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METABOLIC ADAPTATION OF CANDIDA
METABOLIC ADAPTATION OF CANDIDA

... candidiasis. The major characteristic of biofilms which differentiates it from planktonic cells is its high tolerance to treatments and the immune system. Sessile growths have been reported to be several folds resistant to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of free floating cells drug treatm ...
Evolutionary Patterns in the Sequence and Structure of
Evolutionary Patterns in the Sequence and Structure of

... tRNA adaptors and establish a genetic code that translates nucleic acid into protein information in the cell. The structural make-up of tRNA is therefore fundamental to our understanding of how the biosynthetic machinery was set up into place in an emerging protein and organismal world. tRNAs are cl ...
Effect of Six Decades of Selective Breeding on
Effect of Six Decades of Selective Breeding on

... of certain amino acids such as methionine, cysteine, threonine, tryptophan, isoleucine, valine, and arginine would obviate the use of expensive synthetics necessary to build complete rations for growing swine and poultry (32, 33). To determine whether changes in the relative content of amino acids h ...
Metabolomics based gene function annotation in Escherichia coli
Metabolomics based gene function annotation in Escherichia coli

... Methanosarcina acetivorans cultures was investigated. In this study metabolomics studies were able to detect metabolic changes that were associated with the presents or absence of ...
A2 Biology Revision Tips
A2 Biology Revision Tips

... • By looking at the relative ratios of O16 & O18 isotopes in the ice in ice cores, one can estimate global temperature (the cooler it is, the less likely O18 is to evaporate, so the ratio of O18:O16 in the ice is proportional to temp). Overall the data show a close correlation between PCO2 and globa ...
Time-Resolved Transcriptome Analysis of Bacillus subtilis
Time-Resolved Transcriptome Analysis of Bacillus subtilis

... amino acids and oligopeptides and constitutes a rich nitrogen source, were used. The products of CAA-regulated genes are involved in various metabolic pathways, including nitrogen metabolism [16,17], the development of competence [18], and chemotaxis [19]. The CodY protein has been found to play a k ...
Primary Sequence of Ovomucoid Messenger RNA as Determined
Primary Sequence of Ovomucoid Messenger RNA as Determined

... were independently sequenced within other restriction fragments to eliminate this possibility. The sequence of the translated region (54-686) was further checked by comparison with the amino acid sequence (17, 34). The 5' noncoding region was sequenced mainly on one strand from unambiguous gel patte ...
REVIEWS
REVIEWS

... the natural environment, however, nutrients are often present in extremely dilute concentrations (for example, in the sea), inaccessible because of the paucity of water (for example, in the desert) or only transiently available (for example, in soil or the mammalian oral cavity and gastrointestinal ...
Metabolomic and Gene Expression Profiles Exhibit Modular Genetic
Metabolomic and Gene Expression Profiles Exhibit Modular Genetic

... factors to the mechanism of a complex human disease such as MetS is daunting because of the expense of procuring the enormous sample sizes necessary to make statistically valid conclusions, particularly in the face of tremendous genetic and lifestyle variation. However, it is becoming increasingly e ...
Cold-Shock Response in Microorganisms
Cold-Shock Response in Microorganisms

... expression of heat shock and other genes? Trends in Biochemical Sciences 23, 369–374. [This is an overview of membrane adaptation with discussion of desaturases from B. subtilis and cyanobacteria.] Weber M.H.W., Klein W., Muller L., Niess U.M., and Marahiel M.A. (2001). Role of the Bacillus subtilis ...
Localization of Protein-Protein lnteractions between Subunits of
Localization of Protein-Protein lnteractions between Subunits of

... In reporting the results from our in vivo assay, we have defined a new constant, relative repression (Rr), which is a unitless value representing the relative ability of each fusion to repress p-galactosidase production. This value is derived by dividing the concentration of IPTG yielding half-maxim ...
Localization of Protein-Protein lnteractions between Subunits of
Localization of Protein-Protein lnteractions between Subunits of

... In reporting the results from our in vivo assay, we have defined a new constant, relative repression (Rr), which is a unitless value representing the relative ability of each fusion to repress p-galactosidase production. This value is derived by dividing the concentration of IPTG yielding half-maxim ...
Chromium Incorporated in RNA and DNA
Chromium Incorporated in RNA and DNA

... number of Cr atoms bound to DNA molecules were significantly greater than bound to RNA and was 5.12 ð 0.30/1000 and 1.80 ð 0.11/1000 nucleotides for 10 µm potassium dichromate or chromium chloride and 7.74 ð 0.44/1000 nucleotides and 3.70 ð 0.25 for 100 µm respectively. Under the same conditions to ...
EXPRESSION OF EQUIVALENT CLONOTYPES IN BALB/c
EXPRESSION OF EQUIVALENT CLONOTYPES IN BALB/c

... paper are those detected within these limitations and must be regarded as the major sequences in the response while not excluding the possibility of other structures at undetectable levels. For experiments involving induced antibodies, such as these, TLC is used in our laboratory only qualitatively ...
Primary Sequence of Ovomucoid Messenger RNA
Primary Sequence of Ovomucoid Messenger RNA

... The synthesis of ovomucoid and ovalbumin is regulated by steroid hormones in the chick oviduct (16, 26) . The genes that code for these two proteins offer an attractive model system for the study of coordinate expression of unlinked genes in a steroid-hormone target tissue. We have previously report ...
2013_BJ_SCFBio_Website
2013_BJ_SCFBio_Website

... http://www.riethoven.org/BioInformer/newsletter/archives/2/procrustes.html ...
Classification and domain analysis of protein
Classification and domain analysis of protein

... discussed in several studies4,5. In addition to this, comparison of human and chimpanzee genomes has been done to discover the genetic basis of the anatomical, functional, habitable and genetic level variations among them6–13. In case of a particular regulatory organization of other hominid genomes ...
Archaea
Archaea

...  Hyperthermophilic Archaea and Bacteria are found on the deepest, shortest branches of the phylogenetic tree  The oxidation of H2 is common to many hyperthermophiles and may have been the first energyyielding metabolism ...
Sequence analysis of the Marburg virus nucleoprotein gene
Sequence analysis of the Marburg virus nucleoprotein gene

... Fig. 2. Specificity of cDNA clones, MBG mRNAs and sequencing of the 5' end of the MBG NP mRNA. (a) Northern blot hybridization of 32P-labelled probes (nick translation) generated from eDNA clones MV-88 and MV-17 (see Fig. 1) to lanes of RNA resolved by electrophoresisin an acid-urea-agarose (1-5~) g ...
The Antiallergic Mast Cell Stabilizers Lodoxamide and Bufrolin as
The Antiallergic Mast Cell Stabilizers Lodoxamide and Bufrolin as

... signals obtained using GPR35b were substantially lower than when using GPR35a. ...
ppt - eweb.furman.edu
ppt - eweb.furman.edu

... OF LIFE, and the evidence to date: 1. Spontaneous synthesis of biomolecules - strong evidence; MillerUrey experiments. 2. Polymerization of monomers into polymers (proteins, RNA, sugars, fats, etc.) - strong evidence; Fox and Cairns-Smith experiments. 3. Formation of membranes - strong evidence; beh ...
GFP-labelled Rubisco and aspartate aminotransferase are present
GFP-labelled Rubisco and aspartate aminotransferase are present

... at its 5¢ end. The reverse primer included sequences encoding a ®ve amino acid linker (GSGGG) at its 3¢ end to promote proper folding and activity of ASP5 and GFP (Chandler et al., 1998). mGFP5(S65T) was ampli®ed by PCR using a forward primer that overlapped the ASP5 fragment and a reverse primer wi ...
Characterization of somatic antigens of adult
Characterization of somatic antigens of adult

... org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited. ...
The Antiallergic Mast Cell Stabilizers Lodoxamide and Bufrolin as
The Antiallergic Mast Cell Stabilizers Lodoxamide and Bufrolin as

... signals obtained using GPR35b were substantially lower than when using GPR35a. ...
Lactic acid bacteria as a cell factory: rerouting of carbon metabolism
Lactic acid bacteria as a cell factory: rerouting of carbon metabolism

... generate a rational approach for these strategies, it is essential to understand the pathways that are manipulated, their fluxes, control factors, and the genes involved. Knowledge of the traditional pathways recognized in LAB and the characterization of new ones, in combination with physiological s ...
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Endogenous retrovirus



Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are endogenous viral elements in the genome that closely resemble and can be derived from retroviruses. They are abundant in the genomes of jawed vertebrates, and they comprise up to 5–8% of the human genome (lower estimates of ~1%). ERVs are a subclass of a type of gene called a transposon, which can be packaged and moved within the genome to serve a vital role in gene expression and in regulation. Researchers have suggested that retroviruses evolved from a type of transposable gene called a retrotransposon, which includes ERVs; these genes can mutate and instead of moving to another location in the genome they can become exogenous or pathogenic. This means that all ERVs may not have originated as an insertion by a retrovirus but that some may have been the source for the genetic information in the retroviruses they resemble.
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