Reticular Formation
... Reticular Activating System Relatively non-specific Sensory modalities are merged in a polysynaptic pathway Only provides a vague awareness of any particular sensory modality Results in cortical stimulation with profound effects on: levels of Consciousness and Alerting reactions to sensory s ...
... Reticular Activating System Relatively non-specific Sensory modalities are merged in a polysynaptic pathway Only provides a vague awareness of any particular sensory modality Results in cortical stimulation with profound effects on: levels of Consciousness and Alerting reactions to sensory s ...
Neurophysiological and Computational Principles of Cortical
... task, rat shuttles back and forth along a linear track between food rewards contained in cups attached to movable walls. Middle: color-coded firing field of a place cell created from multiple runs in the eastward direction. Bottom: EEG theta rhythm and place cell firing (in red) for the same cell on ...
... task, rat shuttles back and forth along a linear track between food rewards contained in cups attached to movable walls. Middle: color-coded firing field of a place cell created from multiple runs in the eastward direction. Bottom: EEG theta rhythm and place cell firing (in red) for the same cell on ...
Neural circuits underlying the generation of theta oscillations
... through targeted lidocaine (Koenig et al., 2011; Mizumori et al., 1990; Winson, 1978) or muscimol (Bland et al., 1996; Brandon et al., 2011) injection, leads to complete suppression of the theta oscillations. However, while i.p. injection of the muscarinic antagonist, atropine (Bradley and Nicholson ...
... through targeted lidocaine (Koenig et al., 2011; Mizumori et al., 1990; Winson, 1978) or muscimol (Bland et al., 1996; Brandon et al., 2011) injection, leads to complete suppression of the theta oscillations. However, while i.p. injection of the muscarinic antagonist, atropine (Bradley and Nicholson ...
A Cortical Substrate for Memory
... its nose in the center port, and remain there until the LED was turned off. During this variable-duration ‘‘nose fixation’’ or ‘‘nose-in-center’’ period, a 300 ms-long periodic train of auditory clicks was played. Click rates higher than 50 clicks/s indicated that a water reward would be available f ...
... its nose in the center port, and remain there until the LED was turned off. During this variable-duration ‘‘nose fixation’’ or ‘‘nose-in-center’’ period, a 300 ms-long periodic train of auditory clicks was played. Click rates higher than 50 clicks/s indicated that a water reward would be available f ...
Downloadable Full Text - DSpace@MIT
... The functional roles of VTA dopamine (DA) neurons have received great attention because they are the primary source of DA in target structures such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc), which play important roles in a broad range of motivated behaviors and neuropsychiat ...
... The functional roles of VTA dopamine (DA) neurons have received great attention because they are the primary source of DA in target structures such as the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and nucleus accumbens (NAc), which play important roles in a broad range of motivated behaviors and neuropsychiat ...
Principles of Neural Science - Weizmann Institute of Science
... information from the different sensory systems. These sensory representations are the framework in which the motor systems plan, coordinate, and execute the motor programs responsible for purposeful movement. In this part of the book we shall learn how the motor systems of the brain and spinal cord ...
... information from the different sensory systems. These sensory representations are the framework in which the motor systems plan, coordinate, and execute the motor programs responsible for purposeful movement. In this part of the book we shall learn how the motor systems of the brain and spinal cord ...
DEPARTAMENT DE FARMACOLOGIA, DE TERAPÈUTICA I DE TOXICOLOGIA
... 1.2.1. Mechanism of action ........................................................22 1.2.2. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism ...................................24 1.2.3. Desired effects .................................................................25 1.2.4. Acute adverse effects ................. ...
... 1.2.1. Mechanism of action ........................................................22 1.2.2. Pharmacokinetics and metabolism ...................................24 1.2.3. Desired effects .................................................................25 1.2.4. Acute adverse effects ................. ...
View/Open - Minerva Access
... My research was made possible by the financial support I received from my Australian Postgraduate Award, an Australian Research Council Discovery Project, and the Australian Federal and Victorian State Governments and the Australian Research Council through the ICT Centre of Excellence program, Nati ...
... My research was made possible by the financial support I received from my Australian Postgraduate Award, an Australian Research Council Discovery Project, and the Australian Federal and Victorian State Governments and the Australian Research Council through the ICT Centre of Excellence program, Nati ...
Sprecher_2011_larval.. - Institute of Neuroinformatics
... located in the eye. Upon perception of light the PRs will send a signal to target neurons, which represent a first station of visual processing. Increasing complexity of visual processing stems from the number of distinct PR subtypes and their various types of target neurons that are contacted. The v ...
... located in the eye. Upon perception of light the PRs will send a signal to target neurons, which represent a first station of visual processing. Increasing complexity of visual processing stems from the number of distinct PR subtypes and their various types of target neurons that are contacted. The v ...
The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance
... fear could not be conclusively established. In fact, in humans, behavioral and physiological responses are poorly correlated with subjective states.7,94,95 If feelings of fear do not correlate with other indicators in humans, why should they in rats? Fear theory was predestined to wind up in an intr ...
... fear could not be conclusively established. In fact, in humans, behavioral and physiological responses are poorly correlated with subjective states.7,94,95 If feelings of fear do not correlate with other indicators in humans, why should they in rats? Fear theory was predestined to wind up in an intr ...
The birth, death and resurrection of avoidance: a
... fear could not be conclusively established. In fact, in humans, behavioral and physiological responses are poorly correlated with subjective states.7,94,95 If feelings of fear do not correlate with other indicators in humans, why should they in rats? Fear theory was predestined to wind up in an intr ...
... fear could not be conclusively established. In fact, in humans, behavioral and physiological responses are poorly correlated with subjective states.7,94,95 If feelings of fear do not correlate with other indicators in humans, why should they in rats? Fear theory was predestined to wind up in an intr ...
Chapter 29 - krigolson teaching
... representation of the entire visual scene from a series of visual fixations across the scene and that what we see is this summed representation of the visual world. If that were so, we should have detailed knowledge of the entire visual scene at any given instant. A series of experiments on change b ...
... representation of the entire visual scene from a series of visual fixations across the scene and that what we see is this summed representation of the visual world. If that were so, we should have detailed knowledge of the entire visual scene at any given instant. A series of experiments on change b ...
THESIS D - Krishikosh
... and well wishes, I want to preserve a special love for my relatives and well wishers, which enable me to complete the entire research program successfully. I would always remember the invaluable help, active cooperation and constant inspiration of my wife Dr. Sanjivani and my lovely son Arjun who ma ...
... and well wishes, I want to preserve a special love for my relatives and well wishers, which enable me to complete the entire research program successfully. I would always remember the invaluable help, active cooperation and constant inspiration of my wife Dr. Sanjivani and my lovely son Arjun who ma ...
NUCLEI-SPECIFIC RESPONSE TO PAIN IN THE BED NUCLEUS OF THE By
... The advancement of imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography allow for clear observation of brain regions that are activated in response to pain. Various human brainimaging studies have examined cortical areas involved in acute pain processing ...
... The advancement of imaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography allow for clear observation of brain regions that are activated in response to pain. Various human brainimaging studies have examined cortical areas involved in acute pain processing ...
Mapping From Motor Cortex to Biceps and Triceps Altered By Elbow
... complex movements. These movements were reliable and could even be evoked under anesthesia. Two general observations emerged from this stimulation study. First, stimulation of each site caused the relevant joints to move in a goal-directed fashion into a specific final posture regardless of the init ...
... complex movements. These movements were reliable and could even be evoked under anesthesia. Two general observations emerged from this stimulation study. First, stimulation of each site caused the relevant joints to move in a goal-directed fashion into a specific final posture regardless of the init ...
download file
... continuously to adapt to environmental demands or endogenous changes (such as peripheral lesions). The plasticity of the nervous system has been refined over millions of years and expression of neural plasticity leads to outcomes that depend on many factors such as the nature of the experience, moti ...
... continuously to adapt to environmental demands or endogenous changes (such as peripheral lesions). The plasticity of the nervous system has been refined over millions of years and expression of neural plasticity leads to outcomes that depend on many factors such as the nature of the experience, moti ...
C:\Vision\15Higher level Pt 2.wpd
... related to vision. Third, nuclear chemistry has allowed the tracking of certain chemicals through the complicated steps involved in powering the neural network. The work accomplished during the last decade of the 20th Century has had a profound impact on our knowledge of how the neural system works. ...
... related to vision. Third, nuclear chemistry has allowed the tracking of certain chemicals through the complicated steps involved in powering the neural network. The work accomplished during the last decade of the 20th Century has had a profound impact on our knowledge of how the neural system works. ...
The role of eyes in early face processing: A rapid adaptation study of
... According to the OSH, larger adaptation effects should be found for inverted than upright adaptors regardless of the category. Thus, in response to S2, a decreased activation should be found for inverted compared to upright adaptors, for each adaptor category tested: houses, mouths, eyes, faces, eye ...
... According to the OSH, larger adaptation effects should be found for inverted than upright adaptors regardless of the category. Thus, in response to S2, a decreased activation should be found for inverted compared to upright adaptors, for each adaptor category tested: houses, mouths, eyes, faces, eye ...
MECHANISMS OF CENTRAL TRANSMISSION OF RESPIRATORY
... reflexes as in the example of Fig. 3. Here during the inhibition caused by blood pressure increase the activity d one single expiratory neuron js separated by electronic means from the background activity recorded with the same electrode. As can be seen the single neuron activity runs closely parall ...
... reflexes as in the example of Fig. 3. Here during the inhibition caused by blood pressure increase the activity d one single expiratory neuron js separated by electronic means from the background activity recorded with the same electrode. As can be seen the single neuron activity runs closely parall ...
Increased Mesolimbic GABA Concentration Blocks Heroin Self
... (Groenewegen and Russchen, 1984; Kalivas et al., 1993) and terminate principally in the ventral pallidum (VP) and the VTA (Mogenson and Nielson, 1983), two critical areas in mediating opiate reinforcement, we hypothesize that, similar to the VTA, opiates also inhibit NAcc GABAergic projection cells ...
... (Groenewegen and Russchen, 1984; Kalivas et al., 1993) and terminate principally in the ventral pallidum (VP) and the VTA (Mogenson and Nielson, 1983), two critical areas in mediating opiate reinforcement, we hypothesize that, similar to the VTA, opiates also inhibit NAcc GABAergic projection cells ...
Searching for Arthur Koestler`s Holons – a systemstheoretical
... the refined version of this component at the next lower level. In this case components of a certain level in a multi-strata model have a “Janus face” in the sense of Arthur Koestler. The question is, whether the necessary additional features of components of this kind can be found, such that they ca ...
... the refined version of this component at the next lower level. In this case components of a certain level in a multi-strata model have a “Janus face” in the sense of Arthur Koestler. The question is, whether the necessary additional features of components of this kind can be found, such that they ca ...
Alzheimer-like neurodegeneration in aged antinerve growth factor
... of the central nervous system innervated by the magnocellular BFCNs (4). NGF promotes the differentiation of BFCNs (5), ameliorates lesion-induced abnormalities in these cells (6), and reverses atrophy of BFCNs (7) and spatial memory impairments in aged rats (8–10). A decline in the integrity of the ...
... of the central nervous system innervated by the magnocellular BFCNs (4). NGF promotes the differentiation of BFCNs (5), ameliorates lesion-induced abnormalities in these cells (6), and reverses atrophy of BFCNs (7) and spatial memory impairments in aged rats (8–10). A decline in the integrity of the ...
Axonal Dopamine Receptors Activate Peripheral Spike
... the sample; therefore, paired t tests for statistical significance were performed on the cycle periods. For quantification, cycle frequencies or periods were always plotted first over time. Time stretches of several minutes in which the range of values did not change visibly were assumed to represen ...
... the sample; therefore, paired t tests for statistical significance were performed on the cycle periods. For quantification, cycle frequencies or periods were always plotted first over time. Time stretches of several minutes in which the range of values did not change visibly were assumed to represen ...
Reaching beyond the classical receptive field of V1 neurons
... stimuli [66,73]. However, using the same stimulus configuration, a variety of other kinds of interactions, facilitatory or suppressive, although less frequently observed, have also been reported [16]. On the other hand, studies using concentric drifting gratings of similar orientation (Fig. 1c right) ...
... stimuli [66,73]. However, using the same stimulus configuration, a variety of other kinds of interactions, facilitatory or suppressive, although less frequently observed, have also been reported [16]. On the other hand, studies using concentric drifting gratings of similar orientation (Fig. 1c right) ...