![Comparative neuronal morphology of the](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/017825114_1-e76cd0e5837586d163fffe76b32dde46-300x300.png)
Comparative neuronal morphology of the
... Although there are many representative freehand and camera lucida drawings of cerebellar cortex neurons (Ramón y Cajal, 1909, 1911; Chan-Palay and Palay, 1970, 1972; Palay and ChanPalay, 1974; Braak and Braak, 1983; Bishop, 1993; Lainé and Axelrad, 1996), very few cerebellar neurons have been digita ...
... Although there are many representative freehand and camera lucida drawings of cerebellar cortex neurons (Ramón y Cajal, 1909, 1911; Chan-Palay and Palay, 1970, 1972; Palay and ChanPalay, 1974; Braak and Braak, 1983; Bishop, 1993; Lainé and Axelrad, 1996), very few cerebellar neurons have been digita ...
Structure of Receptive Fields in Area 3b of Primary Somatosensory
... Electrophysiological recordings were made in the postcentral gyri of five hemispheres using standard techniques (Phillips et al., 1988; Mountcastle et al., 1991). On each recording day, a multielectrode microdrive (Mountcastle et al., 1991) was loaded with seven quartz-coated platinum /tungsten (90/ ...
... Electrophysiological recordings were made in the postcentral gyri of five hemispheres using standard techniques (Phillips et al., 1988; Mountcastle et al., 1991). On each recording day, a multielectrode microdrive (Mountcastle et al., 1991) was loaded with seven quartz-coated platinum /tungsten (90/ ...
Jesús Pujol Martí Neural map organization and development in the lateral-line system
... The nervous system has seized scientists‟ attention throughout the ages. Anatomical methods are the oldest way for studying the nervous system and have uncovered basic principles of its organization, defining a valuable groundwork for understanding its functions. Another important source of informat ...
... The nervous system has seized scientists‟ attention throughout the ages. Anatomical methods are the oldest way for studying the nervous system and have uncovered basic principles of its organization, defining a valuable groundwork for understanding its functions. Another important source of informat ...
(2000). Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated behavior.
... in the lower medulla and upper cervical spinal cord). It seems reasonable to postulate that these pattern generators are also influenced by higher levels of the motor hierarchy, namely pattern initiators and controllers. In closing this section, we should point out that there are three divisions of ...
... in the lower medulla and upper cervical spinal cord). It seems reasonable to postulate that these pattern generators are also influenced by higher levels of the motor hierarchy, namely pattern initiators and controllers. In closing this section, we should point out that there are three divisions of ...
Cerebral hemisphere regulation of motivated
... in the lower medulla and upper cervical spinal cord). It seems reasonable to postulate that these pattern generators are also influenced by higher levels of the motor hierarchy, namely pattern initiators and controllers. In closing this section, we should point out that there are three divisions of ...
... in the lower medulla and upper cervical spinal cord). It seems reasonable to postulate that these pattern generators are also influenced by higher levels of the motor hierarchy, namely pattern initiators and controllers. In closing this section, we should point out that there are three divisions of ...
Behavioral Response and Transmitter Release During Atonia
... remaining 5 cases in the medial medulla elicited contralateral inhibition with no change in ipsilateral muscle tone. In contrast to their responses in waking, when stimulation with the same parameters was applied during SWS, bilateral inhibition without after-facilitation occurred in all cases (Fig. ...
... remaining 5 cases in the medial medulla elicited contralateral inhibition with no change in ipsilateral muscle tone. In contrast to their responses in waking, when stimulation with the same parameters was applied during SWS, bilateral inhibition without after-facilitation occurred in all cases (Fig. ...
GABAergic Influence on Taste Information in the Central Gustatory
... discrimination capabalities; the research by Smith and Li further suggests that many cells may normally be under GABAergic inhibition because after GABA inhibition was removed, cells responded more equally to the top two best stimuli, but when GABA was present their response was sharpened to be hig ...
... discrimination capabalities; the research by Smith and Li further suggests that many cells may normally be under GABAergic inhibition because after GABA inhibition was removed, cells responded more equally to the top two best stimuli, but when GABA was present their response was sharpened to be hig ...
Differential regulation of the central neural cardiorespiratory system
... (b) The baroreflex pathway is shown on its own. Stretch receptor afferent neurons from the aortic arch and carotid sinus and the neurons synapse in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Neurons in the NTS then activate inhibitory neurons (blue) in the caudal ventrolateral medulla, which in turn inhi ...
... (b) The baroreflex pathway is shown on its own. Stretch receptor afferent neurons from the aortic arch and carotid sinus and the neurons synapse in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS). Neurons in the NTS then activate inhibitory neurons (blue) in the caudal ventrolateral medulla, which in turn inhi ...
Study Objectives
... 8. Summarize the language impairments that characterize Broca's aphasia. 9. Summarize the language impairments that characterize Wernicke’s aphasia. 10. Compare and contrast Broca’s aphasia and Wernicke’s aphasia. Explain why it is an oversimplification to categorize Broca’s aphasia as an expressive ...
... 8. Summarize the language impairments that characterize Broca's aphasia. 9. Summarize the language impairments that characterize Wernicke’s aphasia. 10. Compare and contrast Broca’s aphasia and Wernicke’s aphasia. Explain why it is an oversimplification to categorize Broca’s aphasia as an expressive ...
Contrasting early visual cortical activation states causally involved in
... neural activation states associated with these functions (Silvanto & Pascual-Leone, 2008; Silvanto et al., 2008). To investigate neural activation states, we made use of the findings that the behavioral effects of TMS vary with the initial state of the targeted region, and that different psychophysic ...
... neural activation states associated with these functions (Silvanto & Pascual-Leone, 2008; Silvanto et al., 2008). To investigate neural activation states, we made use of the findings that the behavioral effects of TMS vary with the initial state of the targeted region, and that different psychophysic ...
chelazzi et al 2012 - Emergent Attention Lab
... strategic control of attention. In contrast, reward delivery can directly alter the processing of specific stimuli by increasing their attentional priority, and this can be measured even when rewards are no longer involved, reflecting a form of reward-mediated attentional learning. As a further develo ...
... strategic control of attention. In contrast, reward delivery can directly alter the processing of specific stimuli by increasing their attentional priority, and this can be measured even when rewards are no longer involved, reflecting a form of reward-mediated attentional learning. As a further develo ...
The Development of Ocular Dominance Columns
... columns normally develop. In such animals, neural activity was dramatically reduced in LGN and visual cortex, and geniculocortical afferents did not form ocular dominance patches; they remained instead in their infantile state of complete overlap (figure 6). This lack of segregation was also apparen ...
... columns normally develop. In such animals, neural activity was dramatically reduced in LGN and visual cortex, and geniculocortical afferents did not form ocular dominance patches; they remained instead in their infantile state of complete overlap (figure 6). This lack of segregation was also apparen ...
The Optic Tectum in Fishes
... some tectal cells can be excited by one range of wavelengths while being inhibited by another. Such qualitative response differences indicate a color discriminating system. As in mammalian visual cortex, color processing is likely bound up with pattern and shape processing. Motion is an important st ...
... some tectal cells can be excited by one range of wavelengths while being inhibited by another. Such qualitative response differences indicate a color discriminating system. As in mammalian visual cortex, color processing is likely bound up with pattern and shape processing. Motion is an important st ...
Synaptic Targets of Medial Septal Projections in the Hippocampus
... Temporal coordination of neuronal assemblies among cortical areas is essential for behavioral performance. GABAergic projections from the medial septum and diagonal band complex exclusively innervate GABAergic interneurons in the rat hippocampus, contributing to the coordination of neuronal activity ...
... Temporal coordination of neuronal assemblies among cortical areas is essential for behavioral performance. GABAergic projections from the medial septum and diagonal band complex exclusively innervate GABAergic interneurons in the rat hippocampus, contributing to the coordination of neuronal activity ...
hypothalamus, pit..
... blood flow to the adenohypophysis or anterior pituitary gland. The posterior pituitary gland is supplied almost entirely by the inferior hypophyseal artery. Because most of the blood flow to the anterior pituitary gland is from the portal system, it is possible, on occasions, for the gland to outgro ...
... blood flow to the adenohypophysis or anterior pituitary gland. The posterior pituitary gland is supplied almost entirely by the inferior hypophyseal artery. Because most of the blood flow to the anterior pituitary gland is from the portal system, it is possible, on occasions, for the gland to outgro ...
A Critical Period of Sleep for Development of Courtship Circuitry and
... species (1–4), and human studies have indeed demonstrated that impaired sleep during critical periods of development can have severe and longlasting consequences (5–7). Yet it remains unknown whether sleep is required for normal structural maturation of the brain, as animal studies have focused on a ...
... species (1–4), and human studies have indeed demonstrated that impaired sleep during critical periods of development can have severe and longlasting consequences (5–7). Yet it remains unknown whether sleep is required for normal structural maturation of the brain, as animal studies have focused on a ...
Stimulation of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Decreases
... To study the influence of mPFC inputs on the responsiveness of Ce neurons, one to three conditioning stimuli (at 300 Hz, typically 0.05– 0.2 msec pulses of 0.1– 0.5 mA) were delivered to the mPFC before a single test stimulus to the insula or brainstem. This mPFC stimulation frequency was chosen bec ...
... To study the influence of mPFC inputs on the responsiveness of Ce neurons, one to three conditioning stimuli (at 300 Hz, typically 0.05– 0.2 msec pulses of 0.1– 0.5 mA) were delivered to the mPFC before a single test stimulus to the insula or brainstem. This mPFC stimulation frequency was chosen bec ...
The major symptom dimensions of obsessive
... Fifty-five unmedicated patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for OCD and 50 age-matched healthy controls participated in the study. OCD patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic for anxiety disorders of Stichting Buitenamstel Geestgronden in Amsterdam, the outpatient clinic for anxiety disorders ...
... Fifty-five unmedicated patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for OCD and 50 age-matched healthy controls participated in the study. OCD patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic for anxiety disorders of Stichting Buitenamstel Geestgronden in Amsterdam, the outpatient clinic for anxiety disorders ...
Through the looking glass: counter
... realigned and ‘unwarped’ (corrected for interactions between movements and field inhomogeneities) (Andersson et al., 2001), normalized to a standard echo planar imaging template, resampled to a resolution of 3 · 3 · 3 mm and smoothed with a three-dimensional Gaussian kernel with full-width half maxim ...
... realigned and ‘unwarped’ (corrected for interactions between movements and field inhomogeneities) (Andersson et al., 2001), normalized to a standard echo planar imaging template, resampled to a resolution of 3 · 3 · 3 mm and smoothed with a three-dimensional Gaussian kernel with full-width half maxim ...
Visually induced and spontaneous behavior in the zebrafish
... to understand the relation between neuronal activity and behavior. The methodology employed to investigate the neuronal causes of behavior can be grossly recapitulated by three successive steps (Clark et al., 2013). First is the need to characterize reproducible behavior. This is done by identifying ...
... to understand the relation between neuronal activity and behavior. The methodology employed to investigate the neuronal causes of behavior can be grossly recapitulated by three successive steps (Clark et al., 2013). First is the need to characterize reproducible behavior. This is done by identifying ...
Nitric Oxide Synthase Protein and mRNA Are
... whether the unique localization of NOS in rat brain is species specific or might be generalized, we have mapped NOS immunoreactivity throughout monkey brain. In all regions examined, the cell and fiber groups stained are the same as in rat (data not shown). In certain areas of monkey brain we haveco ...
... whether the unique localization of NOS in rat brain is species specific or might be generalized, we have mapped NOS immunoreactivity throughout monkey brain. In all regions examined, the cell and fiber groups stained are the same as in rat (data not shown). In certain areas of monkey brain we haveco ...
Contextual Modulation of Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Neurons
... (SNr) are known to encode saccadic eye movements within some, but not all, behavioral contexts. However, the precise contextual factors that effect the modulations of nigral activity are still uncertain. To further examine the effect of behavioral context on the SNr, we recorded the activity of 72 n ...
... (SNr) are known to encode saccadic eye movements within some, but not all, behavioral contexts. However, the precise contextual factors that effect the modulations of nigral activity are still uncertain. To further examine the effect of behavioral context on the SNr, we recorded the activity of 72 n ...
THESIS D - Krishikosh
... and well wishes, I want to preserve a special love for my relatives and well wishers, which enable me to complete the entire research program successfully. I would always remember the invaluable help, active cooperation and constant inspiration of my wife Dr. Sanjivani and my lovely son Arjun who ma ...
... and well wishes, I want to preserve a special love for my relatives and well wishers, which enable me to complete the entire research program successfully. I would always remember the invaluable help, active cooperation and constant inspiration of my wife Dr. Sanjivani and my lovely son Arjun who ma ...
Pansynaptic Enlargement at Adult Cortical
... the AF568 dye limits the resolution achievable in our neuronal images. Accordingly, we used the bead emission at >560 nm for PSF measurements. The FWHMs of each PSF were measured in Fiji using the MetroloJ plugin (http://imagejdocu.tudor.lu/doku.php?id=plugin: analysis:metroloj:start). The FWHM of 0 ...
... the AF568 dye limits the resolution achievable in our neuronal images. Accordingly, we used the bead emission at >560 nm for PSF measurements. The FWHMs of each PSF were measured in Fiji using the MetroloJ plugin (http://imagejdocu.tudor.lu/doku.php?id=plugin: analysis:metroloj:start). The FWHM of 0 ...
Dopamine in Schizophrenia
... Direct evidence for a DA dysfunction in schizophrenia has been lacking for years. As noted above, studies of HVA concentration in the CSF and in plasma have yielded inconsistent results (see Davis et al. 1991; Kahn and Davis 1995 for reviews of this literature). Early postmortem studies reported ele ...
... Direct evidence for a DA dysfunction in schizophrenia has been lacking for years. As noted above, studies of HVA concentration in the CSF and in plasma have yielded inconsistent results (see Davis et al. 1991; Kahn and Davis 1995 for reviews of this literature). Early postmortem studies reported ele ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Neural_Correlates_Of_Consciousness.jpg?width=300)
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.