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THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: Communication
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: Communication

... effectors (muscles or glands). The goal is usually to maintain stable conditions (especially internal) – Homeostasis. Motor neurons. - Somatic Nervous System (skeletal muscles) - Autonomic Nervous System (smooth muscles, glands) C. Neurons: Nerve cells. Unique structure – cell body with many extensi ...
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Parts and Functions of a Nervous System

... Nerve cells or ______________ are highly specialized body cells that convey impulses from one part of the body to the CNS or vice versa. Neurons have important properties like ______________ or the ability to respond to stimuli and ________________ or the ability to transmit a signal. A neuron consi ...
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Nervous system 1 - INAYA Medical College
Nervous system 1 - INAYA Medical College

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In Pursuit of Ecstasy - Heartland Community College
In Pursuit of Ecstasy - Heartland Community College

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21st_Biology_B6_Revision_Powerpoint

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the limbic system

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... sleeping for a while, we can wake up naturally. However, the mechanism regulating sleep/wakefulness cycle has not been completely understood so far, while it appears to be regulated by neurons in the hypothalamus. Orexin, also called hypocretin is a neuropeptide recently identified as a natural liga ...
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Chapter 48 – Nervous System – Homework – Part I
Chapter 48 – Nervous System – Homework – Part I

... 1. Describe the basic pathway of information flow through neurons that cause you to turn your head when you hear the sound of your name being called. 2. Compare and contrast sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons 3. Compare and contrast dendrites and axons. 4. Discuss how the following rel ...
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W5D3H3: Sensory Receptors

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lesson 6

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... Produces a continuous postsynaptic effect Blocks reception of additional “messages” Must be removed from its receptor ...
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Endocannabinoid system

The endocannabinoid system is a group of neuromodulatory lipids and their receptors in the brain that are involved in a variety of physiological processes including appetite, pain-sensation, mood, and memory; it mediates the psychoactive effects of cannabis and, broadly speaking, includes: The endogenous arachidonate-based lipids, anandamide (N-arachidonoylethanolamide, AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG); these are known as ""endocannabinoids"" and are physiological ligands for the cannabinoid receptors. Endocannabinoids are all eicosanoids. The enzymes that synthesize and degrade the endocannabinoids, such as fatty acid amide hydrolase or monoacylglycerol lipase. The cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2, two G protein-coupled receptors that are located in the central and peripheral nervous systems.The neurons, neural pathways, and other cells where these molecules, enzymes, and one or both cannabinoid receptor types are all colocalized form the endocannabinoid system.The endocannabinoid system has been studied using genetic and pharmacological methods. These studies have revealed that cannabinoids act as neuromodulators for a variety of processes, including motor learning, appetite, and pain sensation, among other cognitive and physical processes. The localization of the CB1 receptor in the endocannabinoid system has a very large degree of overlap with the orexinergic projection system, which mediates many of the same functions, both physical and cognitive. Moreover, CB1 is colocalized on orexin projection neurons in the lateral hypothalamus and many output structures of the orexin system, where the CB1 and orexin receptor 1 (OX1) receptors physically and functionally join together to form the CB1–OX1 receptor heterodimer.
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