Overexpression of yeast karyopherin Pse1p/Kap121p stimulates the
... Q 1999 Blackwell Science Ltd, Molecular Microbiology, 31, 1499±1511 ...
... Q 1999 Blackwell Science Ltd, Molecular Microbiology, 31, 1499±1511 ...
Protein Sorting and Transport - The Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi
... released into the cytosol when their translation is complete. ...
... released into the cytosol when their translation is complete. ...
REVIEWS
... also been localized to nuclear speckles. This supports the idea that speckles might be involved in regulating the pool of factors that are accessible to the transcription/pre-mRNA processing machinery46. In an attempt to characterize in detail the protein composition of speckles, proteomic analysis ...
... also been localized to nuclear speckles. This supports the idea that speckles might be involved in regulating the pool of factors that are accessible to the transcription/pre-mRNA processing machinery46. In an attempt to characterize in detail the protein composition of speckles, proteomic analysis ...
Protein aggregation and amyloid fibril formation prediction software
... obtained from the SCOP database [37], containing proteins which belong to the four main SCOP classes (classes a, b, c and d, which are all-a, all-b, a ⁄ b and a + b proteins, respectively) [36]. The observed packing density for each amino acid residue is defined as the number of amino acid residues i ...
... obtained from the SCOP database [37], containing proteins which belong to the four main SCOP classes (classes a, b, c and d, which are all-a, all-b, a ⁄ b and a + b proteins, respectively) [36]. The observed packing density for each amino acid residue is defined as the number of amino acid residues i ...
TRANSLATION: How to make proteins?
... by STRESS via kinase cascade (mTOR) nutrients, DNA damage, heat/cold shock, hypoxia, oxidative strss ...
... by STRESS via kinase cascade (mTOR) nutrients, DNA damage, heat/cold shock, hypoxia, oxidative strss ...
Document
... tRNA moves. When it first moves to the P site, it carries with it the polypeptide chain. In each round of elongation, the polypeptide chain is transferred from the tRNA in the P site to the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site. The third site is the E site. During translocation, the uncharg ...
... tRNA moves. When it first moves to the P site, it carries with it the polypeptide chain. In each round of elongation, the polypeptide chain is transferred from the tRNA in the P site to the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site. The third site is the E site. During translocation, the uncharg ...
C1. The start codon begins at the fifth nucleotide. The amino acid
... tRNA moves. When it first moves to the P site, it carries with it the polypeptide chain. In each round of elongation, the polypeptide chain is transferred from the tRNA in the P site to the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site. The third site is the E site. During translocation, the uncharg ...
... tRNA moves. When it first moves to the P site, it carries with it the polypeptide chain. In each round of elongation, the polypeptide chain is transferred from the tRNA in the P site to the amino acid attached to the tRNA in the A site. The third site is the E site. During translocation, the uncharg ...
Evolution of Gamete Recognition Proteins
... are known, and concerted evolution can influence the differentiation of gamete recognition proteins between closely related species. Sexual reproduction, defined here as the fusion of two haploid cells during fertilization to form a diploid zygote, occurs in almost all eukaryotes. Fertilization is t ...
... are known, and concerted evolution can influence the differentiation of gamete recognition proteins between closely related species. Sexual reproduction, defined here as the fusion of two haploid cells during fertilization to form a diploid zygote, occurs in almost all eukaryotes. Fertilization is t ...
Foundations of Biology - Geoscience Research Institute
... to the promoter region of a gene If the appropriate transcription factors are present, RNA polymerase binds to form an initiation complex RNA polymerase melts the DNA at the transcription start site Polymerization of RNA begins ©2000 Timothy G. Standish ...
... to the promoter region of a gene If the appropriate transcription factors are present, RNA polymerase binds to form an initiation complex RNA polymerase melts the DNA at the transcription start site Polymerization of RNA begins ©2000 Timothy G. Standish ...
Detection of plum pox potyviral protein–protein interactions in planta
... carried out with the P3N-PIPO protein, revealing an interaction with CI but not with CP and supporting the involvement of P3N-PIPO in the cell-to-cell movement of potyviruses. No selfinteraction of the PPV helper component–proteinase (HC-Pro) was detected using BiFC in planta. Therefore, additional ...
... carried out with the P3N-PIPO protein, revealing an interaction with CI but not with CP and supporting the involvement of P3N-PIPO in the cell-to-cell movement of potyviruses. No selfinteraction of the PPV helper component–proteinase (HC-Pro) was detected using BiFC in planta. Therefore, additional ...
The TACC proteins: TACC-ling microtubule dynamics and
... becomes dramatically downregulated [6,32]. TACC2 is also widely expressed, showing the highest levels in heart and muscle [32,33]. In mice, expression was detected at all developmental stages [13]. By contrast, TACC3 is expressed in relatively few adult tissues, but it shows elevated levels in testi ...
... becomes dramatically downregulated [6,32]. TACC2 is also widely expressed, showing the highest levels in heart and muscle [32,33]. In mice, expression was detected at all developmental stages [13]. By contrast, TACC3 is expressed in relatively few adult tissues, but it shows elevated levels in testi ...
Protein Tyrosine Nitration
... In order for tyrosine nitration to function as a signal transduction event it must meet two requirements: 1) must be a selective process 2) must be reversible Fine Print: The first requirement appears to be fulfilled whereas the second is a possibility waiting further characterization and isolation ...
... In order for tyrosine nitration to function as a signal transduction event it must meet two requirements: 1) must be a selective process 2) must be reversible Fine Print: The first requirement appears to be fulfilled whereas the second is a possibility waiting further characterization and isolation ...
Transcription
... to the promoter region of a gene If the appropriate transcription factors are present, RNA polymerase binds to form an initiation complex RNA polymerase melts the DNA at the transcription start site Polymerization of RNA begins ©2000 Timothy G. Standish ...
... to the promoter region of a gene If the appropriate transcription factors are present, RNA polymerase binds to form an initiation complex RNA polymerase melts the DNA at the transcription start site Polymerization of RNA begins ©2000 Timothy G. Standish ...
Immunophilins and Parvulins. Superfamily of
... FKBPs. These two groups of proteins (collectively called immunophilins) share little sequence homology, but both have peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) activity that is involved in protein folding processes. Studies have identified immunophilins in all organisms examined including bacteri ...
... FKBPs. These two groups of proteins (collectively called immunophilins) share little sequence homology, but both have peptidyl prolyl cis/trans isomerase (PPIase) activity that is involved in protein folding processes. Studies have identified immunophilins in all organisms examined including bacteri ...
Aminoacylated tmRNA from Escherichia coli interacts with
... unpubl+ results)+ What about the other tRNA specific proteins involved in translation? E. coli tmRNA is found associated with 70S ribosomes in vivo, at about one molecule per 10 ribosomes (Ushida et al+, 1994; Komine et al+, 1996)+ How tmRNA enters the ribosomal A-site remains unknown+ It could eith ...
... unpubl+ results)+ What about the other tRNA specific proteins involved in translation? E. coli tmRNA is found associated with 70S ribosomes in vivo, at about one molecule per 10 ribosomes (Ushida et al+, 1994; Komine et al+, 1996)+ How tmRNA enters the ribosomal A-site remains unknown+ It could eith ...
Aberrant mRNA Transcripts and the Nonsense
... alternatively spliced isoforms remained constant (i.e., in the logarithmic amplification range) over 22 to 24 cycles (see Supplemental Figure 1 online; see Methods). Gene-specific primers were designed to a number of genes whose transcripts had been cloned in the nucleolar cDNA library either as abe ...
... alternatively spliced isoforms remained constant (i.e., in the logarithmic amplification range) over 22 to 24 cycles (see Supplemental Figure 1 online; see Methods). Gene-specific primers were designed to a number of genes whose transcripts had been cloned in the nucleolar cDNA library either as abe ...
Interaction interfaces of protein domains are not topologically
... (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/prot.20319 ...
... (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/prot.20319 ...
Short transmembrane domains with high
... To examine whether the geometric features of TMDs also act as determinants of localization in mammalian cells, CHO-K1 cells were transfected with mCherry-tagged Sso1 or fusions of the Sso1 cytoplasmic domain to the TMDs described in Fig. 2 and their subcellular localization was established by coloca ...
... To examine whether the geometric features of TMDs also act as determinants of localization in mammalian cells, CHO-K1 cells were transfected with mCherry-tagged Sso1 or fusions of the Sso1 cytoplasmic domain to the TMDs described in Fig. 2 and their subcellular localization was established by coloca ...
Regulatory Roles for Long ncRNA and mRNA
... RNA. Only, their lack of protein coding ability and conservation is differentiating lncRNAs from mRNAs [26,32]. These are therefore the main criteria from telling both types of transcripts apart. Protein-coding ability—Proof of protein-coding ability can be obtained from experiments such as Western ...
... RNA. Only, their lack of protein coding ability and conservation is differentiating lncRNAs from mRNAs [26,32]. These are therefore the main criteria from telling both types of transcripts apart. Protein-coding ability—Proof of protein-coding ability can be obtained from experiments such as Western ...
Recent advances in plant cell wall proteomics
... Indeed, proteomic studies made on cell walls revealed leaderless proteins mixed with secreted proteins, many of which have well-known functions inside the cell. There have been many discussions about the possibility of finding non-canonical proteins in plant cell walls [7, 36]. Are they bona fide s ...
... Indeed, proteomic studies made on cell walls revealed leaderless proteins mixed with secreted proteins, many of which have well-known functions inside the cell. There have been many discussions about the possibility of finding non-canonical proteins in plant cell walls [7, 36]. Are they bona fide s ...
Aberrant mRNA Transcripts and the Nonsense
... accumulated in the nucleolus and whether there were implications for gene expression. The most common event was the presence of an unspliced intron, occurring in almost 75% of the aberrantly spliced transcripts (Figures 2A, 2G, and 3A). The remainder exhibited a range of different splicing phenotype ...
... accumulated in the nucleolus and whether there were implications for gene expression. The most common event was the presence of an unspliced intron, occurring in almost 75% of the aberrantly spliced transcripts (Figures 2A, 2G, and 3A). The remainder exhibited a range of different splicing phenotype ...
Sorting of proteins to vacuoles in plant cells
... functional type of vacuole, plant cells have several and a specific isoform of TIP is associated with a specific functional type (see below). We hypothesize that, in plant cells, the presence of a specific TIP isoform is required for the biogenesis of a specific vacuole type, and that the specific T ...
... functional type of vacuole, plant cells have several and a specific isoform of TIP is associated with a specific functional type (see below). We hypothesize that, in plant cells, the presence of a specific TIP isoform is required for the biogenesis of a specific vacuole type, and that the specific T ...
Localization of growth and secretion of proteins in
... Sandwiched cultures. A . niger 402 was grown in a thin layer as follows. A perforated polycarbonate membrane (diameter 76 mm, thickness 510 pm, 6 x los pores cm-* with a standard pore size of 0.08 pm; Poretics Corporation, Livermore, USA) was centrally placed on the surface of I5 ml solidified minim ...
... Sandwiched cultures. A . niger 402 was grown in a thin layer as follows. A perforated polycarbonate membrane (diameter 76 mm, thickness 510 pm, 6 x los pores cm-* with a standard pore size of 0.08 pm; Poretics Corporation, Livermore, USA) was centrally placed on the surface of I5 ml solidified minim ...
Red blood cells: proteomics, physiology and metabolism
... characterisation of single cellular proteins led to significantly increased understanding of RBC structure and function. At the end of the century new technologies emerged that allowed determination of the entire m-RNA (micro-array, transcriptomics) and protein (mass-spectrometry, proteomics) make-u ...
... characterisation of single cellular proteins led to significantly increased understanding of RBC structure and function. At the end of the century new technologies emerged that allowed determination of the entire m-RNA (micro-array, transcriptomics) and protein (mass-spectrometry, proteomics) make-u ...
Chapters 5, 7, 11, 17 ppt
... Quaternary structure: a protein that is composed of several polypeptide chains (subunits) Multisubunit proteins may be composed, at least in part, of identical subunits and are referred to as oligomers (composed of protomers) ...
... Quaternary structure: a protein that is composed of several polypeptide chains (subunits) Multisubunit proteins may be composed, at least in part, of identical subunits and are referred to as oligomers (composed of protomers) ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.