Carbonyl Compounds
... Esters do not have any free OH groups and therefore they are unable to form hydrogen bonds, either with other ester molecules or with water. This means that: the boiling points of esters are lower than the boiling points of carboxylic acids of similar Mr esters are almost insoluble in water Este ...
... Esters do not have any free OH groups and therefore they are unable to form hydrogen bonds, either with other ester molecules or with water. This means that: the boiling points of esters are lower than the boiling points of carboxylic acids of similar Mr esters are almost insoluble in water Este ...
part 1
... Reduction by addition of two hydrogens Three types of reductions: differing in how H2 is added. 1. Simplest reducing agent is molecular H 2. Reductions using H 2 require a metal catalyst. • Used for alkenes or alkynes, less for carbonyl groups 2. Add two protons and two electrons to a substrate—that ...
... Reduction by addition of two hydrogens Three types of reductions: differing in how H2 is added. 1. Simplest reducing agent is molecular H 2. Reductions using H 2 require a metal catalyst. • Used for alkenes or alkynes, less for carbonyl groups 2. Add two protons and two electrons to a substrate—that ...
Reactions of Alkenes Organic Chemistry
... Note: These examples were adapted and revised from General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry textbook (with author: Janice Gorzynski Smith) ...
... Note: These examples were adapted and revised from General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry textbook (with author: Janice Gorzynski Smith) ...
aldehydesketonescarb..
... contain dipole-dipole forces and are able to hydrogen bond. • How does the carboxyl group affect the physical properties of these compounds? • They are weak acids that will ionize slightly in water. • The H on the –OH is the acidic hydrogen and leaves when the acid is ionized. ...
... contain dipole-dipole forces and are able to hydrogen bond. • How does the carboxyl group affect the physical properties of these compounds? • They are weak acids that will ionize slightly in water. • The H on the –OH is the acidic hydrogen and leaves when the acid is ionized. ...
PowerPoint
... methane, with water as a byproduct. The water that is produced can then react with CO in the water-gas shift reaction, equation (2). In addition, both CO and methane can decompose to form carbon as in equations (3) and (4). ...
... methane, with water as a byproduct. The water that is produced can then react with CO in the water-gas shift reaction, equation (2). In addition, both CO and methane can decompose to form carbon as in equations (3) and (4). ...
Reactions Unit Plan
... http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/redox/ho me.html ...
... http://www.chem.iastate.edu/group/Greenbowe/sections/projectfolder/flashfiles/redox/ho me.html ...
Slide 1
... When a nucleophile attacks an unprotonated epoxide, the reaction is a pure SN2 reaction ...
... When a nucleophile attacks an unprotonated epoxide, the reaction is a pure SN2 reaction ...
Microsoft Word - Open Access Repository of Indian Theses
... components. Consequently a variety of approaches have been developed for their asymmetric and racemic synthesis. The chapter starts with the introduction and description of the various literature methods for the synthesis of various functionalized -butyrolactones. The approach towards the synthesis ...
... components. Consequently a variety of approaches have been developed for their asymmetric and racemic synthesis. The chapter starts with the introduction and description of the various literature methods for the synthesis of various functionalized -butyrolactones. The approach towards the synthesis ...
CHM-373 American Women in Science and Society
... Synthesis of Aldehydes and Ketones • Hydration of Alkynes • Involves a keto-enol tautomerization • Mixture of ketones seen with internal alkynes ...
... Synthesis of Aldehydes and Ketones • Hydration of Alkynes • Involves a keto-enol tautomerization • Mixture of ketones seen with internal alkynes ...
Organic Chemistry Syllabus and Course Outline
... of acids and bases, calculating Ka, organic acids and bases 3. Alkanes and Stereochemistry functional groups, isomers, alkyl groups, IUPAC naming rules, common names, properties of alkanes, conformations and Newman projections, fuels and petroleum refining 4. Cycloalkanes and Their Stereochemistry N ...
... of acids and bases, calculating Ka, organic acids and bases 3. Alkanes and Stereochemistry functional groups, isomers, alkyl groups, IUPAC naming rules, common names, properties of alkanes, conformations and Newman projections, fuels and petroleum refining 4. Cycloalkanes and Their Stereochemistry N ...
Nomenclature of Organic Compounds
... b. Two substituents, cite them alphabetically and give the number 1 position to the first substituent. c. Three or more substituents, the substituent given the number 1 is the one that results in a second substituent getting as low a number as possible. ...
... b. Two substituents, cite them alphabetically and give the number 1 position to the first substituent. c. Three or more substituents, the substituent given the number 1 is the one that results in a second substituent getting as low a number as possible. ...
Glossary of Key Terms in Chapter Two
... oxidation (of alcohols) (12.6) the loss of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion; in organic compounds, the gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen; e.g., the conversion of an alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone via the use of an oxidizing agent. phenol (12.7) an organic compound that contains a hydroxyl gr ...
... oxidation (of alcohols) (12.6) the loss of electrons by a molecule, atom, or ion; in organic compounds, the gain of oxygen or loss of hydrogen; e.g., the conversion of an alcohol to an aldehyde or ketone via the use of an oxidizing agent. phenol (12.7) an organic compound that contains a hydroxyl gr ...
Begin Chemical Equations Practice
... • If 58.5 grams of NaCl is decomposed, and 23 grams of Na is formed, how many grams of Cl2 must also be formed? ...
... • If 58.5 grams of NaCl is decomposed, and 23 grams of Na is formed, how many grams of Cl2 must also be formed? ...
Chapter 4: Carbon and Molecular Diversity: KEY
... o geometric isomer: same covalent partnerships, but differ in spatial arrangement o enantiomer: molecules that are mirror images of each other ...
... o geometric isomer: same covalent partnerships, but differ in spatial arrangement o enantiomer: molecules that are mirror images of each other ...
Chapter 13 - WebAssign
... Draw the Lewis structure of formaldehyde. Draw the resonance form of formaldehyde that accounts for its reactivity c) Use arrows to suggest how the HCl might attack formaldehyde. d) Draw the Lewis structure of the reaction product. a) ...
... Draw the Lewis structure of formaldehyde. Draw the resonance form of formaldehyde that accounts for its reactivity c) Use arrows to suggest how the HCl might attack formaldehyde. d) Draw the Lewis structure of the reaction product. a) ...
twelve important naval substances – bonding
... (You are supposed to know the names of straight chain alkanes containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.) C-C single bonds have very limited reactivity. The primary commercial uses of alkanes are as fuels or solvents. Most organic molecules consist of a structural backbone of C-C single bonds and one or ...
... (You are supposed to know the names of straight chain alkanes containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms.) C-C single bonds have very limited reactivity. The primary commercial uses of alkanes are as fuels or solvents. Most organic molecules consist of a structural backbone of C-C single bonds and one or ...
Chapter 19. Aldehydes and Ketones
... Addition yields a hydroxy ether, called a hemiacetal (reversible); further reaction can occur Protonation of the OH and loss of water leads to an oxonium ion, R2C=OR+ to which a second alcohol adds to form the acetal ...
... Addition yields a hydroxy ether, called a hemiacetal (reversible); further reaction can occur Protonation of the OH and loss of water leads to an oxonium ion, R2C=OR+ to which a second alcohol adds to form the acetal ...
Asymmetric induction
Asymmetric induction (also enantioinduction) in stereochemistry describes the preferential formation in a chemical reaction of one enantiomer or diastereoisomer over the other as a result of the influence of a chiral feature present in the substrate, reagent, catalyst or environment. Asymmetric induction is a key element in asymmetric synthesis.Asymmetric induction was introduced by Hermann Emil Fischer based on his work on carbohydrates. Several types of induction exist.Internal asymmetric induction makes use of a chiral center bound to the reactive center through a covalent bond and remains so during the reaction. The starting material is often derived from chiral pool synthesis. In relayed asymmetric induction the chiral information is introduced in a separate step and removed again in a separate chemical reaction. Special synthons are called chiral auxiliaries. In external asymmetric induction chiral information is introduced in the transition state through a catalyst of chiral ligand. This method of asymmetric synthesis is economically most desirable.