Cardiac Energy Dependence on Glucose Increases
... towards the synthesis of complex lipids.9 Consistent with the switch to glucose metabolism in Acsl1H/ hearts, uptake of the FA analog 2-Br[14C]palmitate decreases 35%, while uptake of 2-deoxy[14C]glucose increases 8-fold.9,10 Although one might predict that Acsl1H/ hearts have low energy stores, ...
... towards the synthesis of complex lipids.9 Consistent with the switch to glucose metabolism in Acsl1H/ hearts, uptake of the FA analog 2-Br[14C]palmitate decreases 35%, while uptake of 2-deoxy[14C]glucose increases 8-fold.9,10 Although one might predict that Acsl1H/ hearts have low energy stores, ...
Temporal Control of Gene Silencing by in ovo Electroporation
... detection of a possible phenotype during development. The analysis of gene function during development requires tight temporal control of gene silencing. Classic genetic tools will only allow for an assessment of gene function during the initial phase of gene activity. Additional activities during l ...
... detection of a possible phenotype during development. The analysis of gene function during development requires tight temporal control of gene silencing. Classic genetic tools will only allow for an assessment of gene function during the initial phase of gene activity. Additional activities during l ...
O - IS MU
... of uric acid in body fluids is the monovalent hydrogen urate anion. Unfortunately, uric acid and its urate salts have a low solubility in water. The average serum concentrations in humans (normal range 100-400 µmol/l) is close to the solubility limit, above which the precipitation of needle-shaped m ...
... of uric acid in body fluids is the monovalent hydrogen urate anion. Unfortunately, uric acid and its urate salts have a low solubility in water. The average serum concentrations in humans (normal range 100-400 µmol/l) is close to the solubility limit, above which the precipitation of needle-shaped m ...
lecture04_05
... • For aligning amino acids, we need a scoring matrix of 20 rows 20 columns • Matrices represent biological processes – Mutation causes changes in sequence – Evolution tends to conserve protein function – Similar function requires similar amino acids ...
... • For aligning amino acids, we need a scoring matrix of 20 rows 20 columns • Matrices represent biological processes – Mutation causes changes in sequence – Evolution tends to conserve protein function – Similar function requires similar amino acids ...
Non-coding RNAs - Structural Biology Labs
... • Of all RNA, transcribed in higher eukaryotes, 98% are never translated into proteins • Of those 98%, about 50-70% are introns • The rest originate from non-protein genes, including rRNA, tRNA and a vast number of other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) • Even introns have been shown to contain ncRNAs, for ...
... • Of all RNA, transcribed in higher eukaryotes, 98% are never translated into proteins • Of those 98%, about 50-70% are introns • The rest originate from non-protein genes, including rRNA, tRNA and a vast number of other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) • Even introns have been shown to contain ncRNAs, for ...
BLAST- bioinformatics
... ask whether and how sequence-level changes result in functional changes. Can be done for coding or non-coding (i.e. regulatory regions) . ...
... ask whether and how sequence-level changes result in functional changes. Can be done for coding or non-coding (i.e. regulatory regions) . ...
Translational selection is operative for synonymous codon usage in
... one end of the distribution (Fig. 3a). This result is certainly related to the very strong purine bias associated with an excess of coding sequences that characterizes the leading strand of C. perfringens, as well as the genomes of several other Gram-positive prokaryotes (Shimizu et al., 2002). This ...
... one end of the distribution (Fig. 3a). This result is certainly related to the very strong purine bias associated with an excess of coding sequences that characterizes the leading strand of C. perfringens, as well as the genomes of several other Gram-positive prokaryotes (Shimizu et al., 2002). This ...
Molecular genetics of nucleotide sugar interconversion pathways in
... nucleotide sugar interconversion enzymes is still in its infancy. Arabidopsis mutants defective in the activation and interconversion of specific monosaccharides have recently become available, and several genes in these pathways have been cloned and characterized. The sequence determination of the ...
... nucleotide sugar interconversion enzymes is still in its infancy. Arabidopsis mutants defective in the activation and interconversion of specific monosaccharides have recently become available, and several genes in these pathways have been cloned and characterized. The sequence determination of the ...
Bdellovibrio
... differentiation. This recombination is catalyzed by the xisF gene which acts at two directly repeating 5 bp sequences within the fdxN gene (shown as green triangles above). As a result, the nifB-fdxN-nifS-nifU operon can then be expressed properly. * a 10.6 kb element is excised from the hupL gene, ...
... differentiation. This recombination is catalyzed by the xisF gene which acts at two directly repeating 5 bp sequences within the fdxN gene (shown as green triangles above). As a result, the nifB-fdxN-nifS-nifU operon can then be expressed properly. * a 10.6 kb element is excised from the hupL gene, ...
Biology and Society: Marathoners versus Sprinters
... 4. Describe the basic structure of a chromosome. Explain how DNA is packaged into an elaborate, multilevel system of coiling and folding. 5. Explain how and when chromosomes are duplicated. 6. Describe the key events of each phase of the cell cycle. 7. Describe the key events of each phase of mitosi ...
... 4. Describe the basic structure of a chromosome. Explain how DNA is packaged into an elaborate, multilevel system of coiling and folding. 5. Explain how and when chromosomes are duplicated. 6. Describe the key events of each phase of the cell cycle. 7. Describe the key events of each phase of mitosi ...
Onset of lactation in the bovine mammary gland:
... Abstract The mammary gland undergoes dramatic functional and metabolic changes during the transition from late pregnancy to lactation. To better understand the molecular events underlying these changes, we analyzed expression profiles of approximately 23,000 gene transcripts in bovine mammary tissue ...
... Abstract The mammary gland undergoes dramatic functional and metabolic changes during the transition from late pregnancy to lactation. To better understand the molecular events underlying these changes, we analyzed expression profiles of approximately 23,000 gene transcripts in bovine mammary tissue ...
Molecular Basis of Polymorphisms of Human Complement
... types have been characterized (5) by variations in their relative electrophoretic mobilities. An additional common structural polymorphism was identified by Koch and Behrendt (6) based on the reactivity of human C3 with a mouse mAb (HAV 4-1) that detected a genetic variation not associated with any ...
... types have been characterized (5) by variations in their relative electrophoretic mobilities. An additional common structural polymorphism was identified by Koch and Behrendt (6) based on the reactivity of human C3 with a mouse mAb (HAV 4-1) that detected a genetic variation not associated with any ...
Human β-NGF Antibody
... Recombinant human βNGF is a homodimer of two 120 amino acid polypeptides. The human protein shares approximately 90% homology at the amino acid level with both the mouse and rat βNGF and exhibits crossspecies activity. NGF is a wellcharacterized neurotropic protein that plays a critical role i ...
... Recombinant human βNGF is a homodimer of two 120 amino acid polypeptides. The human protein shares approximately 90% homology at the amino acid level with both the mouse and rat βNGF and exhibits crossspecies activity. NGF is a wellcharacterized neurotropic protein that plays a critical role i ...
Differential expression of six genes in fat
... A-FABP was found to be upregulated in a selected highfat line of Duroc pigs when compared to the low-fat Duroc group (Canovas et al., 2010). Differential A-FABP expression was also detected between Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs, where highest levels were measured in Berkshire, a breed well known for ...
... A-FABP was found to be upregulated in a selected highfat line of Duroc pigs when compared to the low-fat Duroc group (Canovas et al., 2010). Differential A-FABP expression was also detected between Berkshire and Yorkshire pigs, where highest levels were measured in Berkshire, a breed well known for ...
Characterization of the Plasmid-Encoded Arsenic Salts Resistance
... repressor protein, the down-regulation produced by the ArsD is inducer-independent, and its expression has little effect on the level of resistance set by the ArsR [27]. ArsA and ArsB are necessary and sufficient for an ATP-coupled oxyanion pump, which catalyzes extrusion of arsenite and antimonite, ...
... repressor protein, the down-regulation produced by the ArsD is inducer-independent, and its expression has little effect on the level of resistance set by the ArsR [27]. ArsA and ArsB are necessary and sufficient for an ATP-coupled oxyanion pump, which catalyzes extrusion of arsenite and antimonite, ...
Investigation 1: Examining RNA-Seq data
... We will continue to focus on isoform A of transformer (referred to as tra-RA). Here we will focus on data from experiments that assess the RNA population in cells. This data can be used to help us identify exons and introns for the gene under study. All RNAs in the cell are collectively known as the ...
... We will continue to focus on isoform A of transformer (referred to as tra-RA). Here we will focus on data from experiments that assess the RNA population in cells. This data can be used to help us identify exons and introns for the gene under study. All RNAs in the cell are collectively known as the ...
Searching for frameshift evolutionary relationships between protein
... from the opposite strand. It might at first appear that such changes in frame of translation during evolution will rarely lead to a new, viable protein that is capable of spontaneously folding. However, recent experiments with random protein sequences6 and proteins built from highly reduced amino ac ...
... from the opposite strand. It might at first appear that such changes in frame of translation during evolution will rarely lead to a new, viable protein that is capable of spontaneously folding. However, recent experiments with random protein sequences6 and proteins built from highly reduced amino ac ...
MS Word - VCU Secrets of the Sequence
... This lesson teaches students about the discovery of the structure of DNA and the importance of this knowledge in science today. Watson and Crick saw the structure of the DNA molecule as a double helix, often referred to as a twisted ladder, composed of two single-strands of DNA held together by hydr ...
... This lesson teaches students about the discovery of the structure of DNA and the importance of this knowledge in science today. Watson and Crick saw the structure of the DNA molecule as a double helix, often referred to as a twisted ladder, composed of two single-strands of DNA held together by hydr ...
The Mouse Prolactin Gene Family Locus
... RT-PCR restriction enzyme analysis of PL-I-related genes. PL-I-related cDNAs were amplified from blastocyst outgrowths or placentas from d 10 of gestation. Amplified products were digested with restriction enzymes capable of differentially cutting PL-I␣, PL-I, and/or PL-I␥. BsaJ1 digests each of th ...
... RT-PCR restriction enzyme analysis of PL-I-related genes. PL-I-related cDNAs were amplified from blastocyst outgrowths or placentas from d 10 of gestation. Amplified products were digested with restriction enzymes capable of differentially cutting PL-I␣, PL-I, and/or PL-I␥. BsaJ1 digests each of th ...
Summer Research: - Virginia Commonwealth University
... Joseph K. Ritter, PhD Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology ...
... Joseph K. Ritter, PhD Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology ...
Slide 1
... • A way of arranging the primary sequences of DNA, RNA and amino acid to identify the regions of similarity that may be a consequence of functional, structural or evolutionary relationship between the sequences. ...
... • A way of arranging the primary sequences of DNA, RNA and amino acid to identify the regions of similarity that may be a consequence of functional, structural or evolutionary relationship between the sequences. ...
Step-wise resistance due to low-affinity PBPs
... containing D-Ala-D-lactate; does not bind vancomycin (MIC = 32 - >256 – Resistance genes are on mobile elements, have spread widely since 1st reports in late 80’s; major focus of infection control – Multiresistant E. faecium (vancomycin, high-level ampicillin, high-level aminoglycoside) poses ...
... containing D-Ala-D-lactate; does not bind vancomycin (MIC = 32 - >256 – Resistance genes are on mobile elements, have spread widely since 1st reports in late 80’s; major focus of infection control – Multiresistant E. faecium (vancomycin, high-level ampicillin, high-level aminoglycoside) poses ...
File
... 1. Distinguish between autotrophs and heterotrohps. 2. Distinguish between chemoautotrophs and photoautotrophs. 3. Sketch a cross-section of the leaf of a photosynthetic plant. Label all parts and list the function of each. 4. Sketch a chloroplast and label its parts. 5. What is the net reaction for ...
... 1. Distinguish between autotrophs and heterotrohps. 2. Distinguish between chemoautotrophs and photoautotrophs. 3. Sketch a cross-section of the leaf of a photosynthetic plant. Label all parts and list the function of each. 4. Sketch a chloroplast and label its parts. 5. What is the net reaction for ...
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.