Imbalanced tunneling ready states in alcohol dehydrogenase
... reported b-21 EIE (1.28)28 for the conversion from 2-propanol to acetone and that from acetone to protonated acetone (1.19).29 The calculated EIE of 1.52 (= 1.28 1.19) for the conversion from CH–OH to C+–OH is consistent with an sp3 - sp2 process. The a-D 21 EIE at the 4-H/D position of the centra ...
... reported b-21 EIE (1.28)28 for the conversion from 2-propanol to acetone and that from acetone to protonated acetone (1.19).29 The calculated EIE of 1.52 (= 1.28 1.19) for the conversion from CH–OH to C+–OH is consistent with an sp3 - sp2 process. The a-D 21 EIE at the 4-H/D position of the centra ...
Chapter 22 and 23 Study Guide
... notes or help from anyone. You should review homework, quizzes and other assignments for complete test preparation. These questions are only examples. Different chemicals will be on the test. ...
... notes or help from anyone. You should review homework, quizzes and other assignments for complete test preparation. These questions are only examples. Different chemicals will be on the test. ...
15.1 Amines
... transition-metal catalyst. • Reduction of an aldehyde gives a primary alcohol. • Reduction a ketone gives a secondary alcohol. ...
... transition-metal catalyst. • Reduction of an aldehyde gives a primary alcohol. • Reduction a ketone gives a secondary alcohol. ...
Experimental and Computational Evidence of Metal‑O2 Activation
... vacuum so that they could be analyzed later using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). IRMS was carried out on dual-inlet instruments at the University of Waterloo and Johns Hopkins University. Relative pressures and isotope fractionation results were analyzed using the Rayleigh equation: 18O KIE ...
... vacuum so that they could be analyzed later using isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). IRMS was carried out on dual-inlet instruments at the University of Waterloo and Johns Hopkins University. Relative pressures and isotope fractionation results were analyzed using the Rayleigh equation: 18O KIE ...
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
... • alkanes serve as a backbone or template on which unreactive carbon or hydrogen atoms can be replaced by substituents consisting of more reactive atoms or groups of atoms. • A substitient consisting of an atom or group of atoms other than carbons and hydrogens is called a functional group. • Functi ...
... • alkanes serve as a backbone or template on which unreactive carbon or hydrogen atoms can be replaced by substituents consisting of more reactive atoms or groups of atoms. • A substitient consisting of an atom or group of atoms other than carbons and hydrogens is called a functional group. • Functi ...
No Slide Title
... • We will use a 5-step approach: 1. Write the balanced chemical equation. 2. Fill in a table, which we will call an iCe table, with the concentrations of the various species. 3. Write the algebraic expression for the equilibrium constant. 4. Substitute concentrations from the iCe table into the alge ...
... • We will use a 5-step approach: 1. Write the balanced chemical equation. 2. Fill in a table, which we will call an iCe table, with the concentrations of the various species. 3. Write the algebraic expression for the equilibrium constant. 4. Substitute concentrations from the iCe table into the alge ...
Types of Functional Groups Amines
... of carbons takes the root name and the other chains become a substituents located on the N When the three alkyl groups are the same it can be named as a trialkyl amine Ex: trimethyl amine ...
... of carbons takes the root name and the other chains become a substituents located on the N When the three alkyl groups are the same it can be named as a trialkyl amine Ex: trimethyl amine ...
dipole/induced-dipole and dipole/induced
... Induced-dipole/induced-dipole forces are the only intermolecular attractive forces available to nonpolar molecules such as alkanes. In addition to these forces, polar molecules engage in dipole–dipole and dipole/induced-dipole attractions. The dipole–dipole attractive force is easiest to visualize. ...
... Induced-dipole/induced-dipole forces are the only intermolecular attractive forces available to nonpolar molecules such as alkanes. In addition to these forces, polar molecules engage in dipole–dipole and dipole/induced-dipole attractions. The dipole–dipole attractive force is easiest to visualize. ...
101. Alcohols as alkylating agents in heteroarene C H functionalization
... in catalyst reactivity. Ethers, in the form of differentially substituted tetrahydrofurans, are also competent alkylating agents in this dual catalytic platform (42–44, 72–90% yield). In the elimination step, the tetrahydrofuran ring opens to reveal a pendent hydroxyl group. Interestingly, 3-hydroxy ...
... in catalyst reactivity. Ethers, in the form of differentially substituted tetrahydrofurans, are also competent alkylating agents in this dual catalytic platform (42–44, 72–90% yield). In the elimination step, the tetrahydrofuran ring opens to reveal a pendent hydroxyl group. Interestingly, 3-hydroxy ...
Ch04-04-alkenes-2
... Exergonic reaction: early transition state resembles reactants (I). Endergonic reaction: late transition state resembles products (II). ...
... Exergonic reaction: early transition state resembles reactants (I). Endergonic reaction: late transition state resembles products (II). ...
Organic Chemistry Fifth Edition
... Ethers are less dense than water and form the top layer when mixed with water. • Note: Diethyl ether (“ether”) is a good general purpose solvent for extracting non-polar and polar organic compounds from H2O. • Its low boiling pt (35 oC) is ideal for recovering organic solute by evaporation of ether. ...
... Ethers are less dense than water and form the top layer when mixed with water. • Note: Diethyl ether (“ether”) is a good general purpose solvent for extracting non-polar and polar organic compounds from H2O. • Its low boiling pt (35 oC) is ideal for recovering organic solute by evaporation of ether. ...
Sample Midterm 1B
... Fatty acids are Carboxylic acids with long aliphatic chains connected to the acid group. The structure of Elaidic acid and Linolenic acid are shown below. Both acids contain 18 Carbons in the long chain. ...
... Fatty acids are Carboxylic acids with long aliphatic chains connected to the acid group. The structure of Elaidic acid and Linolenic acid are shown below. Both acids contain 18 Carbons in the long chain. ...
answers to part a of the national high school
... The notes have been prepared in order to give students (and teachers) some indication of the sort of things that the National Examiner expects high school students to know - and what topics might appear on future exams. Unless otherwise stated, the National High School Chemistry Examination is based ...
... The notes have been prepared in order to give students (and teachers) some indication of the sort of things that the National Examiner expects high school students to know - and what topics might appear on future exams. Unless otherwise stated, the National High School Chemistry Examination is based ...
PDF document
... above all in carbon-carbon bond formation, mainly through metal catalysed coupling reactions. In addition, many iodinated aromatic derivatives are used in medicine as drugs or diagnostic aids, contrasting agents, and radioactively labelled markers. The chemistry dealing with selective iodination of ...
... above all in carbon-carbon bond formation, mainly through metal catalysed coupling reactions. In addition, many iodinated aromatic derivatives are used in medicine as drugs or diagnostic aids, contrasting agents, and radioactively labelled markers. The chemistry dealing with selective iodination of ...
Alkynes - IIT Portal.com
... The equilibrium constant for ionization of acetylene is greater than that of ethylene because an electron pair in an orbital with 50 percent s character (sp) is more strongly bound than an electron pair in an orbital with 33% s character (sp2). Terminal alkynes (R – C == CH) are similar to acetylene ...
... The equilibrium constant for ionization of acetylene is greater than that of ethylene because an electron pair in an orbital with 50 percent s character (sp) is more strongly bound than an electron pair in an orbital with 33% s character (sp2). Terminal alkynes (R – C == CH) are similar to acetylene ...
unit 4: chemical reaction rates
... Scientists discovered that by simply determining the mass of the substance, it was possible to count particles or atoms. A mole (mol) is the amount of a pure substance that contains the same amount of chemical units as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon, namely 12. In order to avoid confu ...
... Scientists discovered that by simply determining the mass of the substance, it was possible to count particles or atoms. A mole (mol) is the amount of a pure substance that contains the same amount of chemical units as there are atoms in exactly 12 grams of carbon, namely 12. In order to avoid confu ...
CHEMISTRY 212 EXAM 2 Friday, February 13, 2004 Answer Key 1
... 16. (4) Which of the following is the best method of preparing meta-nitrobenzoic acid from benzene? a) CH3Cl with AlCl3; then KMnO4; then HNO3 / H2SO4 b) CH3Cl with AlCl3; then HNO3 / H2SO4; then KMnO4 c) HNO3 / H2SO4; then KMnO4; then CH3Cl with AlCl3 d) HNO3 / H2SO4; then CH3Cl with AlCl3; then KM ...
... 16. (4) Which of the following is the best method of preparing meta-nitrobenzoic acid from benzene? a) CH3Cl with AlCl3; then KMnO4; then HNO3 / H2SO4 b) CH3Cl with AlCl3; then HNO3 / H2SO4; then KMnO4 c) HNO3 / H2SO4; then KMnO4; then CH3Cl with AlCl3 d) HNO3 / H2SO4; then CH3Cl with AlCl3; then KM ...
Organic Chemistry : Ch. 19
... found in crude oil and can also by synthesized by chemical reactions. Hydrocarbons with only single bonds are termed “saturated” hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons with a double or triple bond are called “unsaturated” hydrocarbons. ...
... found in crude oil and can also by synthesized by chemical reactions. Hydrocarbons with only single bonds are termed “saturated” hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons with a double or triple bond are called “unsaturated” hydrocarbons. ...
File
... It is split in a large way by its two CH2 neighbors (7 Hz, splitting first level into a triplet), and in a smaller way by the aldehyde H (2 Hz, splitting second level into a doublet). This results in a triplet of doublets. Page 1 ...
... It is split in a large way by its two CH2 neighbors (7 Hz, splitting first level into a triplet), and in a smaller way by the aldehyde H (2 Hz, splitting second level into a doublet). This results in a triplet of doublets. Page 1 ...
File
... In the IUPAC system, alcohols are identified by the suffix -ol. To name an alcohol: • Find the longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group. • Number the carbon chain to give the OH group the lower number, and apply all other rules of ...
... In the IUPAC system, alcohols are identified by the suffix -ol. To name an alcohol: • Find the longest carbon chain containing the carbon bonded to the OH group. • Number the carbon chain to give the OH group the lower number, and apply all other rules of ...
Chapter 4 Study Guide
... a. the total number of carbons in the ring becomes the parent name with the word bicyclo in front. b. the carbons where the rings are fused are called bridgehead carbons. c. the carbons between the bridgeheads are called bridges d. between bicyclo and the parent name is inserted in brackets the numb ...
... a. the total number of carbons in the ring becomes the parent name with the word bicyclo in front. b. the carbons where the rings are fused are called bridgehead carbons. c. the carbons between the bridgeheads are called bridges d. between bicyclo and the parent name is inserted in brackets the numb ...
DRAFT AP® CHEMISTRY 2005 SCORING GUIDELINES
... Award consistency points for [H+] consistent with [C3H5O2-]. I would like to see 1 point moved here (perhaps from d). There is a lot here for just one point but that’s the case with all this problem. Students have to find the molar mass and the number of moles. In the interest of front loading the q ...
... Award consistency points for [H+] consistent with [C3H5O2-]. I would like to see 1 point moved here (perhaps from d). There is a lot here for just one point but that’s the case with all this problem. Students have to find the molar mass and the number of moles. In the interest of front loading the q ...
Aluminum and Copper
... 2. Bubbles of gas are often observed in the reaction of aluminum with copper(II) chloride in aqueous solution. (a) What is the gas produced? (b) Write an equation for the formation of the gas from aluminum and water. (c) How would this side reaction affect the experimental mole ratio for the amou ...
... 2. Bubbles of gas are often observed in the reaction of aluminum with copper(II) chloride in aqueous solution. (a) What is the gas produced? (b) Write an equation for the formation of the gas from aluminum and water. (c) How would this side reaction affect the experimental mole ratio for the amou ...
Strychnine total synthesis
Strychnine total synthesis in chemistry describes the total synthesis of the complex biomolecule strychnine. The first reported method by the group of Robert Burns Woodward in 1954 is considered a classic in this research field. At the time it formed the natural conclusion to an elaborate process of molecular structure elucidation that started with the isolation of strychnine from the beans of Strychnos ignatii by Pierre Joseph Pelletier and Joseph Bienaimé Caventou in 1818. Major contributors to the entire effort were Sir Robert Robinson with over 250 publications and Hermann Leuchs with another 125 papers in a time span of 40 years. Robinson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1947 for his work on alkaloids, strychnine included. The process of chemical identification was completed with publications in 1946 by Robinson and later confirmed by Woodward in 1947. X-ray structures establishing the absolute configuration became available between 1947 and 1951 with publications from J. M. Bijvoet and J.H. Robertson .Woodward published a very brief account on the strychnine synthesis in 1954 (just 3 pages) and a lengthy one (42 pages) in 1963.Many more methods exist and reported by the research groups of Magnus, Overman, Kuehne, Rawal, Bosch, Vollhardt, Mori, Shibasaki, Li, Fukuyama Vanderwal and MacMillan. Synthetic (+)-strychnine is also known. Racemic synthesises were published by Padwa in 2007 and in 2010 by Andrade and by Reissig.In his 1963 publication Woodward quoted Sir Robert Robinson who said for its molecular size it is the most complex substance known.