A new mitochondrial DNA mutation at 14577 T/C is probably a major
... sequencing (data not shown). In regard to 3243 mutation, we could not detect heteroplasmic mutation by Apa I digestion of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product with labeled primers (data not shown). We compared sequencing of the controls and the proband cybrid cells, and observed 6 nucleotide di ...
... sequencing (data not shown). In regard to 3243 mutation, we could not detect heteroplasmic mutation by Apa I digestion of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product with labeled primers (data not shown). We compared sequencing of the controls and the proband cybrid cells, and observed 6 nucleotide di ...
Biological and Bioinspired Self‑Assembly
... Protein Cages as Multifunctional Nanoplatforms • Proteins produced by viruses can be modified genetically or chemically in order to impart functionality • These protein cages have three distinct interfaces that can be synthetically exploited: – the interior – the exterior – the interface betwee ...
... Protein Cages as Multifunctional Nanoplatforms • Proteins produced by viruses can be modified genetically or chemically in order to impart functionality • These protein cages have three distinct interfaces that can be synthetically exploited: – the interior – the exterior – the interface betwee ...
Anti-Human Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) (C3960)
... Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) is produced in E. coli by a DNA sequence encoding the human CNTF protein.1 The human CNTF gene encodes a 200residue protein and appears to be a single-copy gene.2 The human CNTF coding domain consists of a single intron and the gene is located on chromosome 11.2 Th ...
... Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor (CNTF) is produced in E. coli by a DNA sequence encoding the human CNTF protein.1 The human CNTF gene encodes a 200residue protein and appears to be a single-copy gene.2 The human CNTF coding domain consists of a single intron and the gene is located on chromosome 11.2 Th ...
evolution of protein function by domain swapping
... of sequence, structure, and function, strategies that seem most applicable are combinatorial methods. Sequence and structural space are enormously large yet likely to be sparse in function. Nature must explore these spaces in a manner that preferentially examines areas relatively high in function. T ...
... of sequence, structure, and function, strategies that seem most applicable are combinatorial methods. Sequence and structural space are enormously large yet likely to be sparse in function. Nature must explore these spaces in a manner that preferentially examines areas relatively high in function. T ...
- Wiley Online Library
... such as the NHase from Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 (Okamoto et al., 2010). The third type has the gene order , such as the
NHase from Pseudomonas putida NRRL-18668 (Liu
et al., 2013). Although the activator of the NHase from
R. jostii strain acts as a metallochaperone ...
... such as the NHase from Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 (Okamoto et al., 2010). The third type has the gene order
Systematically Assessing the Influence of 3
... intricate 3-dimensional (3D) structure of the protein. As such, the local structural context of amino acid residues within the protein should significantly affect the level of selective constraint operating on the residues. Although this notion is readily assumed by many investigators (Bao and Cui 2 ...
... intricate 3-dimensional (3D) structure of the protein. As such, the local structural context of amino acid residues within the protein should significantly affect the level of selective constraint operating on the residues. Although this notion is readily assumed by many investigators (Bao and Cui 2 ...
View Full Text-PDF
... identified 2 isolates (P24 and P56) that were defective in production of all virulence factors tested PCR analysis of these isolates for the presence of QS genes revealed that P24 isolate contained lasR, lasI, rhlR and rhlI genes while P56 isolate was negative for lasR and rhlI. Bosgelmez et al. (20 ...
... identified 2 isolates (P24 and P56) that were defective in production of all virulence factors tested PCR analysis of these isolates for the presence of QS genes revealed that P24 isolate contained lasR, lasI, rhlR and rhlI genes while P56 isolate was negative for lasR and rhlI. Bosgelmez et al. (20 ...
Degradation signals within both terminal domains of the cauliflower
... Introduction Protein degradation plays an important role in many cellular processes: it allows much faster alteration of the amount of regulatory proteins than transcriptional or translational regulation, and is important for the relocation of biochemical resources. Although protein degradation has ...
... Introduction Protein degradation plays an important role in many cellular processes: it allows much faster alteration of the amount of regulatory proteins than transcriptional or translational regulation, and is important for the relocation of biochemical resources. Although protein degradation has ...
Multiple Sequence Alignment
... Discouraging too many gaps • If there is no gap opened, then the GOP is increased if the position is within 8 residues of an existing gap. • This discourages gaps that are too close together. • At any position within a run of hydrophilic residues, the GOP is decreased. • These runs usually indicate ...
... Discouraging too many gaps • If there is no gap opened, then the GOP is increased if the position is within 8 residues of an existing gap. • This discourages gaps that are too close together. • At any position within a run of hydrophilic residues, the GOP is decreased. • These runs usually indicate ...
A Histone H3.3-like Gene Specifically Expressed in the Vegetative
... microspore mitosis, the generative cell was located at one pole (Fig. 4f). The YAH3 hybridization signal was detected in the pole (Fig. 4a). When a hybridized section was stained for DNA with methyl green, the signal surrounded the GN (Fig. 4k). The generative cell seemed to be pressed against the p ...
... microspore mitosis, the generative cell was located at one pole (Fig. 4f). The YAH3 hybridization signal was detected in the pole (Fig. 4a). When a hybridized section was stained for DNA with methyl green, the signal surrounded the GN (Fig. 4k). The generative cell seemed to be pressed against the p ...
Cloning and analysis of the mobile element gypsy from D. virilis
... The percent of the identity of the amino acid sequences of different genes cloned from D. melanogaster and D. virilis vary from 60% to more than 80% (16-23). Our finding of the active gypsy element in D. virilis with the degree of amino acid identity comparable to that of the 'usual' genes suggests ...
... The percent of the identity of the amino acid sequences of different genes cloned from D. melanogaster and D. virilis vary from 60% to more than 80% (16-23). Our finding of the active gypsy element in D. virilis with the degree of amino acid identity comparable to that of the 'usual' genes suggests ...
The stability and nuclear localization of the transcription factor RAP2
... proteins and lipids is reduced (Geigenberger 2003). Moreover, energy-saving pathways are favoured over those that are more expensive in terms of ATP (Bologa et al. 2003). When oxygen becomes limiting for oxidative phosphorylation, ATP production relies on fermentative metabolism. Its activation coin ...
... proteins and lipids is reduced (Geigenberger 2003). Moreover, energy-saving pathways are favoured over those that are more expensive in terms of ATP (Bologa et al. 2003). When oxygen becomes limiting for oxidative phosphorylation, ATP production relies on fermentative metabolism. Its activation coin ...
Thermodynamic prediction of protein neutrality
... he ability to predict a protein’s tolerance to amino acid substitutions is of fundamental importance in understanding natural protein evolution, developing protein engineering strategies, and understanding the basis of genetic diseases. Computational and experimental studies have demonstrated that b ...
... he ability to predict a protein’s tolerance to amino acid substitutions is of fundamental importance in understanding natural protein evolution, developing protein engineering strategies, and understanding the basis of genetic diseases. Computational and experimental studies have demonstrated that b ...
Genome-wide transcription profiling of aerobic and anaerobic
... the overall normalized gene expression pattern indicated by Z-score analysis. A comprehensive list of absolute and differential gene expression for all genes included in this figure is provided in Table S1. ...
... the overall normalized gene expression pattern indicated by Z-score analysis. A comprehensive list of absolute and differential gene expression for all genes included in this figure is provided in Table S1. ...
An hierarchical artificial neural network system for the classification
... Recently, we have published the PRED-TMR method in an attempt to improve the fine localization of transmembrane segments, by coupling a hydrophobicity analysis with a detection of potential termini (starts and ends) of transmembrane regions (Pasquier et al., 1999). Now we have extended this applicat ...
... Recently, we have published the PRED-TMR method in an attempt to improve the fine localization of transmembrane segments, by coupling a hydrophobicity analysis with a detection of potential termini (starts and ends) of transmembrane regions (Pasquier et al., 1999). Now we have extended this applicat ...
Sense and Nonsense in the Genetic Code
... amino acid residues of a peptide chain, a gap will appear in the chain and cause prematuretermination of chain growth. Nonsense triplets do not normally occur within the coding regions of messenger RNA, but they can be generated from certain codons by mutation. The resulting mutants are called nonse ...
... amino acid residues of a peptide chain, a gap will appear in the chain and cause prematuretermination of chain growth. Nonsense triplets do not normally occur within the coding regions of messenger RNA, but they can be generated from certain codons by mutation. The resulting mutants are called nonse ...
Supplemental Methods and Figure Legends
... the QuikChange Multi system (Stratagene). P. angusta H3 and H4 each differ from the respective S. cerevisiae proteins at three amino acid positions. The H3 replacements are S32A, A111C, and K126Q. H4 replacements are G49A, S65N, and S70A. Mutagenic primers were designed using Stratagene’s online Qui ...
... the QuikChange Multi system (Stratagene). P. angusta H3 and H4 each differ from the respective S. cerevisiae proteins at three amino acid positions. The H3 replacements are S32A, A111C, and K126Q. H4 replacements are G49A, S65N, and S70A. Mutagenic primers were designed using Stratagene’s online Qui ...
Genes and Enzymes in Man
... cannot be expected per se to provide us with any clear picture of determined variation among what may be regarded as normal people. When my colleagues and I started on this line of work how extensively genetically determined enzyme variation which just over 3 years ago the information available abou ...
... cannot be expected per se to provide us with any clear picture of determined variation among what may be regarded as normal people. When my colleagues and I started on this line of work how extensively genetically determined enzyme variation which just over 3 years ago the information available abou ...
Anaerobic protists and hidden mitochondria
... often lack mitochondria and have in several instances mitochondrial remnant organelles. Linked to the lack of recognizable mitochondria is the fact that many of the representatives in these groups live under low-oxygen conditions. In compiling this issue, we have concentrated on bringing together a ...
... often lack mitochondria and have in several instances mitochondrial remnant organelles. Linked to the lack of recognizable mitochondria is the fact that many of the representatives in these groups live under low-oxygen conditions. In compiling this issue, we have concentrated on bringing together a ...
Table 3S
... operon encodes the enzyme for synthesis of citrulline which is converted to Arg by the products of the argGH genes (Belitsky, 2002). The yqiXYZ operon encodes a high affinity Arg transport system (Sekowska et al., 2001).The cysH operon together with cysK encodes enzymes for the synthesis of Cys fro ...
... operon encodes the enzyme for synthesis of citrulline which is converted to Arg by the products of the argGH genes (Belitsky, 2002). The yqiXYZ operon encodes a high affinity Arg transport system (Sekowska et al., 2001).The cysH operon together with cysK encodes enzymes for the synthesis of Cys fro ...
Lesson 56. Antigens
... Isoantigens are antigens found in some but not all members of a species. The species may be grouped depending on the presence of different isoantigens in its members 56.4.8 Autospecificity Autologous or self antigens are ordinarily nonantigenic but there are exceptions. Sequestrated antigens that ar ...
... Isoantigens are antigens found in some but not all members of a species. The species may be grouped depending on the presence of different isoantigens in its members 56.4.8 Autospecificity Autologous or self antigens are ordinarily nonantigenic but there are exceptions. Sequestrated antigens that ar ...
Mass spectrometry and the search for moonlighting proteins
... quite dramatically during evolution, with the addition or subtraction of entire helices, loop regions, and pockets. Because those surface features are all potential sites for a novel protein/ protein interaction function to evolve, it is quite possible that the random accumulation of mutations on PG ...
... quite dramatically during evolution, with the addition or subtraction of entire helices, loop regions, and pockets. Because those surface features are all potential sites for a novel protein/ protein interaction function to evolve, it is quite possible that the random accumulation of mutations on PG ...
Over-expression of a putative poplar glycosyltransferase gene
... larger in poplar than in Arabidopsis, perhaps due to additional specialized functions in processes such as wood formation, dormancy, and longevity. The functions of several individual poplar glycosyltransferase genes have also been characterized. For example, Zhou et al. (2007) cloned two poplar gly ...
... larger in poplar than in Arabidopsis, perhaps due to additional specialized functions in processes such as wood formation, dormancy, and longevity. The functions of several individual poplar glycosyltransferase genes have also been characterized. For example, Zhou et al. (2007) cloned two poplar gly ...
Identification and expression of the first nonmammalian amyloid‐β
... physiological roles of APP, APLP1 and APLP2 still remain elusive. APP has been implicated in cell–cell adhesion [32], neurite outgrowth [33] and kinesin-mediated vesicular transport [34] or may function as a heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein [35]. Furthermore, following its translocation to ...
... physiological roles of APP, APLP1 and APLP2 still remain elusive. APP has been implicated in cell–cell adhesion [32], neurite outgrowth [33] and kinesin-mediated vesicular transport [34] or may function as a heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein [35]. Furthermore, following its translocation to ...
Ashley, CT, Wilkinson, KD, Reines, D and Warren, ST: FMR1 protein: Conserved RNP family domains and selective RNA binding. Science 262:563-566 (1993).
... Claude T. Ashley Jr., Keith D. Wilkinson, Daniel Reines, Stephen T. Warren* Fragile X syndrome is the result of transcriptional suppression of the gene FMR1 as a result of a trinucleotide repeat expansion mutation. The normal function of the FMR1 protein (FMRP) and the mechanism by which its absence ...
... Claude T. Ashley Jr., Keith D. Wilkinson, Daniel Reines, Stephen T. Warren* Fragile X syndrome is the result of transcriptional suppression of the gene FMR1 as a result of a trinucleotide repeat expansion mutation. The normal function of the FMR1 protein (FMRP) and the mechanism by which its absence ...
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.