Achromatopsia caused by novel mutations in both CNGA3 and
... For consistency with previous studies, the numbering of the CNGA3 sequence excludes the 55 amino acids (165 nucleotides) encoded by exon 2b, reported recently.5 Nine different mutations of CNGA3 were found that would appear to be disease associated. Of these, five are new mutations that have not pre ...
... For consistency with previous studies, the numbering of the CNGA3 sequence excludes the 55 amino acids (165 nucleotides) encoded by exon 2b, reported recently.5 Nine different mutations of CNGA3 were found that would appear to be disease associated. Of these, five are new mutations that have not pre ...
Function The Structure of Avian CD5 Implies a Conserved
... (330 residues), transmembrane (29 residues), and cytoplasmic domains (93 residues), which were identified by hydrophobicity plot analysis and sequence comparison (Fig. 2A) (data not shown). The leader peptide cleavage site was predicted by the rules of von Heijne (33) and sequence comparison. The ca ...
... (330 residues), transmembrane (29 residues), and cytoplasmic domains (93 residues), which were identified by hydrophobicity plot analysis and sequence comparison (Fig. 2A) (data not shown). The leader peptide cleavage site was predicted by the rules of von Heijne (33) and sequence comparison. The ca ...
Roles of phosphatidate phosphatase enzymes in lipid metabolism
... Figure 4. Model of the role of PAP1 in the transcriptional regulation of UASINOcontaining genes by inositol. (a) UASINO-containing genes (e.g. INO1) are maximally expressed (thick arrow) when wild-type yeast is grown in the absence of inositol. Expression of INO1 is dependent on interaction of the I ...
... Figure 4. Model of the role of PAP1 in the transcriptional regulation of UASINOcontaining genes by inositol. (a) UASINO-containing genes (e.g. INO1) are maximally expressed (thick arrow) when wild-type yeast is grown in the absence of inositol. Expression of INO1 is dependent on interaction of the I ...
Arabidopsis Contains Nine Long-Chain Acyl
... In oilseeds, carbon reserves are stored as triacylglycerol (TAG). With the onset of germination, lipases release free fatty acids from the TAG molecules (Hills and Beevers, 1986; Lin et al., 1986). LACS activates the free fatty acids to acyl-CoAs that enter the -oxidation pathway in the glyoxysomes ...
... In oilseeds, carbon reserves are stored as triacylglycerol (TAG). With the onset of germination, lipases release free fatty acids from the TAG molecules (Hills and Beevers, 1986; Lin et al., 1986). LACS activates the free fatty acids to acyl-CoAs that enter the -oxidation pathway in the glyoxysomes ...
Transcriptome analysis of the two unrelated fungal
... Penicillium chrysogenum, two taxonomically unrelated fungi. Both were subjects of long-term strain development programs to reach economically relevant antibiotic titers. It is so far unknown, whether equivalent changes in gene expression lead to elevated antibiotic titers in production strains. Resu ...
... Penicillium chrysogenum, two taxonomically unrelated fungi. Both were subjects of long-term strain development programs to reach economically relevant antibiotic titers. It is so far unknown, whether equivalent changes in gene expression lead to elevated antibiotic titers in production strains. Resu ...
Comparative transcriptomics reveals key gene expression
... Members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex show distinct host preferences, yet the molecular basis for this tropism is unknown. Comparison of the M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis genome sequences revealed no unique genes in the bovine pathogen per se, indicating that differences in gen ...
... Members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex show distinct host preferences, yet the molecular basis for this tropism is unknown. Comparison of the M. tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis genome sequences revealed no unique genes in the bovine pathogen per se, indicating that differences in gen ...
Infrared spectroscopic studies: from small molecules to large.
... control its binding to the target protein. With the help of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and a specially designed dialysis setup, a general method was developed to detect ligand binding events by observing IR absorbance changes in the hydration shell around the molecules. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was also use ...
... control its binding to the target protein. With the help of ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and a specially designed dialysis setup, a general method was developed to detect ligand binding events by observing IR absorbance changes in the hydration shell around the molecules. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was also use ...
Vitamins as Hormones
... Although retinol is assumed to enter the cells by non-receptormediated endocytosis [5], the exact mechanism of retinoidinduced membrane-associated signal transduction is still unknown. Intracellularly, atRA and 9cRA are transported by cytosolic proteins, bind to specific nuclear receptors, induce exp ...
... Although retinol is assumed to enter the cells by non-receptormediated endocytosis [5], the exact mechanism of retinoidinduced membrane-associated signal transduction is still unknown. Intracellularly, atRA and 9cRA are transported by cytosolic proteins, bind to specific nuclear receptors, induce exp ...
Supplemental Materials
... they have the mutated hemoglobin gene in their genetic heritage. But why? There is a disease called malaria that is caused by a parasite that infects red blood cells. Malaria is a major killer of people in tropical regions like Africa. When the red blood cells are sickled, they are destroyed along w ...
... they have the mutated hemoglobin gene in their genetic heritage. But why? There is a disease called malaria that is caused by a parasite that infects red blood cells. Malaria is a major killer of people in tropical regions like Africa. When the red blood cells are sickled, they are destroyed along w ...
Self-Interaction of the Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
... involved in multimerization. Mutant protein R9DS13 was resolved as a 35-kDa species, but the level of expression, measured both by immunoprecipitation with polyclonal antibody and by Western blot analysis (data not shown), was extremely low compared to the wild-type protein and to the other mutant p ...
... involved in multimerization. Mutant protein R9DS13 was resolved as a 35-kDa species, but the level of expression, measured both by immunoprecipitation with polyclonal antibody and by Western blot analysis (data not shown), was extremely low compared to the wild-type protein and to the other mutant p ...
Biology 103 Lecture and Biology 103A Lab Objectives
... formation of some ATP origin and fate of: citric acid (C6) reason for calling this a cycle location Note: oxygen is not used in the citric acid cycle 9. Trace the transfer of hydrogen or hydrogen electrons (from NADH2) through the electron transport system in aerobic cellular respiration. Know this ...
... formation of some ATP origin and fate of: citric acid (C6) reason for calling this a cycle location Note: oxygen is not used in the citric acid cycle 9. Trace the transfer of hydrogen or hydrogen electrons (from NADH2) through the electron transport system in aerobic cellular respiration. Know this ...
Bioinformatics Toolbox
... mathematics, graphics, and statistics. Open environment — Access the source code for the Bioinformatics Toolbox functions. The toolbox includes many of the basic bioinformatics functions you will need to use, and it includes prototypes for some of the more advanced functions. Modify these functions ...
... mathematics, graphics, and statistics. Open environment — Access the source code for the Bioinformatics Toolbox functions. The toolbox includes many of the basic bioinformatics functions you will need to use, and it includes prototypes for some of the more advanced functions. Modify these functions ...
Analysis of a Controlling-Element Mutation at the Adh Locus of Maize
... such qustions, we have selected for controlling-element mutations at the Adh locus, which specifies alcohol dehydrogenase, an enzyme readily amenable to biochemical analyses and characterization (SCHWARTZ 1971, 1973). This paper deals with the analysis of one such Adh mutation. It is stable in the a ...
... such qustions, we have selected for controlling-element mutations at the Adh locus, which specifies alcohol dehydrogenase, an enzyme readily amenable to biochemical analyses and characterization (SCHWARTZ 1971, 1973). This paper deals with the analysis of one such Adh mutation. It is stable in the a ...
Large-scale identification of cytosolic mouse brain proteins by
... parameters, and matching each protein with its gene [4]. Ultimately, proteomics was recognized as one of the main directions of science in the postgenome era and protein expression in all mammalian organs/cells will be mapped. For this purpose the current analytical technologies and methods will hav ...
... parameters, and matching each protein with its gene [4]. Ultimately, proteomics was recognized as one of the main directions of science in the postgenome era and protein expression in all mammalian organs/cells will be mapped. For this purpose the current analytical technologies and methods will hav ...
TCA Cycle Defects and Cancer: When Metabolism Tunes Redox State
... of succinate in SDH-deficient cells causes the inhibition of prolyl 4-hydroxylases (PHDs), a negative regulators of the stability of the α subunit of HIF [36]. The PHDs are members of the superfamily of α-KG-dependent hydroxylases, which couple the hydroxylation of the substrates with the oxidation ...
... of succinate in SDH-deficient cells causes the inhibition of prolyl 4-hydroxylases (PHDs), a negative regulators of the stability of the α subunit of HIF [36]. The PHDs are members of the superfamily of α-KG-dependent hydroxylases, which couple the hydroxylation of the substrates with the oxidation ...
144803525 - BORA
... Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts of life. The biochemical reactions that occur up to the rate at which biological processes takes place in living organisms are regulated by enzymes. The first enzyme to be discovered was “diastase”, now known as “amylase”, by Payen & Persoz in 1833 [1] ...
... Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts of life. The biochemical reactions that occur up to the rate at which biological processes takes place in living organisms are regulated by enzymes. The first enzyme to be discovered was “diastase”, now known as “amylase”, by Payen & Persoz in 1833 [1] ...
Phylogeny of Firmicutes with special reference to Mycoplasma
... Staphylococcus, Listeria and Lactobacillus (clustering within Bacilli II) and the spore-forming genera Geobacillus and Bacillus (Bacilli I) are well-supported as being monophyletic (Fig. 1). The genus Mycoplasma appeared to be paraphyletic (because of Ureaplasma and Spiroplasma) and Clostridium is a ...
... Staphylococcus, Listeria and Lactobacillus (clustering within Bacilli II) and the spore-forming genera Geobacillus and Bacillus (Bacilli I) are well-supported as being monophyletic (Fig. 1). The genus Mycoplasma appeared to be paraphyletic (because of Ureaplasma and Spiroplasma) and Clostridium is a ...
Isolation, cloning and sequence analysis of the lactate
... tropical theileriosis and genomic DNA was extracted following the confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. For the first time, in this study, the lactate dehydrogenase sequence was isolated from from a Theileria species. Following extraction from genomic DNA by PCR the sequence was cloned into the ve ...
... tropical theileriosis and genomic DNA was extracted following the confirmation of the clinical diagnosis. For the first time, in this study, the lactate dehydrogenase sequence was isolated from from a Theileria species. Following extraction from genomic DNA by PCR the sequence was cloned into the ve ...
Human dentin phosphophoryn nucleotide and amino acid sequence
... calcium and collagen, and are believed to function in dentin mineralization. Whereas DSP and DPP are the products of a single gene in mouse and rat, an analogous human gene has not been described. Using RT-PCR based cloning strategies, we have cloned human DPP cDNA from immature molar root total RNA ...
... calcium and collagen, and are believed to function in dentin mineralization. Whereas DSP and DPP are the products of a single gene in mouse and rat, an analogous human gene has not been described. Using RT-PCR based cloning strategies, we have cloned human DPP cDNA from immature molar root total RNA ...
Co-opting sulphur-carrier proteins from primary metabolic pathways
... with an increase in AMP production (Fig. 2h, traces 3 and 4). The product peak was isolated and characterized as 2-thioglucose-6-phosphatebimane (11) by ESI–MS and NMR spectroscopy (Supplementary Methods). Each assay sample was also treated with alkaline phosphatase, and the dephosphorylated product ...
... with an increase in AMP production (Fig. 2h, traces 3 and 4). The product peak was isolated and characterized as 2-thioglucose-6-phosphatebimane (11) by ESI–MS and NMR spectroscopy (Supplementary Methods). Each assay sample was also treated with alkaline phosphatase, and the dephosphorylated product ...
Protein Folding and Expression
... protein in secreted form. This system allows high yield of active proteins and is wellsuited for expression of eukaryotic proteins. The Brevibacillus system is nearly free of proteases, which facilitates production of intact protein products. Examples of successfully expressed proteins can be seen i ...
... protein in secreted form. This system allows high yield of active proteins and is wellsuited for expression of eukaryotic proteins. The Brevibacillus system is nearly free of proteases, which facilitates production of intact protein products. Examples of successfully expressed proteins can be seen i ...
Norovirus Infectious Agent Information Sheet
... Norovirus is highly infectious due to low infecting dose, high excretion level (105 to 107 copies/mg stool), and continual shedding after clinical recovery (>1 month). The norovirus genome undergoes frequent change due to mutation and recombination, which increases its prevalence. Studies suggest th ...
... Norovirus is highly infectious due to low infecting dose, high excretion level (105 to 107 copies/mg stool), and continual shedding after clinical recovery (>1 month). The norovirus genome undergoes frequent change due to mutation and recombination, which increases its prevalence. Studies suggest th ...
Full Paper Sample - 7th International Crop Science Congress
... altered AVR-Pita1 alleles [27]. Additionally, it was demonstrated that avirulent isolates on Pi-ta could become virulent on the same cultivars after a single round of inoculation and selection [28]. It is unknown whether AVR-Pita1 from O-137 can induce avirulence in virulent isolates found in commer ...
... altered AVR-Pita1 alleles [27]. Additionally, it was demonstrated that avirulent isolates on Pi-ta could become virulent on the same cultivars after a single round of inoculation and selection [28]. It is unknown whether AVR-Pita1 from O-137 can induce avirulence in virulent isolates found in commer ...
Biosynthesis of estradiol. Cloning and characterization of rodent
... Estrogens, female sex steroid hormones, not only affect reproduction but also participate in a large number of different functions outside the female reproductive system, such as bone and lipid metabolism and functions in the cardiovascular system. Estrogen action is transmitted through two nuclear ...
... Estrogens, female sex steroid hormones, not only affect reproduction but also participate in a large number of different functions outside the female reproductive system, such as bone and lipid metabolism and functions in the cardiovascular system. Estrogen action is transmitted through two nuclear ...
Biotechnology for Biofuels
... markers, and a large number of colonies often need to be screened to identify a mutant [23]. The intron-based gene knockout system used to construct these mutations was especially advantageous for the manipulation of these obligately anaerobic clostridia. The lack of a selectable marker in the intro ...
... markers, and a large number of colonies often need to be screened to identify a mutant [23]. The intron-based gene knockout system used to construct these mutations was especially advantageous for the manipulation of these obligately anaerobic clostridia. The lack of a selectable marker in the intro ...
Endogenous retrovirus
Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.