Chemistry
... describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is: (i) ionic, as in sodium chloride, magnesium oxide (ii) simple molecular, as in iodine (iii) giant molecular, as in graphite; diamond (iv) hydrogen-bonded, as in ice (v) metallic, as in copper [the concept of the ‘unit ...
... describe, in simple terms, the lattice structure of a crystalline solid which is: (i) ionic, as in sodium chloride, magnesium oxide (ii) simple molecular, as in iodine (iii) giant molecular, as in graphite; diamond (iv) hydrogen-bonded, as in ice (v) metallic, as in copper [the concept of the ‘unit ...
Prelab Assignment: The lodination of Acetone
... Repeat the experiment, using as a reference the reacted solution instead of distilled water. The amount of time required in the two runs should agree within about 20 seconds. The rate of the reaction equals the initial concentration of 1, in the reaction mixture divided by the elapsed time. Since t ...
... Repeat the experiment, using as a reference the reacted solution instead of distilled water. The amount of time required in the two runs should agree within about 20 seconds. The rate of the reaction equals the initial concentration of 1, in the reaction mixture divided by the elapsed time. Since t ...
Horseradish peroxidase catalyzed free radical cannot free move in
... when the enzyme emigrates outside the resonant cavity. This system does not have any shielding device, therefore it powerfully proved our deduction accuracy. ...
... when the enzyme emigrates outside the resonant cavity. This system does not have any shielding device, therefore it powerfully proved our deduction accuracy. ...
View/Open - AURA - Alfred University
... acetonitrile as both the solvent and substrate, a new solvent was required in order to perform these reactions with a stoichiometric ratio of alcohol and nitrile. In previous studies, it was found that PEDOT could mediate certain reactions in toluene. However, a Friedel-Crafts alkylation takes place ...
... acetonitrile as both the solvent and substrate, a new solvent was required in order to perform these reactions with a stoichiometric ratio of alcohol and nitrile. In previous studies, it was found that PEDOT could mediate certain reactions in toluene. However, a Friedel-Crafts alkylation takes place ...
Diversity-oriented synthesis - David Spring
... In forward chemical genetics, small molecules are screened, and those which induce a desired phenotype (different mitotic behavior in this example) are selected. The protein partner, through which these small molecules act, is then identified. (B) Conversely, in reverse chemical genetics, a small mol ...
... In forward chemical genetics, small molecules are screened, and those which induce a desired phenotype (different mitotic behavior in this example) are selected. The protein partner, through which these small molecules act, is then identified. (B) Conversely, in reverse chemical genetics, a small mol ...
高雄醫學大學九十二學年度學士後醫學系招生考試試題 科目:化學 考試
... (E) All of the above are oxidation-reduction reactions. 64. Aqueous solution of sodium sulfide and copper(II) chloride are mixed together. Which statement is correct? (A) Both NaCl and CuS precipitate from solution. (B) No precipitate forms. (C) CuS will precipitate from solution (D) NaCl will preci ...
... (E) All of the above are oxidation-reduction reactions. 64. Aqueous solution of sodium sulfide and copper(II) chloride are mixed together. Which statement is correct? (A) Both NaCl and CuS precipitate from solution. (B) No precipitate forms. (C) CuS will precipitate from solution (D) NaCl will preci ...
Experiment 22
... The conclusion you should reach on reading the last paragraph is that one can always cause a reaction to shift to the right by increasing the concentration of a reactant. An increase in concentration of a product will force a shift to the left. By a similar argument we find that a decrease in react ...
... The conclusion you should reach on reading the last paragraph is that one can always cause a reaction to shift to the right by increasing the concentration of a reactant. An increase in concentration of a product will force a shift to the left. By a similar argument we find that a decrease in react ...
CHAPTER TWO SOLID STATE REACTIONS 2.0 Introduction The
... reactions, with product selectivity different from that expected in the liquid phase [8, 9, 16, 17, 18]. It is expected that the crystalline solid state may affect the product selectivity of chemical reactions, not only by rate accelerations but also by slowing down rates of competing processes. Man ...
... reactions, with product selectivity different from that expected in the liquid phase [8, 9, 16, 17, 18]. It is expected that the crystalline solid state may affect the product selectivity of chemical reactions, not only by rate accelerations but also by slowing down rates of competing processes. Man ...
Unit3_Notes - Lesmahagow High School
... In a batch process the chemicals are loaded into the reaction vessel. The reaction is monitored and at the end of the reaction the product is separated and the reaction vessel cleaned out ready for the next batch. In a continuous process the reactants are continuously loaded at one end of the reacti ...
... In a batch process the chemicals are loaded into the reaction vessel. The reaction is monitored and at the end of the reaction the product is separated and the reaction vessel cleaned out ready for the next batch. In a continuous process the reactants are continuously loaded at one end of the reacti ...
Studies toward the Stereoselective Synthesis of the
... protection of the secondary hydroxyl group as the benzyl ether and left the primary hydroxyl group, available after oxidation to the aldehyde, for a two-carbon chain extension to an α,βunsaturated ester. This ester in turn was reduced to an allylic alcohol which formed the starting material for a se ...
... protection of the secondary hydroxyl group as the benzyl ether and left the primary hydroxyl group, available after oxidation to the aldehyde, for a two-carbon chain extension to an α,βunsaturated ester. This ester in turn was reduced to an allylic alcohol which formed the starting material for a se ...
Theoretical Study of Gas-Phase Reactions of Fe(CO)5 with OH
... (CO)4FeH2 is known to be a weak acid15 and a powerful catalyst for double-bond isomerization reactions.16 Moreover, it is found to decompose readily with liberation of molecular hydrogen17 as in eq 5. Most of these reactions, however, have been reported to proceed either in solution or under conditi ...
... (CO)4FeH2 is known to be a weak acid15 and a powerful catalyst for double-bond isomerization reactions.16 Moreover, it is found to decompose readily with liberation of molecular hydrogen17 as in eq 5. Most of these reactions, however, have been reported to proceed either in solution or under conditi ...
View/Open - Minerva Access
... As noted above, metal catalyzed allylic alkylation reactions of ester substrates have been widely used in organic synthesis (eq. 3). Sawamura has recently summarized the range of mechanisms that can operate (Scheme 6) [15b]. Importantly, the reaction mechanism followed dictates the regiochemical and ...
... As noted above, metal catalyzed allylic alkylation reactions of ester substrates have been widely used in organic synthesis (eq. 3). Sawamura has recently summarized the range of mechanisms that can operate (Scheme 6) [15b]. Importantly, the reaction mechanism followed dictates the regiochemical and ...
synthetic.applicatio..
... dependent on the nucleophilic reagent rather than aziridine substrate control (Scheme 10). The conventional C-3 opening proceeded in near quantitative yields for a variety of C-3-alkyl aziridines (2S,3R)-37 when MgBr2 was used but with NaBr (or NaI) C-2 opening generally predominated.28 A secondary ...
... dependent on the nucleophilic reagent rather than aziridine substrate control (Scheme 10). The conventional C-3 opening proceeded in near quantitative yields for a variety of C-3-alkyl aziridines (2S,3R)-37 when MgBr2 was used but with NaBr (or NaI) C-2 opening generally predominated.28 A secondary ...
Drug Metabolism
... • Electronic effect: Electron-donating substituents enhance hydroxylation, whereas electron-withdrawing substituents reduce or prevent hydroxylation. • Steric effect: steric factors also must be considered, because oxidation usually occurs at the least hindered position. For monosubstituted benzene ...
... • Electronic effect: Electron-donating substituents enhance hydroxylation, whereas electron-withdrawing substituents reduce or prevent hydroxylation. • Steric effect: steric factors also must be considered, because oxidation usually occurs at the least hindered position. For monosubstituted benzene ...
Amines
... to -CH2Amides can be reduced by LiAlH4 but NOT the less reactive NaBH4 Typical reagents : LiAlH4 / ether solvent, followed by aqueous work-up. Note that this reaction is different to that of other C=O compounds which reduce to alcohols (for example esters) The nature of the amine obtained depends on ...
... to -CH2Amides can be reduced by LiAlH4 but NOT the less reactive NaBH4 Typical reagents : LiAlH4 / ether solvent, followed by aqueous work-up. Note that this reaction is different to that of other C=O compounds which reduce to alcohols (for example esters) The nature of the amine obtained depends on ...
Asymmetric induction
Asymmetric induction (also enantioinduction) in stereochemistry describes the preferential formation in a chemical reaction of one enantiomer or diastereoisomer over the other as a result of the influence of a chiral feature present in the substrate, reagent, catalyst or environment. Asymmetric induction is a key element in asymmetric synthesis.Asymmetric induction was introduced by Hermann Emil Fischer based on his work on carbohydrates. Several types of induction exist.Internal asymmetric induction makes use of a chiral center bound to the reactive center through a covalent bond and remains so during the reaction. The starting material is often derived from chiral pool synthesis. In relayed asymmetric induction the chiral information is introduced in a separate step and removed again in a separate chemical reaction. Special synthons are called chiral auxiliaries. In external asymmetric induction chiral information is introduced in the transition state through a catalyst of chiral ligand. This method of asymmetric synthesis is economically most desirable.