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Chapter 54: The Nervous System
Chapter 54: The Nervous System

... biologist to study. Their ecology is closely tied to the environment, and their reptilian biology offers an interesting contrast to that of mammals like ourselves. Studies of alligator development offer powerful general lessons well worthy of our attention. In no area of biology is this more true th ...
Synchronization and coordination of sequences in two neural
Synchronization and coordination of sequences in two neural

... 共Received 12 August 2004; published 21 June 2005兲 There are many types of neural networks involved in the sequential motor behavior of animals. For high species, the control and coordination of the network dynamics is a function of the higher levels of the central nervous system, in particular the c ...
Plant hormone receptors: new perceptions
Plant hormone receptors: new perceptions

... The TIR1 and AFB proteins are nuclear localized and exhibit typical F-box protein architecture, having an Nterminal F-box domain that mediates interactions with the SKP1 SCF subunit, followed by a series of leucinerich repeats (LRRs) that comprise the substrate-binding domain. Crucial insight into h ...
This article was originally published in a journal published by
This article was originally published in a journal published by

... role in increasing theta rhythm oscillations within the hippocampal formation [36,37]. Learning is enhanced when stimuli are presented during periods of theta rhythmicity [38]. Modeling demonstrates how performance in memory tasks can be enhanced by a shift in network function between an encoding p ...
The Distribution of Immunoreactivity for
The Distribution of Immunoreactivity for

... estrogen (ER) and androgen receptors (AR) maintain. While clearly more abundant, however, less is known about the cortical distribution of intracellular AR as compared with ER proteins. Available evidence suggests, though, that at least in rats these two hormone pathways occupy distinct niches among ...
1. Biophysics of the Nervous System
1. Biophysics of the Nervous System

... (sensitive to light mechanical stimuli) motor neuron connected to muscle spindles ...
NERVOUS SYSTEM
NERVOUS SYSTEM

... ...
Neurophysiology of Pain - International Pain School
Neurophysiology of Pain - International Pain School

... • Recently receptor molecules have been identified Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) channels - that respond to a number of strong stimuli. • TRP receptors are also involved in transmitting the burning sensation of chili pepper. • In time, drugs that act on these receptors will be developed to cont ...
CONTROL OF RESPIRATION
CONTROL OF RESPIRATION

... • Respiratory process is involuntary process, but under voluntary control as we can stop breathing. • Respiratory center is in the brain stem. It causes rhythmic breathing pattern of inspiration and expiration. • Inspiratory and Expiratory muscles are skeletal muscles and contract only when stimulat ...
The Nervous System - Division of Social Sciences
The Nervous System - Division of Social Sciences

... More than just glue? ...
Biology Nervous System - Educational Research Center
Biology Nervous System - Educational Research Center

... − the somatic nervous system receives external stimuli that determine how it interacts with its environment under certain conditions. − the nervous system and the endocrine system are related such that both achieve communication among different body organs. − the speed of propagation depends on exte ...
Dopamine is one of major neurotransmitters in the brain
Dopamine is one of major neurotransmitters in the brain

... Using immunohistochemistry for this assay is an improvement from the Yue study, which used in situ hybridization sensitive for mRNA not protein expression. Unfortunately, in situ hybridization must be used for EphB1 detection because it will lead to labeling of the cell body as opposed to the axons ...
section 4
section 4

... well documented for its pattern recognition capabilities (Houk 1994). The perceptron has a feed-forward architecture, characterised by high convergence of inputs on to single units. There is evidence that dopamine fibres of the SNp provide a training signal to the cortical afferents that project to ...
(X) rotin - University of Toronto
(X) rotin - University of Toronto

THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

... - At this point, a different series of molecular gates open which allows potassium ions to rush out of the neuron. The potassium ions, which have a positive charge as well, create a negatively charged cell interior by their absence. This event stops the depolarization process. The sodium ions are pu ...
Discrimination of Perfumes Using an Electronic Nose System
Discrimination of Perfumes Using an Electronic Nose System

... (MS) have been used to analyze both hazardous and non-hazardous odors. GC and GC/MS systems can require a significant amount of human intervention to perform the analysis and then relate the analysis to something useable. The main motivation for electronic noses is the development of qualitative, lo ...
ch_11_lecture_outline_c
ch_11_lecture_outline_c

... neurotransmission ...
Part c
Part c

... neurotransmission ...
Neurotransmitters
Neurotransmitters

... neurotransmission ...
Control of dopaminergic neuron survival by the unfolded protein
Control of dopaminergic neuron survival by the unfolded protein

Chapter 11 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College
Chapter 11 PowerPoint - Hillsborough Community College

... neurotransmission ...
autonomic nervous system
autonomic nervous system

... • Define Autonomic Nervous system, mention its components and their functions. • Name the neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system. ...
29.2 Neurons - Cloudfront.net
29.2 Neurons - Cloudfront.net

... • A neuron has three parts. 1. cell body has nucleus and organelles 2. dendrites receive messages from neighboring cells 3. axon carries messages to other cells Specialized support cells- such as the myelin sheathinsulate neurons’ axons and helps them send messages ...
Human Anatomy Unit 6 – Chapter 8 – Nervous System Work List
Human Anatomy Unit 6 – Chapter 8 – Nervous System Work List

... The location at which a neuron can transfer an impulse to another cell is called a synapse (SIN-aps). A space, called the synaptic cleft, separates the axon terminal from the dendrites of the adjacent cell, in this case a neuron. The terminals contain tiny sacs, or vesicles, filled with neurotransmi ...
48nervous
48nervous

... 1. Nervous systems perform the three overlapping functions of sensory input, integration, and motor output ...
< 1 ... 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 ... 206 >

Endocannabinoid system

The endocannabinoid system is a group of neuromodulatory lipids and their receptors in the brain that are involved in a variety of physiological processes including appetite, pain-sensation, mood, and memory; it mediates the psychoactive effects of cannabis and, broadly speaking, includes: The endogenous arachidonate-based lipids, anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamide, AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG); these are known as ""endocannabinoids"" and are physiological ligands for the cannabinoid receptors. Endocannabinoids are all eicosanoids. The enzymes that synthesize and degrade the endocannabinoids, such as fatty acid amide hydrolase or monoacylglycerol lipase. The cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, two G protein-coupled receptors that are located in the central and peripheral nervous systems.The neurons, neural pathways, and other cells where these molecules, enzymes, and one or both cannabinoid receptor types are all colocalized form the endocannabinoid system.The endocannabinoid system has been studied using genetic and pharmacological methods. These studies have revealed that cannabinoids act as neuromodulators for a variety of processes, including motor learning, appetite, and pain sensation, among other cognitive and physical processes. The localization of the CB1 receptor in the endocannabinoid system has a very large degree of overlap with the orexinergic projection system, which mediates many of the same functions, both physical and cognitive. Moreover, CB1 is colocalized on orexin projection neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and many output structures of the orexin system, where the CB1 and orexin receptor 1 (OX1) receptors physically and functionally join together to form the CB1–OX1 receptor heterodimer.
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