Topic 10 IB Chemistry Definitions
... A reaction in which the reactant is added across a C=C bond, converting it to a C-C bond. Addition reactions with water requires an H2SO4 catalyst. Addition reactions with hydrogen use Ni as catalyst. ...
... A reaction in which the reactant is added across a C=C bond, converting it to a C-C bond. Addition reactions with water requires an H2SO4 catalyst. Addition reactions with hydrogen use Ni as catalyst. ...
Gas Chromatography: Analyzing Alkene Isomers David L. Flanigan
... the E1 mechanism. In order for the elimination to occur a good leaving group and a base sufficiently strong enough to remove a β-proton must be present. The hydroxyl group is not a good leaving group. To enhance its leaving potential it must be transformed into a good leaving group. This is accompli ...
... the E1 mechanism. In order for the elimination to occur a good leaving group and a base sufficiently strong enough to remove a β-proton must be present. The hydroxyl group is not a good leaving group. To enhance its leaving potential it must be transformed into a good leaving group. This is accompli ...
136KB - NZQA
... Two products are formed in this reaction because propene is an asymmetric alkene. When another asymmetric molecule such as hydrogen chloride, HCl, is added to it, there are two possible products. One product is produced in greater quantities (the major product) than the other (minor product). The ru ...
... Two products are formed in this reaction because propene is an asymmetric alkene. When another asymmetric molecule such as hydrogen chloride, HCl, is added to it, there are two possible products. One product is produced in greater quantities (the major product) than the other (minor product). The ru ...
Nomenclature Summary
... 5. Name substituents as with alkanes 6. In cyclic system number the carbons of the double bond as 1 and 2. IUPAC SYSTEM OF NAMING CARBOXYLIC ACIDS Select the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms which contains the carbon bearing the carboxylic group. 2. Change the ending to –oic from the –ane of ...
... 5. Name substituents as with alkanes 6. In cyclic system number the carbons of the double bond as 1 and 2. IUPAC SYSTEM OF NAMING CARBOXYLIC ACIDS Select the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms which contains the carbon bearing the carboxylic group. 2. Change the ending to –oic from the –ane of ...
World of Carbon Flashcards
... three of its four outer electrons to form covalent bonds to the two neighbouring carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom, producing a planar, hexagonal ring. This leaves a ’spare’ electron on each carbon atom. These electrons are able to move from atom to atom around the ring. ...
... three of its four outer electrons to form covalent bonds to the two neighbouring carbon atoms and one hydrogen atom, producing a planar, hexagonal ring. This leaves a ’spare’ electron on each carbon atom. These electrons are able to move from atom to atom around the ring. ...
Ch 12- 13 - Phillips Scientific Methods
... acid and name product. 2. Show the 2 step mechanism of 2methyl-1-pentene with hydrobromic acid. Name product 3. Show the 2 step mechanism of ethylcyclohexene with hydroiodic acid. Name product. ...
... acid and name product. 2. Show the 2 step mechanism of 2methyl-1-pentene with hydrobromic acid. Name product 3. Show the 2 step mechanism of ethylcyclohexene with hydroiodic acid. Name product. ...
Unit 3: Reactions of Alkenes. Thermodynamics and Kinetics
... • Electron-rich atoms or molecules are attracted to electron-deficient atoms or molecules • Nucleophile: an electron-rich atom or molecule • Electrophile: an electron-deficient atom or molecule • A nucleophile and an electrophile react with each other ...
... • Electron-rich atoms or molecules are attracted to electron-deficient atoms or molecules • Nucleophile: an electron-rich atom or molecule • Electrophile: an electron-deficient atom or molecule • A nucleophile and an electrophile react with each other ...
CHE 322
... 3. (8) Give the complete mechanism that shows why the reaction of butanal with a cyclic 2° amine followed by heating with acid produces an enamine that is nucleophilic at butanal’s former α-carbon. ...
... 3. (8) Give the complete mechanism that shows why the reaction of butanal with a cyclic 2° amine followed by heating with acid produces an enamine that is nucleophilic at butanal’s former α-carbon. ...
Experiment 4- Alkene
... (ii) Reactions of Alkenes Alkenes, containing a site of unsaturation, undergo electrophilic addition reactions with several reagents such as halogens, oxidizing agents, and sulfuric, halogen, and hypohalous acids. In particular, bromine and oxidizing agents such as permanganate are widely used in qu ...
... (ii) Reactions of Alkenes Alkenes, containing a site of unsaturation, undergo electrophilic addition reactions with several reagents such as halogens, oxidizing agents, and sulfuric, halogen, and hypohalous acids. In particular, bromine and oxidizing agents such as permanganate are widely used in qu ...
Nomenclature - Clydebank High School
... Benzene is the simplest aromatic compound – C6 H6 Each carbon has 3 ½ filled electron clouds which bond with the nearest atom – delocalised electrons. When we replace one of the H atoms with another group we have a phenyl group C6 H5 Examples C6H5 – CH3 = methyl benzene (Toluene) C6H5 – OH = Phenol ...
... Benzene is the simplest aromatic compound – C6 H6 Each carbon has 3 ½ filled electron clouds which bond with the nearest atom – delocalised electrons. When we replace one of the H atoms with another group we have a phenyl group C6 H5 Examples C6H5 – CH3 = methyl benzene (Toluene) C6H5 – OH = Phenol ...
Things to remember in the last hour before the exam: Level 1 Carbon
... o Cooler as you go up, smaller molecules condense higher up as they have lower boiling points o Coolest at the top, gases (C1-4) collected at top – they have the lowest boiling points which is why they don’t condense (stay as gases). Cracking. Process using heat and/or catalyst to break long less us ...
... o Cooler as you go up, smaller molecules condense higher up as they have lower boiling points o Coolest at the top, gases (C1-4) collected at top – they have the lowest boiling points which is why they don’t condense (stay as gases). Cracking. Process using heat and/or catalyst to break long less us ...
... showed that the amino acid ligand shown is critical for high conversion. Instructively, hexafluorobenzene is preferred to toluene to avoid competing olefination of the solvent. In general, yields were higher with electron-rich arenes (R1 = Me, OMe) compared to electron-poor ones (R1 = Hal, CF3). The ...
Organometallic Reagents: Sources of Nucleophilic Carbon for
... atom, R:-, instead of a hydride ion, both an alcohol and a new carbon-carbon bond would be formed. The class of compounds called organometallic reagents are strong bases and good nucleophiles and are useful in this kind of synthesis. ...
... atom, R:-, instead of a hydride ion, both an alcohol and a new carbon-carbon bond would be formed. The class of compounds called organometallic reagents are strong bases and good nucleophiles and are useful in this kind of synthesis. ...
C. Branched Chains and Substitute Groups
... electrons with other atoms (including itself) to make four stable covalent bonds. -Most common partners are hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. -Hydrocarbons are a group which have only carbon and hydrogen. These are what we use as fuel because of the huge amount of energy stored in these bonds. Living ...
... electrons with other atoms (including itself) to make four stable covalent bonds. -Most common partners are hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. -Hydrocarbons are a group which have only carbon and hydrogen. These are what we use as fuel because of the huge amount of energy stored in these bonds. Living ...
Wade slides Chapter 7
... • Depending on the stereochemistry of the alkyl halide, the E2 elimination may produce only the cis or only the trans isomer. • The geometry of the product will depend on the anticoplanar relationship between the proton and the leaving group. Chapter 7 ...
... • Depending on the stereochemistry of the alkyl halide, the E2 elimination may produce only the cis or only the trans isomer. • The geometry of the product will depend on the anticoplanar relationship between the proton and the leaving group. Chapter 7 ...
Organic and Biochemical Molecules 1. Compounds composed of
... be more soluble in water. The methanol molecule would be the next in line for most soluble. The smaller the “R-chain” the greater the extent of solubility. Remember that because the Rchain is nonpolar, it, on its own, would not mix very well with water. The strong electronegativity of the oxygen ato ...
... be more soluble in water. The methanol molecule would be the next in line for most soluble. The smaller the “R-chain” the greater the extent of solubility. Remember that because the Rchain is nonpolar, it, on its own, would not mix very well with water. The strong electronegativity of the oxygen ato ...
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons I : Alkenes
... of the chain, the nearest substituent rule is used to determine the end where numbering starts. 4. In cycloalkenes the double bond carbons are assigned ring locations C1 and C2. Which of the two is C1 may be determined by the nearest substituent rule. 5. Substituent groups containing double bonds ar ...
... of the chain, the nearest substituent rule is used to determine the end where numbering starts. 4. In cycloalkenes the double bond carbons are assigned ring locations C1 and C2. Which of the two is C1 may be determined by the nearest substituent rule. 5. Substituent groups containing double bonds ar ...
Alkene
In organic chemistry, an alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon–carbon double bond. Alkene, olefin, and olefine are used often interchangeably (see nomenclature section below). Acyclic alkenes, with only one double bond and no other functional groups, known as mono-enes, form a homologous series of hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n. Alkenes have two hydrogen atoms less than the corresponding alkane (with the same number of carbon atoms). The simplest alkene, ethylene (C2H4), which has the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) name ethene is the organic compound produced on the largest scale industrially. Aromatic compounds are often drawn as cyclic alkenes, but their structure and properties are different and they are not considered to be alkenes.