Chapter 11 Transcription and RNA Processing
... The Process of Gene Expression For non-viral proteins… Information stored in the nucleotide sequences of genes is translated into the amino acid sequences of proteins through unstable intermediaries called messenger (m)RNAs. Synthesis of viral proteins… in infected bacteria involved an unstable RNA ...
... The Process of Gene Expression For non-viral proteins… Information stored in the nucleotide sequences of genes is translated into the amino acid sequences of proteins through unstable intermediaries called messenger (m)RNAs. Synthesis of viral proteins… in infected bacteria involved an unstable RNA ...
Structure-Based Prediction of DNA Target Sites by Regulatory Proteins
... promoters and compared with experimental data. These results show that target binding sites for several regulatory proteins are successfully predicted, and our data suggest that this method can serve as a powerful tool for predicting multiple target sites and target genes for regulatory proteins. Pr ...
... promoters and compared with experimental data. These results show that target binding sites for several regulatory proteins are successfully predicted, and our data suggest that this method can serve as a powerful tool for predicting multiple target sites and target genes for regulatory proteins. Pr ...
Testis-specific TAF homologs collaborate to control a
... raising the possibility that cell-type- or stage-specific forms of what was previously thought of as the general transcription machinery may play an important role in selective activation of certain PolII promoters (Verrijzer, 2001). To date, however, only a few tissue-specific TAFIIs have been inve ...
... raising the possibility that cell-type- or stage-specific forms of what was previously thought of as the general transcription machinery may play an important role in selective activation of certain PolII promoters (Verrijzer, 2001). To date, however, only a few tissue-specific TAFIIs have been inve ...
Natural selection in vertebrate evolution under genomic and
... hagfish (E. burgeri) and zebrafish (Daino rerio) clustered with the terrestrial vertebrates, while black spotted frog (R. nigromaculata) and the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) clustered with the aquatic vertebrates. In the non-coding regions of the mitochondrial genomes, some of the terrestrial ver ...
... hagfish (E. burgeri) and zebrafish (Daino rerio) clustered with the terrestrial vertebrates, while black spotted frog (R. nigromaculata) and the water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) clustered with the aquatic vertebrates. In the non-coding regions of the mitochondrial genomes, some of the terrestrial ver ...
... Mycobacterial factors that allow inhibit phagolysosomal destruction and bacterial surviving into host macrophages remains elusive, therefore the studies of proteins and pathways involved in these specific evasion mechanisms during mycobacterial infections represent a challenge for understanding of M ...
SM-Day 1
... … neglects back and parallel substitutions: %ID goes falsely to zero at large evolutionary divergences. … uses information only from sites that are identical. Throws out information from the mutated sites. … includes no information about which kinds of changes are more likely to occur than oth ...
... … neglects back and parallel substitutions: %ID goes falsely to zero at large evolutionary divergences. … uses information only from sites that are identical. Throws out information from the mutated sites. … includes no information about which kinds of changes are more likely to occur than oth ...
Benefits of being biased! - Indian Academy of Sciences
... in Adh alleles of D. melanogaster is 0 (Nakamura et al. 2000). These three constructs, along with the wild type Adh allele from which they were derived, were introduced separately into the flies through germline transformations. The flies chosen for the purpose had a splicing defect due to which the ...
... in Adh alleles of D. melanogaster is 0 (Nakamura et al. 2000). These three constructs, along with the wild type Adh allele from which they were derived, were introduced separately into the flies through germline transformations. The flies chosen for the purpose had a splicing defect due to which the ...
(β/α)8-barrel enzymes present in completely sequenced genomes
... (1999) have proposed that the absence of PK may indicate the presence of yet another undetected enzyme which has displaced the “classical” form of PK. This fact is not too surprising because the other important metabolic pathway of the citricacid cycle was found to be incomplete or absent in several ...
... (1999) have proposed that the absence of PK may indicate the presence of yet another undetected enzyme which has displaced the “classical” form of PK. This fact is not too surprising because the other important metabolic pathway of the citricacid cycle was found to be incomplete or absent in several ...
Skodova-Euk-Cell-2013
... stage has a fully developed mitochondrion containing a full complement of cytochromes and most of the enzymes of the Krebs cycle (2, 3). Unexpectedly, however, the Krebs cycle does not work as a true cycle such as is seen in other eukaryotes, since it uses various intermediates produced by the amino ...
... stage has a fully developed mitochondrion containing a full complement of cytochromes and most of the enzymes of the Krebs cycle (2, 3). Unexpectedly, however, the Krebs cycle does not work as a true cycle such as is seen in other eukaryotes, since it uses various intermediates produced by the amino ...
Lila Neahring - Applications of Genomics to Malaria Treatment
... properties such as surface expression or limited antigenic diversity. This could be combined with data on stage-specific expression…to identify potential antigens that are ...
... properties such as surface expression or limited antigenic diversity. This could be combined with data on stage-specific expression…to identify potential antigens that are ...
Identification of prokaryotic homologues indicates an endosymbiotic
... chloroplast enzyme. 3.3. Origin of the mitochondrial and plastid SHAMsensitive alternative oxidases The presence of a homologue of the aox gene in an a-proteobacterium, the ancestor of mitochondria (Gray et al., 1999), suggests that this eukaryotic nuclear gene has been inherited from the ancestor o ...
... chloroplast enzyme. 3.3. Origin of the mitochondrial and plastid SHAMsensitive alternative oxidases The presence of a homologue of the aox gene in an a-proteobacterium, the ancestor of mitochondria (Gray et al., 1999), suggests that this eukaryotic nuclear gene has been inherited from the ancestor o ...
PINK1 positively regulates HDAC3 to suppress p53
... deacetylase activity. We demonstrate that PINK1 prevents H2O2-induced C-terminal cleavage of HDAC3 by inhibiting caspase-7 activity, which was reversed by protein phosphatase 4c (PP4c). PINK1-mediated phosphorylation of HDAC3 enhances its direct association with p53 and causes subsequent hypoacetyla ...
... deacetylase activity. We demonstrate that PINK1 prevents H2O2-induced C-terminal cleavage of HDAC3 by inhibiting caspase-7 activity, which was reversed by protein phosphatase 4c (PP4c). PINK1-mediated phosphorylation of HDAC3 enhances its direct association with p53 and causes subsequent hypoacetyla ...
metabolomic and computational systems analysis
... Sensitivity of fly heart to oxygen fluctuations not yet characterized ...
... Sensitivity of fly heart to oxygen fluctuations not yet characterized ...
Characterization of new proteins found by analysis
... preferences for particular codon usage; the monopeptide score (MPS) related to amino acid composition; and the dipeptide score (DPS) related to the dipeptide usage. To calibrate the method, these scores were compared between a set of biologically characterized sequences and a set of ORFs extracted f ...
... preferences for particular codon usage; the monopeptide score (MPS) related to amino acid composition; and the dipeptide score (DPS) related to the dipeptide usage. To calibrate the method, these scores were compared between a set of biologically characterized sequences and a set of ORFs extracted f ...
Is structural flexibility of antigen-binding loops
... FITC-labeled goat anti-mouse Ig for 30 min at room temperature, washed twice and resuspended with 400 µl of PBS containing 0.2% BSA. The fluorescence intensity of DNAcoupled silica gel particles was then measured using a FACStar (Becton Dickinson, Mountain View, CA) in logarithmic amplification. The ...
... FITC-labeled goat anti-mouse Ig for 30 min at room temperature, washed twice and resuspended with 400 µl of PBS containing 0.2% BSA. The fluorescence intensity of DNAcoupled silica gel particles was then measured using a FACStar (Becton Dickinson, Mountain View, CA) in logarithmic amplification. The ...
Aromatic Amino Acid Hydroxylase Genes and
... K274E mutation. In Family B, the PAH K274E mutation was present in all available family members except for one schizophrenic subject. In all cases, the PAH K274E mutation was observed in the heterozygous state, and was accompanied by the PAH L321L polymorphism, either in the heterozygous or homozygo ...
... K274E mutation. In Family B, the PAH K274E mutation was present in all available family members except for one schizophrenic subject. In all cases, the PAH K274E mutation was observed in the heterozygous state, and was accompanied by the PAH L321L polymorphism, either in the heterozygous or homozygo ...
Hypothesis: Hypoxia induces de novo synthesis of NeuGc
... of them was the GM3 synthase (ST3GAL5/SLC35E1) responsible for catalyzing the covalent addition of sialic acid to lactosylceramide to generate the GM3 ganglioside. We found, using SILAC, that GM3 synthase was up-regulated 1.5 fold (although with low statistical significance; p=0.11), which was confi ...
... of them was the GM3 synthase (ST3GAL5/SLC35E1) responsible for catalyzing the covalent addition of sialic acid to lactosylceramide to generate the GM3 ganglioside. We found, using SILAC, that GM3 synthase was up-regulated 1.5 fold (although with low statistical significance; p=0.11), which was confi ...
Document
... hgu133a, hu6800, mgu74a, rgu34a, YG. – Affy CDF data packages. – Probe sequence data packages. ...
... hgu133a, hu6800, mgu74a, rgu34a, YG. – Affy CDF data packages. – Probe sequence data packages. ...
currently Final program
... Wetlands are ecosystems in which the water table is permanently or periodically close to the soil surface. These water-saturated terrestrial environments, such as boreal Sphagnum-dominated peat bogs and lichen-dominated tundra peatlands, are abundantly colonized by members of the phylum Planctomycet ...
... Wetlands are ecosystems in which the water table is permanently or periodically close to the soil surface. These water-saturated terrestrial environments, such as boreal Sphagnum-dominated peat bogs and lichen-dominated tundra peatlands, are abundantly colonized by members of the phylum Planctomycet ...
mitochondrial dysfunction and treatment strategies
... cells. The daughter cells enter the G1 phase again and the process repeats itself. Cells can also enter a non-dividing state, which is either not reversible (senescence or apoptosis), or a non-proliferative phase (G0 phase, resting phase or quiescence). There are several check points in the cell cy ...
... cells. The daughter cells enter the G1 phase again and the process repeats itself. Cells can also enter a non-dividing state, which is either not reversible (senescence or apoptosis), or a non-proliferative phase (G0 phase, resting phase or quiescence). There are several check points in the cell cy ...
Journal of Bacteriology
... homologous gene of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii strain LPR5020. Except for amino acid 43, the N-terminal part of the corresponding protein appeared to be identical to the first 51 amino acids of RopA of strain 248. The transcription start sites of both genes were determined, and the promoter region ...
... homologous gene of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii strain LPR5020. Except for amino acid 43, the N-terminal part of the corresponding protein appeared to be identical to the first 51 amino acids of RopA of strain 248. The transcription start sites of both genes were determined, and the promoter region ...
Figures and figure supplements
... ERV-Fc phylogenies (right); dashed lines match species and the ERV-Fc found within their genome. The host phylogeny was adapted from (BinindaEmonds et al., 2007), while the ERV-Fc phylogeny is a supertree generated using Matrix Representation Parsimony (MRP) based on CA and Gag amino acid phylogenie ...
... ERV-Fc phylogenies (right); dashed lines match species and the ERV-Fc found within their genome. The host phylogeny was adapted from (BinindaEmonds et al., 2007), while the ERV-Fc phylogeny is a supertree generated using Matrix Representation Parsimony (MRP) based on CA and Gag amino acid phylogenie ...
Anabaena - Oxford Academic
... thioredoxin-based mechanism [3]. However, there is as yet little detailed information as regards the mechanism(s) of light/dark enzyme activation/inactivation. In this study, gene organization in the ?Mif regions of the genomes of two cyanobacteria was analysed to establish whether other genes encod ...
... thioredoxin-based mechanism [3]. However, there is as yet little detailed information as regards the mechanism(s) of light/dark enzyme activation/inactivation. In this study, gene organization in the ?Mif regions of the genomes of two cyanobacteria was analysed to establish whether other genes encod ...
Sylabus
... disturbances in these processes resulting in the onset of cancer and other diseases; Knows the biochemical background of nerve signal stransmission in the nervous system, and higher nervous functions, as well as the biochemistry of the skeletal and smooth muscles, and biochemical functions of the bl ...
... disturbances in these processes resulting in the onset of cancer and other diseases; Knows the biochemical background of nerve signal stransmission in the nervous system, and higher nervous functions, as well as the biochemistry of the skeletal and smooth muscles, and biochemical functions of the bl ...
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.