Chapter 06 Lecture PowerPoint - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... Local DNA Melting at the Promoter • From the number of RNA polymerase holoenzymes bound to DNA, it was calculated that each polymerase caused a separation of about 10 bp • In another experiment, the length of the melted region was found to be 12 bp • Later, size of the DNA transcription bubble in c ...
... Local DNA Melting at the Promoter • From the number of RNA polymerase holoenzymes bound to DNA, it was calculated that each polymerase caused a separation of about 10 bp • In another experiment, the length of the melted region was found to be 12 bp • Later, size of the DNA transcription bubble in c ...
Origin and evolution of peptide-modifying
... Figure 1. Predicted hydroxy/hydroperoxy wybutosine biosynthesis pathway and domain architecture of key enzymes involved in its synthesis. (A) Shown above each enzyme of the reaction pathway, in colored squares, is the phyletic profile of the protein family. The color intensity of the outline is used ...
... Figure 1. Predicted hydroxy/hydroperoxy wybutosine biosynthesis pathway and domain architecture of key enzymes involved in its synthesis. (A) Shown above each enzyme of the reaction pathway, in colored squares, is the phyletic profile of the protein family. The color intensity of the outline is used ...
Pvlea-18, a Member of a New Late-Embryogenesis
... The results in Figure 1c show that even 50 mg of GST was unable to block the detection of the 14-kD protein, indicating that the detected protein was not related to GST. Therefore, we can conclude that the antibodies specifically recognized the PvLEA-18 protein. As indicated above, the immunodetecte ...
... The results in Figure 1c show that even 50 mg of GST was unable to block the detection of the 14-kD protein, indicating that the detected protein was not related to GST. Therefore, we can conclude that the antibodies specifically recognized the PvLEA-18 protein. As indicated above, the immunodetecte ...
The proteomics of plant cell membranes
... reported a simple, fast, and scalable off-line procedure based on three-phase partitioning with butanol to fractionate membrane proteomes in combination with both ingel and in-solution digestions and mass spectrometry. They analysed the salt-stripped thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts of Arabidopsis ...
... reported a simple, fast, and scalable off-line procedure based on three-phase partitioning with butanol to fractionate membrane proteomes in combination with both ingel and in-solution digestions and mass spectrometry. They analysed the salt-stripped thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts of Arabidopsis ...
Iboga – mit in resničnost
... against asthenia 1939-1970: neuromuscular stimulant 8mg per pill against fatigue, depression and at reconvalescence after infectious diseases 1969: 4-5mg/kg as fantasy enhancer at psychotherapy ...
... against asthenia 1939-1970: neuromuscular stimulant 8mg per pill against fatigue, depression and at reconvalescence after infectious diseases 1969: 4-5mg/kg as fantasy enhancer at psychotherapy ...
Current Topics Intrinsic Disorder and Protein Function†
... proteins (3). Tight regulation of intracellular protease activity can also be understood as a mechanism to protect proteasesensitive sites (5, 12). Additional mechanisms help disordered proteins avoid proteolysis in vivo. Some disordered regions are inaccessible to proteases due to steric factors; o ...
... proteins (3). Tight regulation of intracellular protease activity can also be understood as a mechanism to protect proteasesensitive sites (5, 12). Additional mechanisms help disordered proteins avoid proteolysis in vivo. Some disordered regions are inaccessible to proteases due to steric factors; o ...
X-ray structures of the N and C-terminal domains of a
... loop which is presumably mobile. It is possible that the RNA binding regions of these two domains face each other engulfing the RNA between them, thus conferring resistance to RNAses. In the various crystal forms of the CTD, we have seen the ability of CTD to self-associate in multiple modes with bu ...
... loop which is presumably mobile. It is possible that the RNA binding regions of these two domains face each other engulfing the RNA between them, thus conferring resistance to RNAses. In the various crystal forms of the CTD, we have seen the ability of CTD to self-associate in multiple modes with bu ...
Integrated search and alignment of protein structures
... where a and b are types of amino acids, s and t are the SSE states and w1 ,w2 are positive weighing parameters to adjust the contributions of amino acid types and SSE states. In general, one would expect a smaller w1 and a larger w2 for proteins that are remote homologous, because the remote homolog ...
... where a and b are types of amino acids, s and t are the SSE states and w1 ,w2 are positive weighing parameters to adjust the contributions of amino acid types and SSE states. In general, one would expect a smaller w1 and a larger w2 for proteins that are remote homologous, because the remote homolog ...
Isolation by Calcium-Dependent Translocation to
... the defense against microbes. Phagocytosing neutrophils kill and degrade bacteria through the action of toxic oxygen metabolites and proteolytic enzymes.’.2Recognition of the microbes as well as phagolysosome formation, a prerequisite for killing, is dependent on secretion or degranulation of granul ...
... the defense against microbes. Phagocytosing neutrophils kill and degrade bacteria through the action of toxic oxygen metabolites and proteolytic enzymes.’.2Recognition of the microbes as well as phagolysosome formation, a prerequisite for killing, is dependent on secretion or degranulation of granul ...
Dictionary of Interfaces in Proteins (DIP). Data Bank of
... between subunits (Argos, 1988), in dimeric structures (Jones & Thornton, 1995), in oligomeric proteins (Miller, 1989; Tsai et al., 1996), and in enzyme-inhibitor substrate (Janin & Chothia, 1990), or immunoglobulin-antigen complexes (Padlan, 1990). A similar classi®cation of different proteinprotein ...
... between subunits (Argos, 1988), in dimeric structures (Jones & Thornton, 1995), in oligomeric proteins (Miller, 1989; Tsai et al., 1996), and in enzyme-inhibitor substrate (Janin & Chothia, 1990), or immunoglobulin-antigen complexes (Padlan, 1990). A similar classi®cation of different proteinprotein ...
Chapter 11 Lecture PowerPoint - McGraw Hill Higher Education
... • Eukaryotes control transcription primarily at the initiation step • There is also some control exerted during elongation, which can involve overcoming transcription pausing or transcription arrest • RNA polymerases do not transcribe at a steady rate as they pause, sometimes for a long time, before ...
... • Eukaryotes control transcription primarily at the initiation step • There is also some control exerted during elongation, which can involve overcoming transcription pausing or transcription arrest • RNA polymerases do not transcribe at a steady rate as they pause, sometimes for a long time, before ...
Essential Cell Biology (3rd ed.)
... particular bumps and crevices, that can cradle or exclude specific molecules. Proteins embedded in the plasma membrane form the channels and pumps that control the passage of nutrients and other small molecules into and out of the cell. Other proteins carry messages from one cell to another, or act ...
... particular bumps and crevices, that can cradle or exclude specific molecules. Proteins embedded in the plasma membrane form the channels and pumps that control the passage of nutrients and other small molecules into and out of the cell. Other proteins carry messages from one cell to another, or act ...
Journal of Medical Microbiology
... or reactive oxygen species produced by immune cells during bacterial infections [17]. Recently it was found that H. pylori binds with high af®nity to the glycosaminoglycans such as heparin and heparan sulphate, and to heparin-dependent growth factors [18, 19]. Proteoglycans are important in the norm ...
... or reactive oxygen species produced by immune cells during bacterial infections [17]. Recently it was found that H. pylori binds with high af®nity to the glycosaminoglycans such as heparin and heparan sulphate, and to heparin-dependent growth factors [18, 19]. Proteoglycans are important in the norm ...
- Wiley Online Library
... can be used in a hypothetical experiment: could we have predicted the structural similarity of the two proteins, knowing only their sequences, or perhaps the structure of one and the sequence of the other. Statistics on such experiments can be used to compare various fold prediction and recognition ...
... can be used in a hypothetical experiment: could we have predicted the structural similarity of the two proteins, knowing only their sequences, or perhaps the structure of one and the sequence of the other. Statistics on such experiments can be used to compare various fold prediction and recognition ...
Proteomic Analysis of Neisseria gonorrhoeae Biofilms
... and Neisseria meningitidis [27,28], transcriptomic or proteomic studies have suggested that the shift to biofilm growth entails adaptations to oxygen and nutrient limitations, higher cell density, and stressful conditions. In general, the biofilm phenotype appears to involve differential expression ...
... and Neisseria meningitidis [27,28], transcriptomic or proteomic studies have suggested that the shift to biofilm growth entails adaptations to oxygen and nutrient limitations, higher cell density, and stressful conditions. In general, the biofilm phenotype appears to involve differential expression ...
Unusual C-terminal domain of the largest subunit of RNA
... Structure of the C-terminal domain of the largest subunit o/C.fasciculata RNA polymerase II We have described the cloning of the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II of C.fasciculata (Figures 1, 3 and 4). We show here that the C.fasciculata gene also encodes a C-terminal extension, ...
... Structure of the C-terminal domain of the largest subunit o/C.fasciculata RNA polymerase II We have described the cloning of the gene encoding the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II of C.fasciculata (Figures 1, 3 and 4). We show here that the C.fasciculata gene also encodes a C-terminal extension, ...
Like-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (LARGE)
... 17428 | www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1114836108 ...
... 17428 | www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1114836108 ...
Bluetongue virus: dissection of the polymerase complex
... membrane via its amino terminal ‘pore-forming’ peptide, analogous to the fusion peptides of envelope viruses (Hassan et al., 2001; Forzan et al., 2004, 2007). The membrane penetration activity of VP5 was dramatically shown when VP5 was presented appropriately on the cellsurface and induced cell–cell ...
... membrane via its amino terminal ‘pore-forming’ peptide, analogous to the fusion peptides of envelope viruses (Hassan et al., 2001; Forzan et al., 2004, 2007). The membrane penetration activity of VP5 was dramatically shown when VP5 was presented appropriately on the cellsurface and induced cell–cell ...
Triphosphatase Related to the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
... range underscores the need for experimental confirmation of functional assignments based on sequence homology alone. Indeed, there are several receptor-like ...
... range underscores the need for experimental confirmation of functional assignments based on sequence homology alone. Indeed, there are several receptor-like ...
Poon, Andy: Predicting Phosphorylation: A critique of the NetPhos program and potential alternatives
... function or localization. The presence of a phosphate group often modulates that protein's interaction with other proteins upstream or downstream of it on a certain pathway, such as the binding of phosphorylated receptors by proteins with SH2 domains (reviewed by Pawson, 2004). Given the prevalence ...
... function or localization. The presence of a phosphate group often modulates that protein's interaction with other proteins upstream or downstream of it on a certain pathway, such as the binding of phosphorylated receptors by proteins with SH2 domains (reviewed by Pawson, 2004). Given the prevalence ...
Ribosomes and Protein Synthesis
... for the basophilic nature and high RNA content of the reticulum . Indeed, Clermont (17) showed that, in spermatids, the RNA-staining region, as seen with the light microscope, could be equated with a free granular region, as visualized with the electron microscope. However, RNA content could not be ...
... for the basophilic nature and high RNA content of the reticulum . Indeed, Clermont (17) showed that, in spermatids, the RNA-staining region, as seen with the light microscope, could be equated with a free granular region, as visualized with the electron microscope. However, RNA content could not be ...
Transcription • Transcription factors • Chromatin • RNA polymerase II
... block recruitment of pol II, emphasizing that the CTD code is read differently before and after initiation of transcription. (b) The CTD is located close to the RNA exit channel [16]. Phosphorylation of serine residue in position 5 (Ser5), by the CDK7 subunit of the general transcription factor TFII ...
... block recruitment of pol II, emphasizing that the CTD code is read differently before and after initiation of transcription. (b) The CTD is located close to the RNA exit channel [16]. Phosphorylation of serine residue in position 5 (Ser5), by the CDK7 subunit of the general transcription factor TFII ...
Protein aggregation in bacteria: the thin boundary
... trigger aggregation. b-Aggregation involves nucleation via the formation of intermolecular b-sheets that gives rise to the core of an aggregate (Nelson et al., 2005; Makin et al., 2005). It is thought that intermolecular b-structures derive their great thermodynamic stability from the high degree of ...
... trigger aggregation. b-Aggregation involves nucleation via the formation of intermolecular b-sheets that gives rise to the core of an aggregate (Nelson et al., 2005; Makin et al., 2005). It is thought that intermolecular b-structures derive their great thermodynamic stability from the high degree of ...
HUMAN PRIMARY CELLS RNA PRODUCTS Total RNA
... A. AllCells Total RNA products have been treated with DNase I to minimize genomic DNA presence. However, no procedure can guarantee absolute absence of all genomic DNA traces. Q. Is there micro RNA in the Total RNA products? A. No, there is no micro RNA in the Total RNA products. However, AllCells C ...
... A. AllCells Total RNA products have been treated with DNase I to minimize genomic DNA presence. However, no procedure can guarantee absolute absence of all genomic DNA traces. Q. Is there micro RNA in the Total RNA products? A. No, there is no micro RNA in the Total RNA products. However, AllCells C ...
Coupling transcription, splicing and mRNA export
... recruited by a splicing-dependent mechanism. Indeed, 95% of S. cerevisiae genes as well as several metazoan genes lack introns. Nevertheless, in both metazoans and yeast, the conserved UAP/Aly/Tap pathway is required for the export of mRNAs derived from genes lacking introns ([14] and references th ...
... recruited by a splicing-dependent mechanism. Indeed, 95% of S. cerevisiae genes as well as several metazoan genes lack introns. Nevertheless, in both metazoans and yeast, the conserved UAP/Aly/Tap pathway is required for the export of mRNAs derived from genes lacking introns ([14] and references th ...
SR protein
SR proteins are a conserved family of proteins involved in RNA splicing. SR proteins are named because they contain a protein domain with long repeats of serine and arginine amino acid residues, whose standard abbreviations are ""S"" and ""R"" respectively. SR proteins are 50-300 amino acids in length and composed of two domains, the RNA recognition motif (RRM) region and the RS binding domain. SR proteins are more commonly found in the nucleus than the cytoplasm, but several SR proteins are known to shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.SR proteins were discovered in the 1990s in Drosophila and in amphibian oocytes, and later in humans. In general, metazoans appear to have SR proteins and unicellular organisms lack SR proteins.SR proteins are important in constitutive and alternative pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA export, genome stabilization, nonsense-mediated decay, and translation. SR proteins alternatively splice pre-mRNA by preferentially selecting different splice sites on the pre-mRNA strands to create multiple mRNA transcripts from one pre-mRNA transcript. Once splicing is complete the SR protein may or may not remain attached to help shuttle the mRNA strand out of the nucleus. As RNA Polymerase II is transcribing DNA into RNA, SR proteins attach to newly made pre-mRNA to prevent the pre-mRNA from binding to the coding DNA strand to increase genome stabilization. Topoisomerase I and SR proteins also interact to increase genome stabilization. SR proteins can control the concentrations of specific mRNA that is successfully translated into protein by selecting for nonsense-mediated decay codons during alternative splicing. SR proteins can alternatively splice NMD codons into its own mRNA transcript to auto-regulate the concentration of SR proteins. Through the mTOR pathway and interactions with polyribosomes, SR proteins can increase translation of mRNA.Ataxia telangiectasia, neurofibromatosis type 1, several cancers, HIV-1, and spinal muscular atrophy have all been linked to alternative splicing by SR proteins.