absorbs enough heat to provide a moderate climate to support life. If we upset this balance, then our life support system will be at risk. However the early atmosphere was not always so. The Formation of the Earth’s Atmosphere At the be ...
... atmosphere that protects it from high-energy radiation and also absorbs enough heat to provide a moderate climate to support life. If we upset this balance, then our life support system will be at risk. However the early atmosphere was not always so. The Formation of the Earth’s Atmosphere At the be ...
This snapshot shows the ocean currents at a depth of 75 meters, as
... However, Daniela Matei modified the program and fed real atmospheric data into the ocean simulation on an ongoing basis, with wind and air pressure values gathered by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) over the course of 50 years. This showed that integrating real wind values d ...
... However, Daniela Matei modified the program and fed real atmospheric data into the ocean simulation on an ongoing basis, with wind and air pressure values gathered by the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) over the course of 50 years. This showed that integrating real wind values d ...
Biogeosciences
... 2006, 1997; Carr et al., 2006). These methods have the advantage in that they provide large spatial and temporal coverage of vast ocean areas. Reference measurements from shipbased observations, however, are still sparse. Complex algorithms lead stepwise from ocean colour measurements to Chl concent ...
... 2006, 1997; Carr et al., 2006). These methods have the advantage in that they provide large spatial and temporal coverage of vast ocean areas. Reference measurements from shipbased observations, however, are still sparse. Complex algorithms lead stepwise from ocean colour measurements to Chl concent ...
C.4: Climate Change - North American Duck Symposium
... increasingly made to the South-West. For migratory Teal, this indicates an increased faithfulness to the Camargue winter quarter. For Mallard, though, some birds may have become around-the-year residents: while the distance from banding site to recovery location was >400 km between the 1950s and 197 ...
... increasingly made to the South-West. For migratory Teal, this indicates an increased faithfulness to the Camargue winter quarter. For Mallard, though, some birds may have become around-the-year residents: while the distance from banding site to recovery location was >400 km between the 1950s and 197 ...
SDSM-a decision support tool for the assessment of regional
... sub-GCM grid-scale climate features dynamically using time-varying atmospheric conditions supplied by a GCM bounding a specified domain. Both approaches will continue to play a significant role in the assessment of potential climate change impacts arising from future increases in greenhouse-gas conc ...
... sub-GCM grid-scale climate features dynamically using time-varying atmospheric conditions supplied by a GCM bounding a specified domain. Both approaches will continue to play a significant role in the assessment of potential climate change impacts arising from future increases in greenhouse-gas conc ...
PHYS575 Syllabus - Atmospheric Physics 1
... you are responsible for a task, you will perform that task. When you rely on someone else’s work in an aspect of the performance of that task, you will give full credit in the proper, accepted form. Another aspect of academic integrity is the free play of ideas. Vigorous discussion and debate are en ...
... you are responsible for a task, you will perform that task. When you rely on someone else’s work in an aspect of the performance of that task, you will give full credit in the proper, accepted form. Another aspect of academic integrity is the free play of ideas. Vigorous discussion and debate are en ...
Gameda_CAgM Nov08 CC Scenarios
... Parameterization schemes for processes at subgrid scales may be operating outside the range for which they were designed ...
... Parameterization schemes for processes at subgrid scales may be operating outside the range for which they were designed ...
Correcting the carbon cycle representation: How
... is a pressing need to find out more about the relationship between anthropogenic emissions of the main greenhouse gas, CO2 , and the resulting atmospheric concentration”; in particular, since “errors in predicting the carbon budget could come at high economic costs”. However, from an economist’s poi ...
... is a pressing need to find out more about the relationship between anthropogenic emissions of the main greenhouse gas, CO2 , and the resulting atmospheric concentration”; in particular, since “errors in predicting the carbon budget could come at high economic costs”. However, from an economist’s poi ...
The role of satellite measurements
... was no a priori reason that improvements in the models would all lead to reduced warming. In fact, they argued that better models might actually show more warming. This unsettled situation set the stage for such heated rhetoric on global warming that the subject has become the dominant global envir ...
... was no a priori reason that improvements in the models would all lead to reduced warming. In fact, they argued that better models might actually show more warming. This unsettled situation set the stage for such heated rhetoric on global warming that the subject has become the dominant global envir ...
ETADATA OF THE CLIMATE CHANGE KNOWLEDGE PORTAL
... 2. Climatologies: For each model, and for each of the four selected variables, 20‐year climatologies were formed. The ‘baseline’ interval (1986‐2005) was derived from the historical simulations, while the future climatologies (2020‐2039, 2040‐2059, 2060‐2079, 2080‐2099) were computed f ...
... 2. Climatologies: For each model, and for each of the four selected variables, 20‐year climatologies were formed. The ‘baseline’ interval (1986‐2005) was derived from the historical simulations, while the future climatologies (2020‐2039, 2040‐2059, 2060‐2079, 2080‐2099) were computed f ...
Atmospheric model
An atmospheric model is a mathematical model constructed around the full set of primitive dynamical equations which govern atmospheric motions. It can supplement these equations with parameterizations for turbulent diffusion, radiation, moist processes (clouds and precipitation), heat exchange, soil, vegetation, surface water, the kinematic effects of terrain, and convection. Most atmospheric models are numerical, i.e. they discretize equations of motion. They can predict microscale phenomena such as tornadoes and boundary layer eddies, sub-microscale turbulent flow over buildings, as well as synoptic and global flows. The horizontal domain of a model is either global, covering the entire Earth, or regional (limited-area), covering only part of the Earth. The different types of models run are thermotropic, barotropic, hydrostatic, and nonhydrostatic. Some of the model types make assumptions about the atmosphere which lengthens the time steps used and increases computational speed.Forecasts are computed using mathematical equations for the physics and dynamics of the atmosphere. These equations are nonlinear and are impossible to solve exactly. Therefore, numerical methods obtain approximate solutions. Different models use different solution methods. Global models often use spectral methods for the horizontal dimensions and finite-difference methods for the vertical dimension, while regional models usually use finite-difference methods in all three dimensions. For specific locations, model output statistics use climate information, output from numerical weather prediction, and current surface weather observations to develop statistical relationships which account for model bias and resolution issues.