Chapters 5, 7, 11, 17 ppt
... Quaternary structure: a protein that is composed of several polypeptide chains (subunits) Multisubunit proteins may be composed, at least in part, of identical subunits and are referred to as oligomers (composed of protomers) ...
... Quaternary structure: a protein that is composed of several polypeptide chains (subunits) Multisubunit proteins may be composed, at least in part, of identical subunits and are referred to as oligomers (composed of protomers) ...
Functional studies of the BTB domain in the Drosophila GAGA and
... This high degree of conservation suggests that D35 and G93 are essential for the domain’s normal function. To assess the functional significance of the mutations in D35 and G93 of mod(mdg4)351, we made use of the ability of the GAGA factor to activate binding site-dependent transcription in transfec ...
... This high degree of conservation suggests that D35 and G93 are essential for the domain’s normal function. To assess the functional significance of the mutations in D35 and G93 of mod(mdg4)351, we made use of the ability of the GAGA factor to activate binding site-dependent transcription in transfec ...
Clathrinmediated transport: assembly required
... GTPase effector domain that is involved in oligomerization and selfassembly, and increases the GTPase activity of dynamin by 50- to 100-fold. The C-terminal region of dynamin contains a proline-rich region that interacts with the Src homology 3 domains of several proteins, such as amphiphysin, endop ...
... GTPase effector domain that is involved in oligomerization and selfassembly, and increases the GTPase activity of dynamin by 50- to 100-fold. The C-terminal region of dynamin contains a proline-rich region that interacts with the Src homology 3 domains of several proteins, such as amphiphysin, endop ...
Releasable conjugation of polymers to proteins
... currently exist residue-specific reactions for permanently coupling polymers to at least 10 out of the 20 canonical amino acids found in proteins.7-10 However, in many cases, polymer-modification can lead to significant (or total) loss of peptide/protein activity. A classic example is lysozyme, whos ...
... currently exist residue-specific reactions for permanently coupling polymers to at least 10 out of the 20 canonical amino acids found in proteins.7-10 However, in many cases, polymer-modification can lead to significant (or total) loss of peptide/protein activity. A classic example is lysozyme, whos ...
Full-Text PDF
... independent of conventional secretory pathway, and therefore can represent another type of UPS pathway (Figure 2). Because of the large number of UPS pathways, Devis and colleagues stated that “one is tempted to speculate that what is termed unconventional protein secretion may not be that unconvent ...
... independent of conventional secretory pathway, and therefore can represent another type of UPS pathway (Figure 2). Because of the large number of UPS pathways, Devis and colleagues stated that “one is tempted to speculate that what is termed unconventional protein secretion may not be that unconvent ...
Vesicle formation and targeting is a multi
... LDL is transferred to lysosome (fusion of vesicles from TGN) Hydrolytic enzymes cleave LDL, releasing cholesterol to cytoplasm for continued membrane biosynthesis in smooth ER Receptor is recycled back to surface (cycles about every 10 min!) ...
... LDL is transferred to lysosome (fusion of vesicles from TGN) Hydrolytic enzymes cleave LDL, releasing cholesterol to cytoplasm for continued membrane biosynthesis in smooth ER Receptor is recycled back to surface (cycles about every 10 min!) ...
The potato NLR immune receptor R3a does not contain
... proteins recognize pathogen-secreted molecules, termed effectors, which translocate into the host cytoplasm, triggering an immune response that leads to resistance (Jones and Dangl 2006, Ooijen et al. 2007, Dodds and Rathjen 2010, Win et al. 2012). NLR recognition of pathogen effectors can be direct ...
... proteins recognize pathogen-secreted molecules, termed effectors, which translocate into the host cytoplasm, triggering an immune response that leads to resistance (Jones and Dangl 2006, Ooijen et al. 2007, Dodds and Rathjen 2010, Win et al. 2012). NLR recognition of pathogen effectors can be direct ...
Datasheet for T4 RNA Ligase 1 (ssRNA Ligase), High Concentration
... RNase Assay: Incubation of a 10 μl reaction containing 20 units of T4 RNA Ligase 1 with 40 ng of RNA transcript for 2 hours at 37°C resulted in no detectable degradation of the RNA as determined by gel electrophoresis. DNA Exonuclease Activity: Incubation of 20 units of T4 RNA Ligase 1 with 1 µg of ...
... RNase Assay: Incubation of a 10 μl reaction containing 20 units of T4 RNA Ligase 1 with 40 ng of RNA transcript for 2 hours at 37°C resulted in no detectable degradation of the RNA as determined by gel electrophoresis. DNA Exonuclease Activity: Incubation of 20 units of T4 RNA Ligase 1 with 1 µg of ...
How do non-enyzmatic domains become enzymes
... While the enzyme catalyzing the first step is well-known, deoxyhypusine hydroxylase has eluded identification for 20 years All that was known about it was that it might have metal-dependence. This is not surprising given that most other hydroxylases show this dependence ...
... While the enzyme catalyzing the first step is well-known, deoxyhypusine hydroxylase has eluded identification for 20 years All that was known about it was that it might have metal-dependence. This is not surprising given that most other hydroxylases show this dependence ...
Role of Capsid Proteins
... destabilized after entry into the plant cell by interaction with lipid containing structures, by interaction with a hypothetical subcellular receptor-like component, or by exposing the virus to a low calcium concentration and raised pH. This latter condition would negatively charge carboxylate group ...
... destabilized after entry into the plant cell by interaction with lipid containing structures, by interaction with a hypothetical subcellular receptor-like component, or by exposing the virus to a low calcium concentration and raised pH. This latter condition would negatively charge carboxylate group ...
CHAPTER 3 STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS OF
... depends by different connections. Two β-α-β motifs have two connection options to form one βsheet made by four parallel strands (Fig. 24). For example, β3-strand can be adjacent to β2-strand resulting in the 1234 order of the sheet , or adjacent to the β1-strand giving rise to a 4321 sheet . The β-α ...
... depends by different connections. Two β-α-β motifs have two connection options to form one βsheet made by four parallel strands (Fig. 24). For example, β3-strand can be adjacent to β2-strand resulting in the 1234 order of the sheet , or adjacent to the β1-strand giving rise to a 4321 sheet . The β-α ...
ppt
... to find relevant phosphorylation citations from long lists of papers in given protein entries. The high precision of annotation extraction from retrieved phosphorylation papers will ensure minimal effort in manual checking to validate the annotation. A few site features detected by RLIMS-P are ...
... to find relevant phosphorylation citations from long lists of papers in given protein entries. The high precision of annotation extraction from retrieved phosphorylation papers will ensure minimal effort in manual checking to validate the annotation. A few site features detected by RLIMS-P are ...
TRANSLATION: How to make proteins?
... by STRESS via kinase cascade (mTOR) nutrients, DNA damage, heat/cold shock, hypoxia, oxidative strss ...
... by STRESS via kinase cascade (mTOR) nutrients, DNA damage, heat/cold shock, hypoxia, oxidative strss ...
An in silico analysis of the mitochondrial protein import apparatus of
... (OM64) is found on the outer membrane of mitochondria in Arabidopsis, displaying ~70% sequence identity with the Toc64 protein (translocase of the outer envelope of chloroplasts) from plastids [56] (Figure 3A). In plant mitochondria, this protein has been shown to be involved in the import of some p ...
... (OM64) is found on the outer membrane of mitochondria in Arabidopsis, displaying ~70% sequence identity with the Toc64 protein (translocase of the outer envelope of chloroplasts) from plastids [56] (Figure 3A). In plant mitochondria, this protein has been shown to be involved in the import of some p ...
SpeeDB: fast structural protein searches
... and function of proteins. Several tools have been developed for the identification and analysis of such interactions in proteins based on the extensive studies carried out on high-resolution structures from Protein Data Bank (PDB). Although these tools allow users to identify and analyze interaction ...
... and function of proteins. Several tools have been developed for the identification and analysis of such interactions in proteins based on the extensive studies carried out on high-resolution structures from Protein Data Bank (PDB). Although these tools allow users to identify and analyze interaction ...
Biochemistry of Amino acid
... hemoglobin to buffer the H+ ions from carbonic acid ionization in red blood cells. It is this property of hemoglobin that allows it to exchange O 2 and CO2 at the tissues or lungs, respectively. ...
... hemoglobin to buffer the H+ ions from carbonic acid ionization in red blood cells. It is this property of hemoglobin that allows it to exchange O 2 and CO2 at the tissues or lungs, respectively. ...
IEX and RP Method Development for the Separation of
... Ion Exchange Chromatography of Proteins o Ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) discriminates between proteins on the basis of accessible surface charges and their corresponding electrostatic interaction with the column’s stationary phase. o The degree of protein retention is dependent on the strength ...
... Ion Exchange Chromatography of Proteins o Ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) discriminates between proteins on the basis of accessible surface charges and their corresponding electrostatic interaction with the column’s stationary phase. o The degree of protein retention is dependent on the strength ...
Chapter 17--6 slides per page
... Some introns contain sequences that may regulate gene expression ...
... Some introns contain sequences that may regulate gene expression ...
PROTEIN-LIPID AND PROTEIN-CARBOHYDRATE INTERACTIONS
... correlation was found between the polar lipid content and baking value of wheats resp. flours. The role of carbohydrates in the formation of gluten complex has not been investigated so thoroughly as the lipid-protein interaction. Theoretically - due to the polar character of carbohydrates - hydrogen ...
... correlation was found between the polar lipid content and baking value of wheats resp. flours. The role of carbohydrates in the formation of gluten complex has not been investigated so thoroughly as the lipid-protein interaction. Theoretically - due to the polar character of carbohydrates - hydrogen ...
Lecture 19 Membranes 2: Membrane Proteins
... Remember, average "residue mass" of an amino acid residue in a protein is about 110, so glycophorin A would have MW about 14,400. • Where does additional mass come from? • Glycophorin A is a glycoprotein by mass ~60% carbohydrate, ~40% protein. • Most of protein (N-terminal portion) on outside of ce ...
... Remember, average "residue mass" of an amino acid residue in a protein is about 110, so glycophorin A would have MW about 14,400. • Where does additional mass come from? • Glycophorin A is a glycoprotein by mass ~60% carbohydrate, ~40% protein. • Most of protein (N-terminal portion) on outside of ce ...
5 end
... The Functional and Evolutionary Importance of Introns • Some genes can encode more than one kind of polypeptide, depending on which segments are treated as exons during RNA splicing • Such variations are called alternative RNA splicing (clip) • Because of alternative splicing, the number of differe ...
... The Functional and Evolutionary Importance of Introns • Some genes can encode more than one kind of polypeptide, depending on which segments are treated as exons during RNA splicing • Such variations are called alternative RNA splicing (clip) • Because of alternative splicing, the number of differe ...
34750 - Radboud Repository
... groups [1], steroids [2], amino acids, and iron-sulphur (Fe-S) clusters [3]. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial genes indicate that all mitochondria derive from a single alphaproteobacterial ancestor, the so-called proto-mitochondrion [4]. During the transformation of proto-mitochondrion to orga ...
... groups [1], steroids [2], amino acids, and iron-sulphur (Fe-S) clusters [3]. Phylogenetic analyses of mitochondrial genes indicate that all mitochondria derive from a single alphaproteobacterial ancestor, the so-called proto-mitochondrion [4]. During the transformation of proto-mitochondrion to orga ...
Structure-Function Relations in E. coli 16s RNA
... appears to be ideally suited for involvement in the process of moving a tRNA from the R site to the A site. Lake (1981) proposes that the conformational change that brings the tRNA to the A site would occur solely in the tRNA, with the only contact to the ribosomal complex being at the anticodon. Th ...
... appears to be ideally suited for involvement in the process of moving a tRNA from the R site to the A site. Lake (1981) proposes that the conformational change that brings the tRNA to the A site would occur solely in the tRNA, with the only contact to the ribosomal complex being at the anticodon. Th ...
Part 2
... sheet’ which must be superimposed on the gel. When specific anti-phospho-amino acid antibodies or more recently, by this happens, the blue bands and blue spots must motif antibodies that specifically bind to proteins having appear on these sheets. These must then be removed phosphorylation at a part ...
... sheet’ which must be superimposed on the gel. When specific anti-phospho-amino acid antibodies or more recently, by this happens, the blue bands and blue spots must motif antibodies that specifically bind to proteins having appear on these sheets. These must then be removed phosphorylation at a part ...
The following equations and constants may be useful:
... a) the residual energy present in the reactants at equilibrium. b) the residual energy present in the products at equilibrium. c) the difference in the residual energy of reactants and products at equilibrium. d) The energy required to convert one mole of reactants to one mole of products. 5. Disulf ...
... a) the residual energy present in the reactants at equilibrium. b) the residual energy present in the products at equilibrium. c) the difference in the residual energy of reactants and products at equilibrium. d) The energy required to convert one mole of reactants to one mole of products. 5. Disulf ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.