Protocol
... means RNA that is not degraded and is free from DNA contamination. The Stratagene kit uses a spin column packed with a silica-based matrix that specifically binds RNA in the presence of the chaotropic salt guanidine thiocyanate. "Chaotropic" means chaos-forming, a term which in biochemistry, usually ...
... means RNA that is not degraded and is free from DNA contamination. The Stratagene kit uses a spin column packed with a silica-based matrix that specifically binds RNA in the presence of the chaotropic salt guanidine thiocyanate. "Chaotropic" means chaos-forming, a term which in biochemistry, usually ...
putative mineral-specific proteins synthesized by a
... minerals goethite (FeOOH) and diaspore (AlOOH) were used in the BFM experiments. These minerals were selected because they are isostructural and have very similar surface properties (for example, surface charge and hydrophobicity), but only goethite can be used as a terminal electron acceptor for re ...
... minerals goethite (FeOOH) and diaspore (AlOOH) were used in the BFM experiments. These minerals were selected because they are isostructural and have very similar surface properties (for example, surface charge and hydrophobicity), but only goethite can be used as a terminal electron acceptor for re ...
Ion homeostasis, channels, and transporters: an update on cellular
... depending on whether the pore is opened to the cis or trans compartment. This is accomplished in the Na⫹-K⫹-ATPase by conformational changes that reduce the association of Na⫹ ions with the permeability pore while increasing the affinity of the pore cavity for extracellular K⫹ ions. By thermodynamic ...
... depending on whether the pore is opened to the cis or trans compartment. This is accomplished in the Na⫹-K⫹-ATPase by conformational changes that reduce the association of Na⫹ ions with the permeability pore while increasing the affinity of the pore cavity for extracellular K⫹ ions. By thermodynamic ...
2 Nucleic Acids
... DNA is also known as the hereditary material or genetic information. It is found in genes, and its sequence of bases makes up a code. Between "starts" and "stops," the code carries instructions for the correct sequence of amino acids in a protein (see Figure 2.3). DNA and RNA have different function ...
... DNA is also known as the hereditary material or genetic information. It is found in genes, and its sequence of bases makes up a code. Between "starts" and "stops," the code carries instructions for the correct sequence of amino acids in a protein (see Figure 2.3). DNA and RNA have different function ...
mRNA Transport in Yeast: Time to Reinvestigate the
... RNAs (Forrester et al., 1992) and in chromosome segregation (Atkinson et al., 1985; Matsumoto and Beach, 1991) suggested that MTR1 might interact with RNA1 (Forrester et al., 1992; DeGregori et al., 1994). A link between RNAI and MTR1 via a small nuclear GTPase has now been established (see below). ...
... RNAs (Forrester et al., 1992) and in chromosome segregation (Atkinson et al., 1985; Matsumoto and Beach, 1991) suggested that MTR1 might interact with RNA1 (Forrester et al., 1992; DeGregori et al., 1994). A link between RNAI and MTR1 via a small nuclear GTPase has now been established (see below). ...
Protein-protein interaction networks (I): data preprocessing
... the overlap between 2 and 3 different methods. Each experiment was repeated several times with different parameter choices (for example, matrix model/spoke model; see [18] for a complete list). The various data sets are benchmarked against a reference set of 11,000 known interactions, which are deri ...
... the overlap between 2 and 3 different methods. Each experiment was repeated several times with different parameter choices (for example, matrix model/spoke model; see [18] for a complete list). The various data sets are benchmarked against a reference set of 11,000 known interactions, which are deri ...
Chapter 30: Protein Synthesis
... • Because more than one codon exists for most amino acids, variation in codon usage is possible • Might be due to the DNA of different organisms varies in relative A:T/G:C content • Even in organisms of average base composition, codon usage may be biased ...
... • Because more than one codon exists for most amino acids, variation in codon usage is possible • Might be due to the DNA of different organisms varies in relative A:T/G:C content • Even in organisms of average base composition, codon usage may be biased ...
Domain conservation in several volvocalean cell wall - UvA-DARE
... number of characterized H R G P s has increased, considerable variation has been found in the canonical repeats, and there has been a growing tendency to emphasize the novelty of these variants (e.g., monocot vs. dicot extensins). Recently, Kieliszewski and Lamport [25] suggested that we instead foc ...
... number of characterized H R G P s has increased, considerable variation has been found in the canonical repeats, and there has been a growing tendency to emphasize the novelty of these variants (e.g., monocot vs. dicot extensins). Recently, Kieliszewski and Lamport [25] suggested that we instead foc ...
slides
... initiation complex unwinds mRNA using eIF4 helicase Initiation complex stops at the start site AUG This recognition allows an irreversible GTP hydrolysis of ...
... initiation complex unwinds mRNA using eIF4 helicase Initiation complex stops at the start site AUG This recognition allows an irreversible GTP hydrolysis of ...
THE QUEST FOR A MESSAGE: BUDDING YEAST, A MODEL
... that hybridizes in the last exon to evidence the total amount of transcript [53]. The last probe enables to account for changes in transcription levels or RNA stability of a particular transcript. Armed with this tool, several laboratories have set out to study the global effect on splicing of a la ...
... that hybridizes in the last exon to evidence the total amount of transcript [53]. The last probe enables to account for changes in transcription levels or RNA stability of a particular transcript. Armed with this tool, several laboratories have set out to study the global effect on splicing of a la ...
Electrostatic Interactions in Wild
... ABSTRACT: Residue Val68 in human myoglobin has been replaced by Asn, Asp, and Glu with site-directed mutagenesis. Purified proteins were characterized by isoelectric focusing and by absorption, CD, and N M R spectroscopy. These studies demonstrated that Mb is able to tolerate substitution of the bur ...
... ABSTRACT: Residue Val68 in human myoglobin has been replaced by Asn, Asp, and Glu with site-directed mutagenesis. Purified proteins were characterized by isoelectric focusing and by absorption, CD, and N M R spectroscopy. These studies demonstrated that Mb is able to tolerate substitution of the bur ...
Bacteria Binding by DMBT1/SAG/gp-340 Is Confined to
... the macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR1), the Mac 2-binding protein (Mac-2bp), and MARCO. Both MSR1 and MARCO are known to interact with bacteria (6, 7). In contrast to MARCO (8), the SRCR domain of MSR1 does not seem to be involved in bacteria binding (9, 10). Bacteria binding by MARCO involves an ...
... the macrophage scavenger receptor (MSR1), the Mac 2-binding protein (Mac-2bp), and MARCO. Both MSR1 and MARCO are known to interact with bacteria (6, 7). In contrast to MARCO (8), the SRCR domain of MSR1 does not seem to be involved in bacteria binding (9, 10). Bacteria binding by MARCO involves an ...
The mapping of linear B-cell epitope regions in desmoglein 1 and 3
... practical, and cost-effective method for linear epitope region identification [20, 21]. B-cell epitope mapping using a series of pin-attached overlapping synthetic peptides can be a very efficient way to identify linear antigenic determinants recognized by serum antibodies or a protein specific anti ...
... practical, and cost-effective method for linear epitope region identification [20, 21]. B-cell epitope mapping using a series of pin-attached overlapping synthetic peptides can be a very efficient way to identify linear antigenic determinants recognized by serum antibodies or a protein specific anti ...
Lecture 12
... Advantages • Applicable to all types of biological samples; • Effective with very low sample amounts (as low as 1-4 μg of total protein, or 10,000 cells, in a recent report) • No side reactions and byproducts, which are a general problem of chemical labeling. ...
... Advantages • Applicable to all types of biological samples; • Effective with very low sample amounts (as low as 1-4 μg of total protein, or 10,000 cells, in a recent report) • No side reactions and byproducts, which are a general problem of chemical labeling. ...
Transcription and Translation RNA
... not entirely correct. It is true that the rRNA forms a scaffold, however, this is not its sole function. In the small subunit it is actually the 16S rRNA that recognizes the start codon of a mRNA. In the large subunit, it is the 23S rRNA that catalyzes peptide bond formation between amino acids. The ...
... not entirely correct. It is true that the rRNA forms a scaffold, however, this is not its sole function. In the small subunit it is actually the 16S rRNA that recognizes the start codon of a mRNA. In the large subunit, it is the 23S rRNA that catalyzes peptide bond formation between amino acids. The ...
types of gel - WordPress.com
... TYPES OF GEL 1. Agarose Agarose gels are made from the natural polysaccharide polymers extracted from seaweed. Agarose gels are easily cast and handled compared to other matrices, because the gel setting is a physical rather than chemical change. Samples are also easily recovered. After the experime ...
... TYPES OF GEL 1. Agarose Agarose gels are made from the natural polysaccharide polymers extracted from seaweed. Agarose gels are easily cast and handled compared to other matrices, because the gel setting is a physical rather than chemical change. Samples are also easily recovered. After the experime ...
Detecting Species-Specific Proteins by LC/MS
... Markers for adulteration with cow milk All mammalian milks contain lactoglobulin, lactoferrin and casein proteins at high concentrations. A liquid/liquid extraction protocol was selective for the water soluble proteins lactoferrin and lactoglobulins present in the whey fraction of milk. Milk obtaine ...
... Markers for adulteration with cow milk All mammalian milks contain lactoglobulin, lactoferrin and casein proteins at high concentrations. A liquid/liquid extraction protocol was selective for the water soluble proteins lactoferrin and lactoglobulins present in the whey fraction of milk. Milk obtaine ...
Solubility-enhancing proteins MBP and NusA play a passive role in
... GFP fusion proteins was compared. These two fusion proteins accumulate to comparable levels in E. coli (Fig. 2B). Whether in the presence or absence of IPTG, the Xuorescence intensities were very similar, indicating that there was no substantial diVerence in the amount of properly folded GFP fused t ...
... GFP fusion proteins was compared. These two fusion proteins accumulate to comparable levels in E. coli (Fig. 2B). Whether in the presence or absence of IPTG, the Xuorescence intensities were very similar, indicating that there was no substantial diVerence in the amount of properly folded GFP fused t ...
Nuclear and nucleolar targeting of human ribosomal protein
... ribosomal proteins have employed either epitopetagging systems (Moreland et al., 1985; Michael and Dreyfuss, 1996; Martin-Nieto and Roufa, 1997) or even b-galactosidase fusions (Schmidt et al., 1995; Russo et al., 1997). Following the more well-accepted former strategy, an RPS25 expression vector, p ...
... ribosomal proteins have employed either epitopetagging systems (Moreland et al., 1985; Michael and Dreyfuss, 1996; Martin-Nieto and Roufa, 1997) or even b-galactosidase fusions (Schmidt et al., 1995; Russo et al., 1997). Following the more well-accepted former strategy, an RPS25 expression vector, p ...
Planta
... endocarp, which is the edible part of the fruit (Spiegel-Roy and Goldschmidt 1996). The pericarp itself is composed of two distinct portions, the epicarp, known also as the ‘Xavedo’ and the internal portion, the mesocarp, known as the albedo both are deWned as the ‘peel.’ During the early stages of ...
... endocarp, which is the edible part of the fruit (Spiegel-Roy and Goldschmidt 1996). The pericarp itself is composed of two distinct portions, the epicarp, known also as the ‘Xavedo’ and the internal portion, the mesocarp, known as the albedo both are deWned as the ‘peel.’ During the early stages of ...
The Distribution of Polycomb-Group Proteins During Cell Division
... The developmental profile of the distribution of the proteins PC, PH, and PSC in fixed whole mount embryos has been analyzed at low resolution by immunocytochemistry with enzymatically developed color precipitates (DeCamillis and Brock, 1994; Franke et al., 1992; Martin and Adler, 1993; Paro and Zin ...
... The developmental profile of the distribution of the proteins PC, PH, and PSC in fixed whole mount embryos has been analyzed at low resolution by immunocytochemistry with enzymatically developed color precipitates (DeCamillis and Brock, 1994; Franke et al., 1992; Martin and Adler, 1993; Paro and Zin ...
Chaperone-assisted protein folding: the path to discovery from a
... unfolded protein in the ring center (Fig. 2c,d), and Art Horwich obtained similar results independently23. We also found that GroES, a heptameric ring of ~10 kDa subunits, binds like a lid over the central GroEL cavity, causing major conformational changes in the interacting GroEL subunits22 (Fig. 2 ...
... unfolded protein in the ring center (Fig. 2c,d), and Art Horwich obtained similar results independently23. We also found that GroES, a heptameric ring of ~10 kDa subunits, binds like a lid over the central GroEL cavity, causing major conformational changes in the interacting GroEL subunits22 (Fig. 2 ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.