• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene over
Selective Hydrogenation of Acetylene over

... This may suggest that hydrogen and acetylene require different adsorption sites at low temperature. In this connection, it is worth noting that UPS results suggest that for Pd above 100 K hydrogen adsorbs below the first layer of metal atoms.1° The U P spectrum taken at 150 K (Figure 2) yields a maj ...
Recent advances in homogeneous nickel catalysis
Recent advances in homogeneous nickel catalysis

... Likewise, Ni(0)/Ni(II) catalytic cycles are widespread, but the easy accessibility of Ni(I) and Ni(III) oxidation states allows different modes of reactivity and radical mechanisms. As a result, many transformations are based on Ni(I)/Ni(III), Ni(0)/Ni(II)/Ni(I), or even cycles in which nickel remai ...
top organomet chem-2006-19-207 pauson
top organomet chem-2006-19-207 pauson

... (Scheme 4) [25]. Substitution at the double bond is restricted as disubstituted olefins usually fail to react. The idea that alkenes possessing electron-withdrawing groups are not adequate substrates for Pauson–Khand reactions has in recent years turned out not to be precise. Carretero has reported s ...
Novel Synthesis of Schiff bases Bearing Glucosamine Moiety
Novel Synthesis of Schiff bases Bearing Glucosamine Moiety

Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science
Proceedings of the Indiana Academy of Science

... inexpensive and non-corrosive chemicals, be capable of rapid completion, and ...
Synthetic Applications of Zinc Borohydride
Synthetic Applications of Zinc Borohydride

C-OH
C-OH

... functional group of an amine is an amino group - a nitrogen atom bonded to one, two or three carbon atoms  Really just ammonia, NH3, with one, two or three hydrogens replaced by a bond to a carbon atom ...
Short Communication
Short Communication

Chem 401 Lab Exercise #5 Nomenclature Worksheet for Alkanes
Chem 401 Lab Exercise #5 Nomenclature Worksheet for Alkanes

... the name becomes -ol. Also note, that for alcohols with a hydrocarbon chain of 3 or longer, the position of the -OH group must be specified. The ethers are more complex (don’t worry about naming them now), but do you see the C-O-C linkage? This is the hallmark of an ether group. O ...
Test 1 Pre test
Test 1 Pre test

... Which of the following statements regarding the third law of thermodynamics is incorrect? The absolute S is zero at 0 Kelvin. The absolute S at 298 K can be positive or negative. ...
Course Notes
Course Notes

... • The equilibria for ionization of the weak acids removes hydrogen ions as HCO3- and HSiO3- are produced since the dissociation constant is invariant. • In most natural groundwater systems, pH increases along the flow path as minerals are dissolved. ...
Durham Research Online
Durham Research Online

... compared with use of PMe3, something attributed to the destabilisation of the initial dimethyl phosphine complex.13 An analogous computational study by Maseras and co-workers explored R–R (R = Me, Ph, vinyl) coupling reactions from cis-[PdR2(L)(PMe3)] complexes via reductive elimination, where L is ...
Aldehydes And Ketones
Aldehydes And Ketones

IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) e-ISSN: 2278-5736.
IOSR Journal of Applied Chemistry (IOSR-JAC) e-ISSN: 2278-5736.

... hydroxyl radicals. de Mayo et al.[5] used CdS supported on a solid surface for catalysis.A kinetic study of photoinduced electron transfer reactions sensitized by colloidal CdS has been reported by Green and Mills [6]. Yoneyamaet al.[7] discussed various factors affecting the product distribution in ...
Chapter 3 Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation by Heterogeneous
Chapter 3 Secondary Organic Aerosol Formation by Heterogeneous

... involved to some extent in formation of SOA, uncertainty remains as to the likely aerosol-phase chemical reactions involving absorbed gas-phase organic compounds. The reactive uptake mechanism for relatively small, volatile organic compounds (short-chain aldehydes and ketones) is not well understood ...
Protection (and Deprotection) of Functional Groups in Organic
Protection (and Deprotection) of Functional Groups in Organic

... interest to petrochemical industry was more recently extended to synthetic organic chemistry for production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals.3 Among the first reactions performed under heterogeneous catalysis are the hydrogenations and, in general, the redox processes which are extensively appl ...
Diphenylamido Precursors to Bisalkoxide Molybdenum Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Amritanshu Sinha, Richard R. Schrock,*
Diphenylamido Precursors to Bisalkoxide Molybdenum Olefin Metathesis Catalysts Amritanshu Sinha, Richard R. Schrock,*

... The amido nitrogen atoms are essentially planar, as expected, and the two amido planes are virtually perpendicular to one another, as in Mo(NAr)(CHCMe2Ph)[BINA(N-i-Pr)2]. Therefore the lone pairs from both amido nitrogens can be donated to the metal, and the total electron count at the metal can be ...
Organic for Chem II
Organic for Chem II

... Alkanes and Cycloalkanes Have no Functional Groups Compounds that contain only C and H and only single bonds are called either alkanes or, if the C’s form rings, cycloalkanes. They have no functional groups. cyclohexane, a cycloalkane hexane, a straight chain alkane formula C6H14 ...
Chem 2423-Test 2 - HCC Learning Web
Chem 2423-Test 2 - HCC Learning Web

Synthesis and DNA-Binding of Transition Metal Complexes with 3,4
Synthesis and DNA-Binding of Transition Metal Complexes with 3,4

... the ∆ values fall in the range of 174-156 cm-1, indicating a bidentate coordination mode of the carboxylato group17. Abroad band in the range of 3442-3415 cm-1 shows that water molecules is existed in the complexes. Two absorption band at around 931-927 cm-1 attributed to HOH stretching and at 616-6 ...
Microsoft Word - Ch1201FA06Final
Microsoft Word - Ch1201FA06Final

... Example : Find the dominant force type write do not mix CH3 OH CH3OH hydrogen CH3OH HF hydrogen bond H2O HI polar C6H6 CF4 dispersion NaCl NH3 ion-dipole C10H22 H2O do not mix ...
Full-Text PDF
Full-Text PDF

... mol % of tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) triflate was able to efficiently catalyze the transformation of  phenol 1 to the corresponding phenyl acetate 2 in 3 min and in quantitative yield.  the model substrate and acetic anhydride (4 equivalents) as the acetylation agent, we found that 1  the model  ...
ppt
ppt

... 22.12: Reaction of Amines with Alkyl Halides. Amines react with alkyl halides and tosylates by nucleophilic substitution (SN2). Products from multiple alkylation often results. 22.13: The Hoffmann Elimination. 1° amine react with excess methyl iodide yield quarternary (4°) ammonium salts. E2 elimin ...
104 Chapter 22: Amines. Organic derivatives of ammonia, NH3
104 Chapter 22: Amines. Organic derivatives of ammonia, NH3

... 22.12: Reaction of Amines with Alkyl Halides. Amines react with alkyl halides and tosylates by nucleophilic substitution (SN2). Products from multiple alkylation often results. 22.13: The Hoffmann Elimination. 1° amine react with excess methyl iodide yield quarternary (4°) ammonium salts. E2 elimin ...
Ppt08(Wk12)TM IV-Isomerism_S16
Ppt08(Wk12)TM IV-Isomerism_S16

... Two Families of Stereoisomer • In both, all bonds are the same, but something is different about the relative positions of the atoms in space • Geometric: not mirror images – Relative spatial position of atoms is different – Cis-trans, or other “geometric” isomer ...
< 1 ... 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 ... 359 >

Hydroformylation



Hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an important homogeneously catalyzed industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes. This chemical reaction entails the addition of a formyl group (CHO) and a hydrogen atom to a carbon-carbon double bond. This process has undergone continuous growth since its invention in 1938: Production capacity reached 6.6×106 tons in 1995. It is important because the resulting aldehydes are easily converted into many secondary products. For example, the resulting aldehydes are hydrogenated to alcohols that are converted to plasticizers or detergents. Hydroformylation is also used in specialty chemicals, relevant to the organic synthesis of fragrances and natural products. The development of hydroformylation, which originated within the German coal-based industry, is considered one of the premier achievements of 20th-century industrial chemistry.The process typically entails treatment of an alkene with high pressures (between 10 to 100 atmospheres) of carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures between 40 and 200 °C. Transition metal catalysts are required.
  • studyres.com © 2025
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report