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The aconitase of Escherichia cok purification of the
The aconitase of Escherichia cok purification of the

... carried out according to Southern (1975) and 1 plaques and colonies containing pGS447 and pGS448 were transferred and fixed to nitrocellulose as described by Maniatis et al. (1982). A transfer procedure which avoids depurination (Meinkoth & Wahl, 1984) was used with the oligonucleotide probes. The c ...
TAP Express® Kit
TAP Express® Kit

... We congratulate you on your purchase of this exclusive, high-performance product. With this kit, you will be able to transform any gene-of-interest into a transcriptionally active PCR (TAP) fragment that is ready for direct introduction into cells or animals. Because of its simplicity and speed, the ...
That have been aligned so that homologous residues are arranged
That have been aligned so that homologous residues are arranged

... ClustalW uses a series of four matrixes chosen from either the BLOSUM or PAM series. GPs are lowered in runs of hydrophilic residues (likely loops) or at positions where there are already many gaps. They are also lowered near some residues, such as Glycine, which are empirically known to be common n ...
- Wiley Online Library
- Wiley Online Library

... some heterotrophic algae and lost in others. Although the presence of a carotenoid biosynthetic pathway is considered quite rare among well-studied nonphotosynthetic species, new data from diverse lineages are showing that it is not as rare as once thought. For instance, the nonphotosynthetic apicom ...
Stringent Response in Myxococcus xanthus
Stringent Response in Myxococcus xanthus

... Accumulation of (p)ppGpp Accumulate (p)ppGpp ??Starve for aa Fruiting bodies Is this a causal relationship? Is there a connection between initiation of fruiting body development and (p)ppGpp accumulation? ...
The promiscuous primase
The promiscuous primase

... particular, the arrangement of metal coordinating acidic residues shows tight conservation within a region of b sheet. Both ORF904 and Pyrococcus enzymes have zinc-binding structural elements adjacent to the active centre of the enzyme. Surprisingly, however, these motifs are found in unrelated posi ...
University of Groningen Stress responses and sugar metabolism in
University of Groningen Stress responses and sugar metabolism in

... In  addition  to  these  phosphoproteins  also  low  molecular  weight  molecules  such  as  NADP,  glucose‐6‐phosphate  (G6P)  and  fructose‐1,6‐bisphosphate  (FBP)  can  modulate  either  DNA‐ binding  properties  or  the  interaction  with  the  transcriptional  machinery  of  the  CcpA‐(HPr‐ Ser ...
A Metabolic Node in Action: Chorismate
A Metabolic Node in Action: Chorismate

... 256 amino acid polypeptide of 29.7 kDa. In contrast to some other genes involved in aromatic amino acid synthesis, the ARO7 gene is not regulated at the transcriptional level. It is not derepressed by the general amino acid control system, as no consensus for the GCN4 activator protein binding site ...
Cloning and sequence analysis of cnaA gene encoding the catalytic
Cloning and sequence analysis of cnaA gene encoding the catalytic

... remaining C-terminal region residues from 454 to 478 could be a part of the auto-inhibitory domain which is cleaved upon calmodulin binding and subsequent activation of cnaA [16]. It may also be observed that the carboxy-terminal domain shows lower sequence homology overall. In addition, the 5P and ...
שקופית 1 - Tel Aviv University
שקופית 1 - Tel Aviv University

... blastn – nuc vs. nuc blastp – prot vs. prot blastx – translated query vs. protein database tblastn – protein vs. translated nuc. DB tblastx – translated query vs. translated database ...
Metabolic decision making by protein-metabolite - ETH E
Metabolic decision making by protein-metabolite - ETH E

... transcriptional  regulation  sets  each  promoter’s  maximal  capacity  in  a  largely  growth‐dependent  manner. Specific regulation then decides how much of this capacity is being used based on the current  demand for the pathway’s end product.  In  chapter  4,  we  expand  our  analysis  to  quan ...
Regulation of Elovl and fatty acid metabolism
Regulation of Elovl and fatty acid metabolism

... Fatty acids taken up from the diet as well as a significant amount of the fatty acids produced by FAS, undergo further elongation into long chain fatty acids (LCFA > C18) and very long chain fatty acids (VLCFA > C20). As early as in the nineteen sixties, Nugteren made significant advances in the rat ...
Small aminoacyl transfer centers at GU within a larger RNA
Small aminoacyl transfer centers at GU within a larger RNA

... Separate aminoacyl transfer centers related to the small …GUNNN..: NNNU ribozyme seem possible at the frequent GU sequences dispersed throughout an RNA tertiary structure. In fact, such activity is easily detected and varies more than 2 orders in rate, probably being faster at sites with less struct ...
Threading-based Protein Structure Prediction
Threading-based Protein Structure Prediction

... • In Eukaryotes, DNA locates within the nucleus ...
tutorial - ppuigbo
tutorial - ppuigbo

... a) Calculation of parameters. This initial option provides basic calculations such as nucleotide composition, codon usage, codon usage per thousand and relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) (see section A of this guide). b) CAI calculation for FASTA sequences. This section has two options: 1) CAI c ...
Preparing and Analyzing Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) Library
Preparing and Analyzing Expressed Sequence Tags (ESTs) Library

... and postnatal ESTs, respectively. According to the statistical results of PANTHER of high similarity prenatal and postnatal ESTs, 137 and 127 different putative genes were listed and classified, respectively, by GO terms. 39 prenatal ESTs and 37 postnatal EST were uncategorized. 9 different types of ...
NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS
NUCLEOTIDES AND NUCLEIC ACIDS

... both DNA and RNA are hydrophilic. The hydroxyl groups of the sugar residues form hydrogen bonds with water. The phosphate groups, with a pKa near 0, are completely ionized and negatively charged at pH 7, and the negative charges are generally neutralized by ionic interactions with positive charges o ...
A new polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length
A new polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length

... hand, serological approaches had shown higher levels of positivity for antibodies against the 3 variants in Brazilian endemic and nonendemic areas (Arruda et al., 1996; Oliveira-Ferreira et al., 2004). VK247 variant was mainly found as a single infection in West Africa and the Indian subcontinent. I ...
SPLIT RNA Extraction Kit: Pure Fractions for Demanding Applications
SPLIT RNA Extraction Kit: Pure Fractions for Demanding Applications

... extracted RNA. Other methods designed to control gDNA contamination mostly rely on enzymatic removal, whereby the application itself (especially on-column DNase digestion) or the enzyme inactivation (e.g., by heat denaturation) can severely compromise RNA integrity. Similarly, size-filtration based ...
EPICENTRE Enzyme Catalog
EPICENTRE Enzyme Catalog

... b Values represent half-lives: 50% of the enzymatic activity is retained after the given time at the stated temperature. c Defined as the average number of correct nucleotides a polymerase incorporates before making an error. ...
Plasmid replication and control
Plasmid replication and control

... the bacterial life cycle but plasmids frequently encode functions that give the bacteria a selective advantage in certain environments, the most infamous example being the class of genes which encode antibiotic resistance. The fact that plasmids can confer resistance to antibiotics and that horizont ...
biology - Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1 Kanchrapara
biology - Kendriya Vidyalaya No.1 Kanchrapara

... 9. Differentiate between incomplete dominance and codominance. 10. Give any two similarities between the behavior of gene during inheritance and of chromosomes during cell division. 11. Explain:i) Turners Syndrome ii) Kleinfelter’s Syndrome iii) Trisomy of 21st chromosome. ...
Database search and pairwise alignments
Database search and pairwise alignments

... Dayhoff et al., on the basis of a study on molecular phylogeny involving 71 protein families PAM matrices were developed by examining mutations within superfamilies of closely related proteins, also noting how observed substitutions did not happen at random Some amino acid substitutions occur more f ...
Global MicroRNA Amplification Kit
Global MicroRNA Amplification Kit

... preamplification of small RNAs for either qRT-PCR or miRNA microarray studies. There are estimated to be hundreds of distinct miRNAs in mammalian cells, not including the many other small noncoding RNAs. Because it is clear that a specific miRNA can influence the gene expression level of multiple ge ...
Annex 1
Annex 1

... subsequently to the application, which gives a detailed disclosure of the nucleotide and/or amino acid sequences and other available information; (ii) sequences which are included are any unbranched sequences of four or more amino acids or unbranched sequences of ten or more nucleotides. Branched se ...
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Promoter (genetics)



In genetics, a promoter is a region of DNA that initiates transcription of a particular gene. Promoters are located near the transcription start sites of genes, on the same strand and upstream on the DNA (towards the 5' region of the sense strand).Promoters can be about 100–1000 base pairs long.
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