Adaptive Speciation: Introduction
... If the gold-rush metaphor suggests that the basic cause of diversification is competitive interaction, it should be borne in mind that in any ecology that keeps populations bounded the individuals are necessarily subject to apparent or direct competition. If, moreover, the ecological roles of indivi ...
... If the gold-rush metaphor suggests that the basic cause of diversification is competitive interaction, it should be borne in mind that in any ecology that keeps populations bounded the individuals are necessarily subject to apparent or direct competition. If, moreover, the ecological roles of indivi ...
Gene interactions in the evolution of genomic imprinting
... alternative mechanisms (because it ensures that exactly one allelic copy will be expressed), and the theory of imprinting should not have the burden of explaining the existence of certain types of genetic variation. We therefore present this underdominant model as a simple but imperfect theory, and ...
... alternative mechanisms (because it ensures that exactly one allelic copy will be expressed), and the theory of imprinting should not have the burden of explaining the existence of certain types of genetic variation. We therefore present this underdominant model as a simple but imperfect theory, and ...
as a PDF
... converged genetically (this phenomenon is variously known in the literature as “hitch-hiking” or the “founder effect”), as the higher fitness portal genotype and its selectively neutral mutants are strongly selected at the expense of the old population. Now a more “traditional” view might impute a s ...
... converged genetically (this phenomenon is variously known in the literature as “hitch-hiking” or the “founder effect”), as the higher fitness portal genotype and its selectively neutral mutants are strongly selected at the expense of the old population. Now a more “traditional” view might impute a s ...
as a PDF - University of Sussex
... converged genetically (this phenomenon is variously known in the literature as “hitch-hiking” or the “founder effect”), as the higher fitness portal genotype and its selectively neutral mutants are strongly selected at the expense of the old population. Now a more “traditional” view might impute a s ...
... converged genetically (this phenomenon is variously known in the literature as “hitch-hiking” or the “founder effect”), as the higher fitness portal genotype and its selectively neutral mutants are strongly selected at the expense of the old population. Now a more “traditional” view might impute a s ...
Genomics of adaptation and speciation in cichlid fishes: recent
... none of the nearby single nucleotide polymorphisms assorted with colour in the mapping crosses nor colour polymorphic populations from the wild. An analysis of conserved non-coding elements surrounding the Mc1r locus, compared with the genomes of five model fish species, failed to identify relevant ...
... none of the nearby single nucleotide polymorphisms assorted with colour in the mapping crosses nor colour polymorphic populations from the wild. An analysis of conserved non-coding elements surrounding the Mc1r locus, compared with the genomes of five model fish species, failed to identify relevant ...
An Agony in Five Fits (R
... makes fascinating reading today, and I cannot resist quoting him at some length: My dear Darwin, — I have been so repeatedly struck by the utter inability of numbers of intelligent persons to see clearly, or at all, the selfacting and necessary effects of Natural Selection, that I am led to conclude ...
... makes fascinating reading today, and I cannot resist quoting him at some length: My dear Darwin, — I have been so repeatedly struck by the utter inability of numbers of intelligent persons to see clearly, or at all, the selfacting and necessary effects of Natural Selection, that I am led to conclude ...
ADAPTATION AND MALADAPTATION IN SELFING AND
... ones, mainly the adaptation from new mutations at one locus (e.g., Caballero and Hill 1992; Charlesworth 1992; Roze and Rousset 2003; Glémin 2007). However, it is increasingly recognized that standing variation could play a significant role in adaptation (Orr and Betancourt 2001; Hermisson and Penn ...
... ones, mainly the adaptation from new mutations at one locus (e.g., Caballero and Hill 1992; Charlesworth 1992; Roze and Rousset 2003; Glémin 2007). However, it is increasingly recognized that standing variation could play a significant role in adaptation (Orr and Betancourt 2001; Hermisson and Penn ...
Human Senescence - Assets - Cambridge University Press
... all aspects of human life history. This biocultural complexity is often slighted or not fully conveyed in both sociocultural and biological studies of human senescence and life span. As gerontologists have turned their attention to individual and population variation in human senescence and to the s ...
... all aspects of human life history. This biocultural complexity is often slighted or not fully conveyed in both sociocultural and biological studies of human senescence and life span. As gerontologists have turned their attention to individual and population variation in human senescence and to the s ...
On the Breadth and Significance of Niche Construction: A
... environment co-evolution, and many others, all make most sense where nicheconstruction is understood narrowly.’’ We disagree. In addition to succession, consider the case of ‘by-product mutualism’ where by-products drive co-evolutionary events, the regulatory behaviour of nest builders that shields ...
... environment co-evolution, and many others, all make most sense where nicheconstruction is understood narrowly.’’ We disagree. In addition to succession, consider the case of ‘by-product mutualism’ where by-products drive co-evolutionary events, the regulatory behaviour of nest builders that shields ...
Evolution of Manipulated Behavior. - The Institute for Environmental
... recipients than is a random individual in the population (Gardner and West 2004; West and Gardner 2010). In particular, relatedness is negative when actors are less related to recipients than to bystanders that are affected by the interaction (Lehmann et al. 2006; West and Gardner 2010), which will ...
... recipients than is a random individual in the population (Gardner and West 2004; West and Gardner 2010). In particular, relatedness is negative when actors are less related to recipients than to bystanders that are affected by the interaction (Lehmann et al. 2006; West and Gardner 2010), which will ...
hered short rev master..hered 366 .. Page265
... patterns. Striking variation is also found within some species which exhibit genetic polymorphism or seasonal polyphenism. Industrial melanism in the peppered moth Biston betularia provides one of the most thoroughly researched examples of evolution by natural selection (reviewed in Brakefield, 1987 ...
... patterns. Striking variation is also found within some species which exhibit genetic polymorphism or seasonal polyphenism. Industrial melanism in the peppered moth Biston betularia provides one of the most thoroughly researched examples of evolution by natural selection (reviewed in Brakefield, 1987 ...
1 - bioRxiv
... fore crucial to understand how frequency–dependent selection affects the evolution of quantitative traits, under both stabilizing Speciation is said to be “ecological” when reproductive isoor diversifying selection, since the former seems to be neither lation has resulted from divergent natural sele ...
... fore crucial to understand how frequency–dependent selection affects the evolution of quantitative traits, under both stabilizing Speciation is said to be “ecological” when reproductive isoor diversifying selection, since the former seems to be neither lation has resulted from divergent natural sele ...
How Populations Grow
... such as bears, elephants, and humans however, is better described by the logistic growth model. Most species have a strategy somewhere between the two models; other species change from one strategy to the other as their environment changes. (Note that the use of the word strategy here means “pattern ...
... such as bears, elephants, and humans however, is better described by the logistic growth model. Most species have a strategy somewhere between the two models; other species change from one strategy to the other as their environment changes. (Note that the use of the word strategy here means “pattern ...
What is individual quality? An evolutionary
... quality’ remains a somewhat elusive concept within ecology [5,6]. At the heart of the problem is that researchers in different fields often invest the term with subtle, but potentially important differences in meaning. Consequently, if not carefully defined ‘individual quality’ is a rather ambiguous ...
... quality’ remains a somewhat elusive concept within ecology [5,6]. At the heart of the problem is that researchers in different fields often invest the term with subtle, but potentially important differences in meaning. Consequently, if not carefully defined ‘individual quality’ is a rather ambiguous ...
Divergent selection and heterogeneous genomic
... genome, with divergent selection contributing to such heterogeneous genomic divergence. For example, loci under divergent selection and those tightly physically linked to them may exhibit stronger differentiation than neutral regions with weak or no linkage to such loci. Divergent selection can also ...
... genome, with divergent selection contributing to such heterogeneous genomic divergence. For example, loci under divergent selection and those tightly physically linked to them may exhibit stronger differentiation than neutral regions with weak or no linkage to such loci. Divergent selection can also ...
peas? - Westgate Mennonite Collegiate
... These slides are provided as a teaching resource. You are encouraged to modify them to meet your specific teaching and learning needs. Please adhere to the copyright conditions specified on the following slide. There is a reference slide at the end of the presentation that lists the sources for the ...
... These slides are provided as a teaching resource. You are encouraged to modify them to meet your specific teaching and learning needs. Please adhere to the copyright conditions specified on the following slide. There is a reference slide at the end of the presentation that lists the sources for the ...
Reprint
... male phenotype at a given location to change, however, no matter how the male phenotype varies in space. For example, if both the mean male phenotype and the population density increase linearly through space, then random movement of individuals will cause the mean male phenotype at a given location ...
... male phenotype at a given location to change, however, no matter how the male phenotype varies in space. For example, if both the mean male phenotype and the population density increase linearly through space, then random movement of individuals will cause the mean male phenotype at a given location ...
Pea Taste Slides - Evo-Ed
... These slides are provided as a teaching resource. You are encouraged to modify them to meet your specific teaching and learning needs. Please adhere to the copyright conditions specified on the following slide. There is a reference slide at the end of the presentation that lists the sources for the ...
... These slides are provided as a teaching resource. You are encouraged to modify them to meet your specific teaching and learning needs. Please adhere to the copyright conditions specified on the following slide. There is a reference slide at the end of the presentation that lists the sources for the ...
video slide - CARNES AP BIO
... Remember: The environment acts as a selecting agent for natural selection. • The environment is always changing, there is no “perfect” genome, and a diverse gene pool is necessary for the long-term survival of species. – Genetic variations within a population contribute to the diversity of the gene ...
... Remember: The environment acts as a selecting agent for natural selection. • The environment is always changing, there is no “perfect” genome, and a diverse gene pool is necessary for the long-term survival of species. – Genetic variations within a population contribute to the diversity of the gene ...
ExamView Pro - Chapter 16.bnk
... d. None of the above; it causes new phenotypes to form. ANS: B ...
... d. None of the above; it causes new phenotypes to form. ANS: B ...
1 Article: Investigation Evidence for Stabilizing Selection on Codon
... if sufficient mutational bias exists to alter the population mean of a quantitative trait away from its optimum value, the intensity of selection is nearly independent of Ne (Charlesworth 2013). Standard models of selection on codon usage predict that the intensity of selection scales with Ne (Li 1 ...
... if sufficient mutational bias exists to alter the population mean of a quantitative trait away from its optimum value, the intensity of selection is nearly independent of Ne (Charlesworth 2013). Standard models of selection on codon usage predict that the intensity of selection scales with Ne (Li 1 ...
Introduction
... for adaptive speciation. In sexual populations, evolutionary branching, and hence adaptive speciation, can only occur if assortative mating can latch on to the trait under disruptive selection. In principle, this can happen in a number of different ways, either through direct selection for assortati ...
... for adaptive speciation. In sexual populations, evolutionary branching, and hence adaptive speciation, can only occur if assortative mating can latch on to the trait under disruptive selection. In principle, this can happen in a number of different ways, either through direct selection for assortati ...
Nelson Mack
... Darwin’s Voyage of the Beagle Darwin’s Voyage of the Beagle was a collecting expedition where Darwin was a naturalist. He collected specimens and kept careful records of his observations. Darwin studied geology and allowed him to think about the possibility that environments may be modified over lon ...
... Darwin’s Voyage of the Beagle Darwin’s Voyage of the Beagle was a collecting expedition where Darwin was a naturalist. He collected specimens and kept careful records of his observations. Darwin studied geology and allowed him to think about the possibility that environments may be modified over lon ...
Group selection
Group selection is a proposed mechanism of evolution in which natural selection is imagined to act at the level of the group, instead of at the more conventional level of the individual.Early authors such as V. C. Wynne-Edwards and Konrad Lorenz argued that the behavior of animals could affect their survival and reproduction as groups.From the mid 1960s, evolutionary biologists such as John Maynard Smith argued that natural selection acted primarily at the level of the individual. They argued on the basis of mathematical models that individuals would not altruistically sacrifice fitness for the sake of a group. They persuaded the majority of biologists that group selection did not occur, other than in special situations such as the haplodiploid social insects like honeybees (in the Hymenoptera), where kin selection was possible.In 1994 David Sloan Wilson and Elliott Sober argued for multi-level selection, including group selection, on the grounds that groups, like individuals, could compete. In 2010 three authors including E. O. Wilson, known for his work on ants, again revisited the arguments for group selection, provoking a strong rebuttal from a large group of evolutionary biologists. As of yet, there is no clear consensus among biologists regarding the importance of group selection.