C.W. Cunningham 2004
... well understood (Hoeh et al. 1997; Saavedra et al. 1997; Ladoukakis and Zouros 2001). In this study, we focus on the ‘‘standard’’ M-mtDNA, which is easily distinguished from F-mtDNA at the DNA sequence level. For the remainder of this paper, M-mtDNA will refer to ‘‘standard’’ M-mtDNA. An important c ...
... well understood (Hoeh et al. 1997; Saavedra et al. 1997; Ladoukakis and Zouros 2001). In this study, we focus on the ‘‘standard’’ M-mtDNA, which is easily distinguished from F-mtDNA at the DNA sequence level. For the remainder of this paper, M-mtDNA will refer to ‘‘standard’’ M-mtDNA. An important c ...
Gene Section ETV6 (ets variant 6) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... constitutive activation of the kinase activity of the partner protein, modification of the original functions of a transcription factor, loss of function of the fusion gene, affecting ETV6 and the partner gene, activation of a proto-oncogene in the vicinity of a chromosomal translocation and dominan ...
... constitutive activation of the kinase activity of the partner protein, modification of the original functions of a transcription factor, loss of function of the fusion gene, affecting ETV6 and the partner gene, activation of a proto-oncogene in the vicinity of a chromosomal translocation and dominan ...
Trichothiodystrophy: Update on the sulfur
... defective synthesis of high-sulfur matrix proteins. Abnormalities in excision repair of ultraviolet (UV)damaged DNA are recognized in about half of the patients. Three distinct autosomal recessive syndromes are associated with nucleotide excision repair (NER) defects: the photosensitive form of TTD, ...
... defective synthesis of high-sulfur matrix proteins. Abnormalities in excision repair of ultraviolet (UV)damaged DNA are recognized in about half of the patients. Three distinct autosomal recessive syndromes are associated with nucleotide excision repair (NER) defects: the photosensitive form of TTD, ...
Chromosome 4q31 locus in COPD is also associated with lung cancer
... to better examine SNP associations with lung cancer and/or COPD, three study populations should be employed: smokers with normal lung function (resistant smokers with no evidence of COPD); smokers with COPD; and smokers with lung cancer in whom spirometry has been performed to identify coexisting CO ...
... to better examine SNP associations with lung cancer and/or COPD, three study populations should be employed: smokers with normal lung function (resistant smokers with no evidence of COPD); smokers with COPD; and smokers with lung cancer in whom spirometry has been performed to identify coexisting CO ...
Genetic or epigenetic difference causing discordance between
... evolving. If we refer the classical twin research noted above as ‘first-generation twin research’, secondgeneration twin research may be the study to identify environmental risk factors causing discordance, or to identify endophenotypes associated with the disease. The former strategy was used, for ...
... evolving. If we refer the classical twin research noted above as ‘first-generation twin research’, secondgeneration twin research may be the study to identify environmental risk factors causing discordance, or to identify endophenotypes associated with the disease. The former strategy was used, for ...
perspectives - University of Arizona | Ecology and Evolutionary Biology
... Muller and Bridges thought that duplications might arise as mistakes in crossing over, or a similar process, and recognized their great evolutionary importance: organisms of greater complexity would arise as the gene number is increased and new functions are acquired. The idea that new genes come fr ...
... Muller and Bridges thought that duplications might arise as mistakes in crossing over, or a similar process, and recognized their great evolutionary importance: organisms of greater complexity would arise as the gene number is increased and new functions are acquired. The idea that new genes come fr ...
The bonobo genome compared with the chimpanzee and human
... human traits than they are to one another’s. No parsimonious reconstruction of the social structure and behavioural patterns of the common ancestor of humans, chimpanzees and bonobos is therefore possible. That ancestor may in fact have possessed a mosaic of features, including those now seen in bon ...
... human traits than they are to one another’s. No parsimonious reconstruction of the social structure and behavioural patterns of the common ancestor of humans, chimpanzees and bonobos is therefore possible. That ancestor may in fact have possessed a mosaic of features, including those now seen in bon ...
P57: Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome
... p57 is paternally imprinted in the genome IGFII is maternally imprinted in the genome Genomic imprinting is the reversible modification of DNA that causes differential expression of maternally or paternally inherited genes A gene which is imprinted, is inactivated, by being methylated Impr ...
... p57 is paternally imprinted in the genome IGFII is maternally imprinted in the genome Genomic imprinting is the reversible modification of DNA that causes differential expression of maternally or paternally inherited genes A gene which is imprinted, is inactivated, by being methylated Impr ...
Lesson Plan, GeneChip® Microarrays: Teacher`s Guide
... decide to cut out some of the questions to lessen the workload. Or, you could have the students write their own questions for the material and then bring them to class the next day to switch with other students. Then, in class they could answer each others questions as the warm up for the day. Depen ...
... decide to cut out some of the questions to lessen the workload. Or, you could have the students write their own questions for the material and then bring them to class the next day to switch with other students. Then, in class they could answer each others questions as the warm up for the day. Depen ...
Parallel Genetic and Phenotypic Evolution of DNA Superhelicity in
... some viral and bacterial pathogens (Crandall et al. 1999; Reid et al. 2000). The parallel evolution of DNA superhelicity in the long-term experiment with E. coli provides therefore highly suggestive evidence that the resulting changes are adaptive. The change in DNA supercoiling was then further exa ...
... some viral and bacterial pathogens (Crandall et al. 1999; Reid et al. 2000). The parallel evolution of DNA superhelicity in the long-term experiment with E. coli provides therefore highly suggestive evidence that the resulting changes are adaptive. The change in DNA supercoiling was then further exa ...
Environmental Microbiology
... 43 in E. coli are dependent on a differential DNA methylation pattern and therefore represents an epigenetic mechanism of phase variation (van der Woude et al., 1996; Henderson et al., 1999). Methylation of GATC sites in the genome is dependent on deoxyadenosine methylase (dam), which binds to the G ...
... 43 in E. coli are dependent on a differential DNA methylation pattern and therefore represents an epigenetic mechanism of phase variation (van der Woude et al., 1996; Henderson et al., 1999). Methylation of GATC sites in the genome is dependent on deoxyadenosine methylase (dam), which binds to the G ...
Mapping the Genetic Architecture of Gene Expression in Human Liver
... associated traits. Because a majority of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected as associated with disease traits from the recent wave of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) do not appear to affect protein sequence, it is likely that these SNPs either regulate gene activity at the trans ...
... associated traits. Because a majority of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected as associated with disease traits from the recent wave of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) do not appear to affect protein sequence, it is likely that these SNPs either regulate gene activity at the trans ...
The Breast Cancer Polygene and Longevity Genes: The Implications
... mutations and with polygenotype P = 0. The P + MG model uses both major gene and polygene probabilities in the weighted average EPVs, while the MG model uses only the major gene probabilities. . Level net premium for females with a family history of BC or OC, as a percentage of the standard premium. ...
... mutations and with polygenotype P = 0. The P + MG model uses both major gene and polygene probabilities in the weighted average EPVs, while the MG model uses only the major gene probabilities. . Level net premium for females with a family history of BC or OC, as a percentage of the standard premium. ...
Mutation and selection within the individual
... Germline selection has two primary effects depending on the source of genetic variation within an individual. When a genetic mosaic is created by mutation, germline selection will alter the frequency of the mutation transmitted to offspring. Mutations increasing cell proliferation will be more likel ...
... Germline selection has two primary effects depending on the source of genetic variation within an individual. When a genetic mosaic is created by mutation, germline selection will alter the frequency of the mutation transmitted to offspring. Mutations increasing cell proliferation will be more likel ...
Animal Models of human DCG`s
... You are reading a Times article with a friend and you come across the following statement: “The study hypothesized that some of these susceptibility factors may be allelic variants of genes that govern embryonic serotonin neuron development and that these alleles may contribute to behavioral disorde ...
... You are reading a Times article with a friend and you come across the following statement: “The study hypothesized that some of these susceptibility factors may be allelic variants of genes that govern embryonic serotonin neuron development and that these alleles may contribute to behavioral disorde ...
Ch08_complete-Inheritance,_Genes
... 1. In the genetic cross AaBbCcDdEE x AaBBCcDdEe where all the genes are unlinked, what fractions of offspring will be heterozygous for all of these genes? 2. In a plant species, two alleles control flower color, which can be yellow, blue, or white. Crosses of these plants produce the offspring provi ...
... 1. In the genetic cross AaBbCcDdEE x AaBBCcDdEe where all the genes are unlinked, what fractions of offspring will be heterozygous for all of these genes? 2. In a plant species, two alleles control flower color, which can be yellow, blue, or white. Crosses of these plants produce the offspring provi ...
Mutations in an AP2 Transcription Factor
... SM never transitions to FM fate in the double mutants. It is of interest that a MIR172 family member (TS4) can negatively regulate both IDS1 and SID1 [25,26]. Up-regulation of IDS1 results in extra florets, and sexual identity in maize is acquired by limiting floral growth through negative regulatio ...
... SM never transitions to FM fate in the double mutants. It is of interest that a MIR172 family member (TS4) can negatively regulate both IDS1 and SID1 [25,26]. Up-regulation of IDS1 results in extra florets, and sexual identity in maize is acquired by limiting floral growth through negative regulatio ...
How to report IG sequence data in clinical Richard Rosenquist Uppsala, Sweden
... to investigate the clinical association. • The ERIC database has been created to facilitate an internationell collaborative ...
... to investigate the clinical association. • The ERIC database has been created to facilitate an internationell collaborative ...
Gene Selection For A Discriminant Microarray Data Analysis
... Microarray experiments were carried out before and after chemotherapy on the same patient. Since these two samples are not independent, usual logistic regression can not be applied. We use paired case-control logistic regression. Two features: (1) each pair is essentially a sample without a ...
... Microarray experiments were carried out before and after chemotherapy on the same patient. Since these two samples are not independent, usual logistic regression can not be applied. We use paired case-control logistic regression. Two features: (1) each pair is essentially a sample without a ...
Statistical analysis of DNA microarray data
... Which genes to use for normalization Housekeeping genes Genes involved in essential activities of cell maintenance and survival, but not in cell function and proliferation These genes will be similarly expressed in all samples. Difficult to identify – need to be confirmed Affymetrix GeneC ...
... Which genes to use for normalization Housekeeping genes Genes involved in essential activities of cell maintenance and survival, but not in cell function and proliferation These genes will be similarly expressed in all samples. Difficult to identify – need to be confirmed Affymetrix GeneC ...
Genome-wide histone modification patterns in
... We next turned to genome-wide localization studies to characterize the distribution of H3K9 methylation across the K. lactis genome. Nucleosome resolution ChIP-Seq was carried out using antibodies against H3K9me1, me2, and me3. Unexpectedly, we found no particular enrichment of H3K9 methylation over ...
... We next turned to genome-wide localization studies to characterize the distribution of H3K9 methylation across the K. lactis genome. Nucleosome resolution ChIP-Seq was carried out using antibodies against H3K9me1, me2, and me3. Unexpectedly, we found no particular enrichment of H3K9 methylation over ...
Oncogenomics
Oncogenomics is a relatively new sub-field of genomics that applies high throughput technologies to characterize genes associated with cancer. Oncogenomics is synonymous with ""cancer genomics"". Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of mutations to DNA leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation. The goal of oncogenomics is to identify new oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis, predicting clinical outcome of cancers, and new targets for cancer therapies. The success of targeted cancer therapies such as Gleevec, Herceptin, and Avastin raised the hope for oncogenomics to elucidate new targets for cancer treatment.Besides understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms that initiates or drives cancer progression, one of the main goals of oncogenomics is to allow for the development of personalized cancer treatment. Cancer develops due to an accumulation of mutations in DNA. These mutations accumulate randomly, and thus, different DNA mutations and mutation combinations exist between different individuals with the same type of cancer. Thus, identifying and targeting specific mutations which have occurred in an individual patient may lead to increased efficacy of cancer therapy.The completion of the Human Genome Project has greatly facilitated the field of oncogenomics and has increased the abilities of researchers to find cancer causing genes. In addition, the sequencing technologies now available for sequence generation and data analysis have been applied to the study of oncogenomics. With the amount of research conducted on cancer genomes and the accumulation of databases documenting the mutational changes, it has been predicted that the most important cancer-causing mutations, rearrangements, and altered expression levels will be cataloged and well characterized within the next decade.Cancer research may look either on the genomic level at DNA mutations, the epigenetic level at methylation or histone modification changes, the transcription level at altered levels of gene expression, or the protein level at altered levels of protein abundance and function in cancer cells. Oncogenomics focuses on the genomic, epigenomic, and transcript level alterations in cancer.